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Quantum entanglement
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All our former experience with application of quantum theory seems to say: {\it what is predicted by quantum formalism must occur in laboratory}. But the essence of quantum formalism - entanglement, recognized by Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen and Schr\"odinger - waited over 70 years to enter to laboratories as a new resource as real as energy. This holistic property of compound quantum systems, which involves nonclassical correlations between subsystems, is a potential for many quantum processes, including ``canonical'' ones: quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation and dense coding. However, it appeared that this new resource is very complex and difficult to detect. Being usually fragile to environment, it is robust against conceptual and mathematical tools, the task of which is to decipher its rich structure. This article reviews basic aspects of entanglement including its characterization, detection, distillation and quantifying. In particular, the authors discuss various manifestations of entanglement via Bell inequalities, entropic inequalities, entanglement witnesses, quantum cryptography and point out some interrelations. They also discuss a basic role of entanglement in quantum communication within distant labs paradigm and stress some peculiarities such as irreversibility of entanglement manipulations including its extremal form - bound entanglement phenomenon. A basic role of entanglement witnesses in detection of entanglement is emphasized.
Forward citations
Cited by 45 Pith papers
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Spin Femtoscopy: A Framework for Revealing Genuine Spin Correlations
Spin femtoscopy is proposed to separate genuine two-particle spin correlations from quantum statistics and final-state interaction effects via spin-sensitive correlation functions on Lambda pairs.
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Tensor invariants for multipartite entanglement classification
Trace-invariants of colored graphs fully label LU orbits of HT multipartite states, completely characterize their LO preorder via weight-function divisibility, and yield large-N combinatorial distinctions from Haar-ra...
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Relative entropy of entanglement of Haar random states
For a bipartite mixed state obtained by tracing out one subsystem of a tripartite Haar-random pure state, the relative entropy of entanglement equals log(d_A d_B / max(d_A,d_B,d_C)) plus an absolute constant, with hig...
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Qubit-qubit-qutrit quantum correlations in $H \to f \bar f V$
In h→τ^-τ^+ Z decays, the spin state is genuinely qubit-qubit-qutrit entangled almost everywhere, violates Bell inequalities throughout, and carries up to 1.95 bits of non-local magic.
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False vacuum decay in long-range interacting quantum systems
In long-range Ising chains the false-vacuum bounce action scales as B∼h^{-1/σ} for σ<1 and recovers Coleman B∼h^{-1} (plus h^{σ-2} corrections) for 1<σ<2, with algebraic tails that leave the leading exponents intact.
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Hyperon-pair spin tomography beyond scalar spin correlations
Scalar Lambda-pair spin correlations leave a continuous density-matrix degeneracy; full tensor tomography is required to claim entanglement, and a ³P₀ benchmark predicts a specific anisotropy pattern.
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Bell nonlocality and entanglement in $\chi_{cJ}$ decays into baryon pair
Chi_c0 decays exhibit maximal Bell violation and entanglement, chi_c1 shows angle-modulated violation, and chi_c2 baryon pairs are separable with no violation.
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Symmetry-Resolved Entanglement Entropy from Heat Kernels
An improved heat kernel framework with phase-factor reconstruction computes symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy for charged systems and derives a cMERA flow equation that agrees with CFT and holographic calculations.
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Automated computation of spin-density matrices and quantum observables for collider physics
An automated framework in MadGraph5_aMC@NLO computes tree-level production spin-density matrices and quantum observables for generic collider processes, with validation on ttbar and VV and new applications to multi-to...
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Entanglement groups for mixed states
For mixed quantum states, entanglement can be characterized by a quotient group of local unitary stabilizers of the density matrix, and any nontriviality for separable states must come from multipartite entanglement w...
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Multi-entropy and the Dihedral Measures at Quantum Critical Points
The multi-entropy excess κ_2^(3) vanishes for the massless free scalar CFT, an exception to the general c/4 log 2 result, while the Ising model matches it, and new n=3 and n=4 values are proposed for the scalar theory.
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Entanglement cost hierarchies in quantum fragmented mixed states
For a family of strongly symmetric mixed states from the Temperley-Lieb model, the logarithmic negativity and exact PPT entanglement cost grow linearly with system size, while the entanglement of formation, squashed e...
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Decoherence effects in entangled fermion pairs at colliders
Calculates decoherence from radiation on a Bell-state fermion pair by mapping integrated Altarelli-Parisi splitting functions to Kraus operators of an open quantum system.
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Quantum Information Flow under String-Diagram Rewriting
The authors define Coecke flow lines as branch-independent paths through quantum protocol diagrams that survive every semantics-preserving rewrite down to a bare wire.
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Tripartite Entanglement in $e^+ e^- \to t \bar{t} Z$
Computes entanglement negativities for the tripartite spin system in e+e- -> ttZ and projects that collective entanglement is accessible but genuine multipartite entanglement has limited sensitivity at a polarized ILC...
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Finite scalar field theory with SU(1,1) spacetime symmetry from near-BPS limits of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM
A non-Lorentzian scalar QFT with SU(1,1) symmetry obtained from N=4 SYM is finite at all orders in perturbation theory.
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Experimental prospects for quantum decoherence measurements at colliders
Hard final-state radiation measurably destroys the spin entanglement of fermion-antifermion pairs, and the effect should already be visible in LHC ttbar+jet and Belle II tau+tau-gamma data.
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Quantum entanglement between partons in a strongly coupled quantum field theory
In unquenched scalar Yukawa theory, parton entanglement entropy encodes quantum information that cannot be reduced to Shannon entropy of parton distributions.
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Simulating Quantum State Transfer between Distributed Devices using Noisy Interconnects
A noisy quantum channel can simulate a perfect state transfer via a quasiprobability recipe whose sampling overhead is 2/F - 1, where F is the channel's entanglement fidelity, validated on IBM quantum hardware.
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Estimating the best separable approximation of non-pure spin-squeezed states
Lower bounds on the best separable approximation distance for non-pure spin-squeezed states are obtained from the complete set of spin-squeezing inequalities, with symmetry-exploiting optimization for upper bounds, re...
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The trace distance between density matrices, a nifty tool in new-physics searches
Using the trace distance between Standard Model and new-physics density matrices gives the strongest quantum-information bounds on anomalous top and tau couplings, along with first measurements of magic in collider data.
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Tripartite entanglement of qudits
The authors prove a decomposition theorem for algebraic entanglement invariants of tripartite qudit states and use it to enumerate all entanglement classes for three qutrits.
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Semiclassical Backreaction: A Qualitative Assessment
A numerical benchmark of a two-oscillator toy model shows the mean-field and truncated Wigner methods each outperform plain classical evolution, but in complementary parameter regimes tied to classical instability and...
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Separability and entanglement of resonating valence-bond states
Proves exact separability for disconnected subsystems in dimer RK states and exponentially suppressed entanglement for RVB states on arbitrary lattices, with negativity expressed via partition functions.
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(De)Coherence of a quantum system in an anti-de Sitter spacetime
An oscillator coupled to the confined graviton modes of AdS has an oscillatory decoherence rate; setting its revival period equal to the boundary light-crossing time yields the selection rule 2n+ℓ = 2(1+ω_m L/c) and p...
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Entanglement and non-separability of momenta and coordinates at colliders
Proposes using hemispherical projections to reduce continuous momenta to qubits and Monte Carlo simulation of tau lepton production at electron colliders to assess phase-space non-separability via EPR correlations.
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Multi-entropy in heavy local quenches
Genuine multi-entropy in heavy local quenches in 2D holographic CFTs is kinematically fixed to logarithms of rational functions of time, independent of heavy operator dimension, due to global saddle selection in the g...
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New quantum information perspectives in the axion--photon and neutrino systems
Axion-photon oscillations generate bipartite mode entanglement with maximal values at resonance, and quantum speed limits are derived for both axion-photon and neutrino systems.
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Entanglement redistribution of hyperon-antihyperon pair via sequential decay
In e+e−→ψ→Ξ(→Λπ)Ξ̄(→Λ̄π), the ΛΛ̄ pair's concurrence and negativity can decrease relative to the mother pair yet stay nonzero except at θ=0 and π, while quantum discord can always increase.
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Delay-Independent Stability of Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations via Isospectral Reduction
Claims a delay-independent global exponential stability criterion for a broad class of nonlinear nonautonomous delay differential equations using isospectral reduction of an associated sequence of matrices.
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Local-available quantum correlation swapping in one-parameter X states
LAQC can be redistributed by projective swapping in X states, but the paper's key examples claiming separable final states with nonzero LAQC are only valid for part of the parameter space.
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A Breakdown Case Study of the Lindblad Approach via Entanglement and Purity
A two-qubit system in a random many-body environment decoheres with two successive Gaussian decays, which a time-homogeneous Lindblad equation can never reproduce because its short-time decay is always linear.
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Entanglement and Bell Nonlocality in $\tau^+ \tau^-$ at the LHC using Machine Learning for Neutrino Reconstruction
Simulations of pp to tau+ tau- at the LHC with ML neutrino reconstruction show Bell nonlocality above 5 sigma, proposing tau pairs as a new benchmark system for quantum information studies.
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Testing spooky action between free-traveling electron-positron pairs
Simulations show that Bhabha scattering can produce electron-positron pairs with near-maximal entanglement, and a two-target secondary-scattering scheme could in principle measure their spin correlations.
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Open Quantum Entanglement: A study of two atomic system in static patch of de Sitter space
Using a two-atom open quantum system in de Sitter space, the authors claim to derive analytic entanglement dynamics and Bell inequality violation, but the derivation rests on an ad hoc imaginary-frequency condition.
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On the existence of fully inseparable biseparable Gaussian states
Numerical evidence from projections and witnesses on specific Gaussian families leads to the conjecture that full inseparability implies genuine multipartite entanglement for all Gaussian states.
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Mixed-state entanglement and phase transitions in Einstein-Born-Infeld massive gravity
In Einstein-Born-Infeld massive gravity, the second temperature derivative of the entanglement-wedge cross-section tracks the metal-insulator crossover, all entanglement measures diagnose Hawking-Page transitions, and...
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Diagnosing Critical Behavior in AdS Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar Theory via Holographic Entanglement Measures
In the EMS holographic model, entanglement entropy, mutual information, wedge cross-section, and butterfly velocity all show critical exponent 1—twice the scalar order parameter—and MI grows faster than EWCS across th...
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Looking into the quantum entanglement in $H\to ZZ^\star$ at LHC within SMEFT framework
Using symmetrized angular asymmetries from simulated H->ZZ*->4l events, the authors reconstruct the ZZ* density matrix and report a positive concurrence lower bound for all scanned SMEFT couplings.
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Duality and entanglement in lattice gauge theories
The continuum entropic c-function of the 2+1 dimensional Z2 gauge theory is reported to show a power-law short-distance regime and an exponential large-distance decay, with a crossover near l m_g = 1.
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The Black Hole Singularity as a Thermodynamic System being the Seat of BH Entropy
The paper proposes that the black hole singularity, modeled as a random network of elementary degrees of freedom, carries entropy proportional to M^2, matching the scaling of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
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Microscopic QED origin of spin entanglement
Starting from QED scattering, the paper derives dipolar spin interactions for two qubits and claims a distance-to-the-fourth-power effective interaction between two bath spins mediated by a virtual fermion.
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Few is different: deciphering many-body dynamics in mesoscopic quantum gases
A workshop report mapping the size, equilibrium, and interaction frontiers of hydrodynamic behavior in mesoscopic quantum systems, connecting few-atom Fermi gases and high-energy small collision systems.
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Emergent Holographic Spacetime from Quantum Information
Takayanagi's essay outlines a research program in which holographic spacetime, including the time direction, may emerge from entanglement, complexity, and complex-valued pseudo-entropy, without presenting a new derivation.
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Particle Collisions & Quantum Entanglement in High-Energy Collisions
A review summarizing advancements in probing quantum entanglement and Bell inequalities using high-energy particle colliders.
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