JWST nebular spectra detect cooling ~400 K carbonaceous dust emission in normal SN Ia 2023qov at +276 and +363 days, modeled as pre-existing circumstellar dust with mass ~10^{-4} M_sun located within ~1 light year.
Nucleosynthesis in Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of Galaxies
30 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 956 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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A data-driven decomposition of stellar abundance vectors into four latent patterns identifies distinct contributions from core-collapse supernovae, Type Ia supernovae, and AGB stars across the Milky Way disc.
COLIBRE simulations find the galaxy gas-phase MZR already in place at z≈10 with little evolution until z≈5, then shallowens at low z, with high-mass turnover set by AGN feedback and low-mass end by core-collapse supernovae.
High [Si/Mg] = 0.67 in NGC 1277 cannot be explained by standard models and suggests pair-instability supernovae from very massive early stars.
The Helix Nebula is a low-density, stratified object with near-solar oxygen abundance (8.7), a ~1 dex sulfur deficit, and moderate helium/nitrogen enrichment placing it near the Type I boundary, with abundance variations attributed to ionization structure rather than chemical inhomogeneity.
Physics-based annual TSI reconstruction over three millennia yields a maximum difference of 1.04 W/m² in 50-year running means.
Reprojects abundances of 199k stars into 4 patterns, identifying enrichment pathways with strong chemo-spatial, age, and vertical correlations plus a transition at ~6 Gyr.
Milky Way abundance trends act as effective empirical proxies for nucleosynthetic yields, recovering alpha and Fe-peak abundances in quiescent galaxies with 0.05 dex median offset versus 0.23 dex for theory, indicating largely universal yields.
NEFERTITI simulations show that the Milky Way's most metal-poor stars largely come from a handful of accreted massive dwarf galaxies, while reproducing the JWST Hebe galaxy at z~11 as a pure Population III system.
New VLT observations of He I* absorbers yield a primordial ³He/⁴He ratio of (1.15^{+0.24}_{-0.21})×10^{-4} consistent with standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis, plus an updated stellar yield scaling factor.
Bulge Fossil Fragments are estimated to generate 15-250 times more binary black hole mergers than typical globular clusters, marking them as a new class of gravitational wave sources.
FIRE-2 simulations find metallicity gradients in EoR galaxies flatten from median -0.15 dex/kpc at z~10 to -0.1 at z~6, with positive correlations to stellar mass and gas flow proxy Δv/2σ and links to central SFR density.
Coevolving super-Eddington black holes and nuclear starbursts in high-redshift halos naturally generate the V-shaped UV-to-optical spectra and weak high-energy emission of little red dots.
New NIR OH-based oxygen abundances for 35 VMP stars are empirically calibrated against the [OI] line to flatten the [O/Fe] vs [Fe/H] trend and improve agreement with Galactic chemical evolution models.
Literature compilation of 1032 carbon abundances identifies a new M_V--CEMP fraction relation in dwarf galaxies and infers that the metal-poor Milky Way halo assembled from both UFD-like and intermediate-mass systems.
JWST spectra reveal that two z~7 galaxies already show near-solar iron-to-silicon ratios with no strong odd-even effect, favoring early Type Ia supernovae over pair-instability supernovae as the source of iron enrichment.
The MAGIC survey provides photometric metallicities for RGB stars over ~3000 deg² using CaHK narrow-band imaging plus DELVE g,r,i data, recovering 13/14 known ultra-faint dwarfs and confirming a distant Reticulum II member.
NLTE study finds Spite Plateau extends to lower metallicities with positive slope and identifies lithium plateau in lower red giant branch stars at A(Li)=1.13 dex.
Spectra of the western eROSITA bubbles reveal two uniform components at 0.60 keV and 0.21 keV with sub-solar abundances, plus a geometrical model constraining horizontal size to ~6 kpc but leaving vertical extent uncertain.
New observations of high-redshift DLAs show that the metallicity of neutral hydrogen gas drops sharply at z approximately 5.
Jet-driven aspherical explosions improve fits to Perseus Cluster abundances and are necessary to explain zinc enrichment and other elemental trends in galactic stars and chemical evolution models.
New CCSN yield tables at varying metallicities are inserted into galactic chemical evolution models and tuned to reproduce the Si-group and Fe-group abundances measured by Hitomi in the Perseus Cluster.
A more efficient 12C+12C rate extends carbon burning, produces less compact pre-supernova structures, and enhances s-process yields of elements heavier than Fe in supernova ejecta from 15-40 solar mass stars.
Discovery and classification of HE 1153-0518 as a new high-A(C) CEMP-no star among three EMP stars based on abundance patterns from high-resolution spectra.
citing papers explorer
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Galaxy Metallicity Gradients in the Reionization Epoch from the FIRE-2 Simulations
FIRE-2 simulations find metallicity gradients in EoR galaxies flatten from median -0.15 dex/kpc at z~10 to -0.1 at z~6, with positive correlations to stellar mass and gas flow proxy Δv/2σ and links to central SFR density.
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Spectral Uniformity of Little Red Dots: A Natural Outcome of Coevolving Seed Black Holes and Nascent Starbursts
Coevolving super-Eddington black holes and nuclear starbursts in high-redshift halos naturally generate the V-shaped UV-to-optical spectra and weak high-energy emission of little red dots.
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Interstellar dust production, destruction and effects of dust depletion in galaxies
The paper reviews dust production, destruction and growth processes in galaxies, compiles literature data on comoving dust mass density, presents evidence for and against interstellar dust growth, and identifies the high-redshift dust budget as needing further study.