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Chiral perturbation theory for heavy hadrons and chiral effective field theory for heavy hadronic molecules
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Chiral perturbation theory for heavy hadrons and chiral effective field theory for heavy hadronic molecules
abstract
Chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking play an important role both in the light hadron and heavy hadron systems. The chiral perturbation theory ($\chi$PT) is the low energy effective field theory of the QCD. In this work, we shall review the investigations on the chiral corrections to the properties of the heavy mesons and baryons within the framework of $\chi$PT. We will also review the scatterings of the light pseudoscalar mesons and heavy hadrons, through which many new resonances such as the $D_{s0}^\ast(2317)$ could be understood. Moreover, many new hadron states were observed experimentally in the past decades. A large group of these states is near-threshold resonances, such as the charged charmoniumlike $Z_c$ and $Z_{cs}$ states, bottomoniumlike $Z_b$ states, hidden-charm pentaquark $P_c$ and $P_{cs}$ states and the doubly charmed $T_{cc}$ state, etc. They are very good candidates of the loosely bound molecular states composed of a pair of charmed (bottom) hadrons, which are very similar to the loosely bound deuteron. The modern nuclear force was built upon the chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT), which is the extension of the $\chi$PT to the systems with two matter fields. The long-range and medium-long-range interactions between two nucleons arise from the single- and double-pion exchange respectively, which are well constrained by the chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking. The short-distance interactions can be described by the low energy constants. Such a framework works very well for the nucleon-nucleon scattering and nuclei. In this work, we will perform an extensive review of the progress on the heavy hadronic molecular states within the framework of $\chi$EFT. We shall emphasize that the same chiral dynamics not only govern the nuclei and forms the deuteron, but also dictates the shallow bound states or resonances composed of two heavy hadrons.
Forward citations
Cited by 31 Pith papers
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Revealing the $D_0^*(2300)$ two-pole structure from lattice data and the SU(3) limit
Lattice data analysis with UChPT finds two I=1/2 poles at physical point with positions 2094-i111 MeV and 2463-i108 MeV; lower pole splits like the sigma on ms=const trajectory and links to 3-bar, higher pole links to...
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Systematic Study of Coupled-Channel Dynamics in Doubly Heavy Hadronic Molecules
Explicit coupled-channel dynamics modifies pole structures and can eliminate or shift higher-lying states in doubly heavy systems, while single-channel models suffice only for near-threshold states like T_cc.
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Dispersive Analysis of $D$- and $B$-Meson Form Factors with Chiral and Heavy-Quark Constraints
The isovector D/D*/B/B* electromagnetic form factors are reconstructed dispersively with ππ rescattering, yielding ρ(770) coupling constants from pole residues.
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Electromagnetic polarizabilities of the triplet hadrons in heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory
Heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory predicts giant electric polarizabilities for D star mesons from near-degenerate pion thresholds and flavor-dependent values for doubly heavy baryons.
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Model-independent mass determination of near-threshold states from short-range production
A model-independent minimum in short-range production rates of dimer-spectator systems allows precise mass extraction for near-threshold states via a fixed relation to the observed dip position.
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An improved moment QCD sum rule
An improved moment sum rule incorporating duality and dependence conditions uniquely fixes the continuum threshold and ground-state mass without ad-hoc OPE/pole criteria, matching prior Laplace results for a light tetraquark.
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Charting doubly strange hidden-charm pentaquarks: An electromagnetic mapping of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ and $\frac{3}{2}$ states
LCSR calculations of magnetic, quadrupole and octupole moments for S=-2 hidden-charm pentaquarks yield large current-dependent ranges (-4.25 to 5.74 μ_N) dominated by the charm quark in most diquark configurations.
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The $D_{s1}(2460)$ and other open-charm $1^+$ states in relativistic chiral effective field theory
Relativistic U(3) chiral EFT at NLO yields scattering lengths that match lattice data and identifies D_s1(2460) as an SU(3) triplet bound-state pole and D1(2430) as a triplet-sextet pole pair, none of which are conven...
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Effective Range Expansion with the Left-Hand Cut: Higher Order Improvements
Extended the generalized effective-range expansion, including the left-hand cut from one-particle exchange, to O(k^6) with a new relativistic version, validated against exact Yukawa-potential solutions of the Lippmann...
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Prediction of $QQqq\bar{s}$ molecular pentaquarks within the extended local hidden gauge approach
A model calculation predicts fourteen double-heavy molecular pentaquark states, but their existence and binding energies depend critically on an unconstrained regularization parameter.
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Magnetic dipole moments as probes of doubly-bottom molecular pentaquarks
For the molecular pentaquark configurations BΣ_b, BΣ_b*, and B*Σ_b, the predicted magnetic dipole moments are 2.40, −2.84, and 5.17 nuclear magnetons respectively, with a sign and magnitude pattern sensitive to spin s...
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Diffusion Monte Carlo study of deuteron-like fully light hexaquarks
Within the AL1 constituent-quark model, compact uuuddd hexaquarks lie well above baryon–baryon thresholds while dibaryon-like states are near-threshold molecular candidates, one deuteron-like but unbound by ~12 MeV.
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Symmetry Analysis of Compact Tetraquark States and Implications for the Level Ordering of the Fully Charmed Candidates $X(6600)$, $X(6900)$, and $X(7100)$
Counting symmetry-allowed states up to orbital angular momentum L=3 predicts low-lying compact tetraquarks prefer J^P=2^+, matching the observed 2^{++} fully charmed X states.
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Symmetry Analysis of Compact Tetraquark States and Implications for the Level Ordering of the Fully Charmed Candidates $X(6600)$, $X(6900)$, and $X(7100)$
Symmetry analysis of compact tetraquarks shows low-energy states favor J^P=2+ and places X(6600), X(6900), X(7100) among the lower levels of the fully charmed spectrum.
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Exploring $K\Xi^*$ and $K^*\Xi$ molecular states and the triangle singularity in the $K^- p \to K \Xi(1530)$ reaction
Proposes that a K* Ξ molecular state (Λ(2150)) generates a triangle singularity explaining the peak in K- p → K Ξ(1530), with distinct spin density matrix element variations as a testable signature.
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Doubly-strange hidden-charm pentaquarks from the Fermi statistics of the light-quark cloud
Extends baryo-charmonium picture to c cbar ssq pentaquarks, predicting two negative-parity triplets with lowest kaon-associated state near 4.60 GeV and a near-degenerate doublet for upper kaon states.
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Vector charmonium(-like) states in the energy range of 4.1-4.6 GeV
A coupled-channel framework is developed and fitted to BESIII data on vector charmonium-like states in the 4.1-4.6 GeV range, concluding that coupled-channel effects with dynamically generated poles explain the line shapes.
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Probing hidden-charm pentaquarks from the $\pi N\rightarrow J/\psi N$ reaction
The u-channel Lambda_c exchange enhances rescattering via Dbar(*) Sigma_c states in the piN to J/psiN reaction, producing clear peaks for Pc(4312) (1/2^-) and Pc(4457) (3/2^-) at microbarn cross sections while suppres...
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Determination of the $Z_c(3900)$ and the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ states from joint analysis of experimental and lattice data
Joint analysis of experimental and lattice data confirms Z_c(3900) and Z_cs(3985) as SU(3) flavor partners with pole masses (3879.6 ± 4.8) MeV and (3976.9 ± 5.1) MeV, half-widths (32.2 ± 4.7) MeV and (28.8 ± 5.9) MeV,...
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Coupled-channel study of the three-body $DDK$ and $D^{*}D^{*}K$
The DDK system supports a deeply bound compact state across wide parameters and possibly a shallow three-body halo state near the D-DK threshold, with negligible D*D*K coupling and no resonances.
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Study of the molecular Properties of the $P_c$ and $P_{cs}$ States
Coupled-channel calculations show Pc and Pcs states as molecular bound states with RMS radii 0.5-2 fm when heavy-quark spin symmetry is respected across all channels.
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Structural dissection of hadronic molecules: The $D^{(*)}\bar{K}^{(*)}$ family under QCD light-cone sum rules
QCD light-cone sum rules predict magnetic moments from −2.0 to +3.1 nuclear magnetons and quadrupole moments near 10⁻³ fm² for JP=1+ D(*)K̅(*) molecular tetraquarks, dominated by light-quark contributions.
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The dynamically generated $h_1$ state by the $K^*\bar{K}^*$ interaction and its $K_1(1270)\bar{K}$ and $b_1(1235)\pi$ decays
The dynamically generated h1(1790) K*Kbar* molecule is predicted to decay into K1(1270)Kbar and b1(1235)pi with partial widths of about 0.5 to several MeV, plus stable width ratios R1≈0.3 and R2≈0.53.
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Short-range production of three bottom mesons
Leading-order predictions for three-body point production rates of B and B* meson systems are derived in short-range NREFT from two-body input alone.
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Electromagnetic form factors: A window into the $D\Lambda_c$, $D^*\Lambda_c$, and $D\Lambda_c^*$ molecular structure
Using light-cone QCD sum rules, the paper predicts negative magnetic dipole moments of roughly -1.27, -2.78, and -3.80 nuclear magnetons for the DΛc, D*Λc, and DΛc* molecular pentaquark candidates, plus small quadrupo...
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ZS-Puffin: Design, Modeling and Implementation of an Unmanned Aerial-Aquatic Vehicle with Amphibious Wings
An unmanned aerial-aquatic prototype uses a single-pitch-axis amphibious wing for lift in air and flapping propulsion underwater, driven by an artificial central pattern generator.
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Decay constants of the two-pole $D_0^*(2300)$
Molecular two-pole D0*(2300) decay constants are 65 and 81 MeV—much smaller than compact c¯q estimates—and imply Cabibbo-favored b-hadron branching fractions of order 10^{-5}.
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Does $\psi(4660)$ exist?
Fits using coupled channels and bare states show the psi(4660) as a conventional charmonium state above the Lambda_c pair threshold in both Belle and BESIII datasets.
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Three-body molecular states composed of $D^{(*)}$ and two nucleons
The DNN system forms a robust compact bound state in the I=1/2 (1^-) channel across cutoffs, while D*NN exhibits spin-dependent bound states in 0^-, 1^-, and 2^- channels with no resonances found.
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Investigating the two-pion exchange of the double charm $DD^*$ chiral interactions and $T_{cc}$
In this chiral EFT calculation the I=0 DD* two-pion-exchange potential is repulsive, and its near-cancellation with attractive contact and one-pion terms provides the weak binding of Tcc.
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Unquenched Charmonium and Beyond
This Lanzhou-group review argues that coupled-channel (unquenched) effects, not exotic constituents, are the common thread explaining charmonium anomalies from the rho-pi puzzle to the Y-problem states.
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