JWST nebular spectra detect cooling ~400 K carbonaceous dust emission in normal SN Ia 2023qov at +276 and +363 days, modeled as pre-existing circumstellar dust with mass ~10^{-4} M_sun located within ~1 light year.
Nucleosynthesis in Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of Galaxies
30 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 956 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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A data-driven decomposition of stellar abundance vectors into four latent patterns identifies distinct contributions from core-collapse supernovae, Type Ia supernovae, and AGB stars across the Milky Way disc.
COLIBRE simulations find the galaxy gas-phase MZR already in place at z≈10 with little evolution until z≈5, then shallowens at low z, with high-mass turnover set by AGN feedback and low-mass end by core-collapse supernovae.
High [Si/Mg] = 0.67 in NGC 1277 cannot be explained by standard models and suggests pair-instability supernovae from very massive early stars.
The Helix Nebula is a low-density, stratified object with near-solar oxygen abundance (8.7), a ~1 dex sulfur deficit, and moderate helium/nitrogen enrichment placing it near the Type I boundary, with abundance variations attributed to ionization structure rather than chemical inhomogeneity.
Physics-based annual TSI reconstruction over three millennia yields a maximum difference of 1.04 W/m² in 50-year running means.
Reprojects abundances of 199k stars into 4 patterns, identifying enrichment pathways with strong chemo-spatial, age, and vertical correlations plus a transition at ~6 Gyr.
Milky Way abundance trends act as effective empirical proxies for nucleosynthetic yields, recovering alpha and Fe-peak abundances in quiescent galaxies with 0.05 dex median offset versus 0.23 dex for theory, indicating largely universal yields.
NEFERTITI simulations show that the Milky Way's most metal-poor stars largely come from a handful of accreted massive dwarf galaxies, while reproducing the JWST Hebe galaxy at z~11 as a pure Population III system.
New VLT observations of He I* absorbers yield a primordial ³He/⁴He ratio of (1.15^{+0.24}_{-0.21})×10^{-4} consistent with standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis, plus an updated stellar yield scaling factor.
Bulge Fossil Fragments are estimated to generate 15-250 times more binary black hole mergers than typical globular clusters, marking them as a new class of gravitational wave sources.
FIRE-2 simulations find metallicity gradients in EoR galaxies flatten from median -0.15 dex/kpc at z~10 to -0.1 at z~6, with positive correlations to stellar mass and gas flow proxy Δv/2σ and links to central SFR density.
Coevolving super-Eddington black holes and nuclear starbursts in high-redshift halos naturally generate the V-shaped UV-to-optical spectra and weak high-energy emission of little red dots.
New NIR OH-based oxygen abundances for 35 VMP stars are empirically calibrated against the [OI] line to flatten the [O/Fe] vs [Fe/H] trend and improve agreement with Galactic chemical evolution models.
Literature compilation of 1032 carbon abundances identifies a new M_V--CEMP fraction relation in dwarf galaxies and infers that the metal-poor Milky Way halo assembled from both UFD-like and intermediate-mass systems.
JWST spectra reveal that two z~7 galaxies already show near-solar iron-to-silicon ratios with no strong odd-even effect, favoring early Type Ia supernovae over pair-instability supernovae as the source of iron enrichment.
The MAGIC survey provides photometric metallicities for RGB stars over ~3000 deg² using CaHK narrow-band imaging plus DELVE g,r,i data, recovering 13/14 known ultra-faint dwarfs and confirming a distant Reticulum II member.
NLTE study finds Spite Plateau extends to lower metallicities with positive slope and identifies lithium plateau in lower red giant branch stars at A(Li)=1.13 dex.
Spectra of the western eROSITA bubbles reveal two uniform components at 0.60 keV and 0.21 keV with sub-solar abundances, plus a geometrical model constraining horizontal size to ~6 kpc but leaving vertical extent uncertain.
New observations of high-redshift DLAs show that the metallicity of neutral hydrogen gas drops sharply at z approximately 5.
Jet-driven aspherical explosions improve fits to Perseus Cluster abundances and are necessary to explain zinc enrichment and other elemental trends in galactic stars and chemical evolution models.
New CCSN yield tables at varying metallicities are inserted into galactic chemical evolution models and tuned to reproduce the Si-group and Fe-group abundances measured by Hitomi in the Perseus Cluster.
A more efficient 12C+12C rate extends carbon burning, produces less compact pre-supernova structures, and enhances s-process yields of elements heavier than Fe in supernova ejecta from 15-40 solar mass stars.
Discovery and classification of HE 1153-0518 as a new high-A(C) CEMP-no star among three EMP stars based on abundance patterns from high-resolution spectra.
citing papers explorer
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JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova
JWST nebular spectra detect cooling ~400 K carbonaceous dust emission in normal SN Ia 2023qov at +276 and +363 days, modeled as pre-existing circumstellar dust with mass ~10^{-4} M_sun located within ~1 light year.
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Milky Way Mapper decoded abundances -- I. Shared disc enrichment patterns
A data-driven decomposition of stellar abundance vectors into four latent patterns identifies distinct contributions from core-collapse supernovae, Type Ia supernovae, and AGB stars across the Milky Way disc.
-
The evolution of the galaxy gas-phase mass-metallicity relation from $z=15$ to $z=0$ in the COLIBRE cosmological simulations
COLIBRE simulations find the galaxy gas-phase MZR already in place at z≈10 with little evolution until z≈5, then shallowens at low z, with high-mass turnover set by AGN feedback and low-mass end by core-collapse supernovae.
-
Chemical hints of Population III stars from silicon abundances in massive galaxies
High [Si/Mg] = 0.67 in NGC 1277 cannot be explained by standard models and suggests pair-instability supernovae from very massive early stars.
-
SDSS-V LVM: Revealing the Physical and Chemical Structure of the Helix Nebula
The Helix Nebula is a low-density, stratified object with near-solar oxygen abundance (8.7), a ~1 dex sulfur deficit, and moderate helium/nitrogen enrichment placing it near the Type I boundary, with abundance variations attributed to ionization structure rather than chemical inhomogeneity.
-
Reconstruction of annual solar irradiance over the last three millennia
Physics-based annual TSI reconstruction over three millennia yields a maximum difference of 1.04 W/m² in 50-year running means.
-
Milky Way Mapper decoded abundances -- II: From patterns to paths
Reprojects abundances of 199k stars into 4 patterns, identifying enrichment pathways with strong chemo-spatial, age, and vertical correlations plus a transition at ~6 Gyr.
-
Are Nucleosynthetic Yields Universal? Interpreting the Multi-Elemental Abundances of Quiescent Galaxies over Cosmic Time Using Milky Way Stars
Milky Way abundance trends act as effective empirical proxies for nucleosynthetic yields, recovering alpha and Fe-peak abundances in quiescent galaxies with 0.05 dex median offset versus 0.23 dex for theory, indicating largely universal yields.
-
NEFERTITI: Linking early galaxy formation to the assembly of the Milky Way
NEFERTITI simulations show that the Milky Way's most metal-poor stars largely come from a handful of accreted massive dwarf galaxies, while reproducing the JWST Hebe galaxy at z~11 as a pure Population III system.
-
Towards a measurement of the primordial helium isotope ratio
New VLT observations of He I* absorbers yield a primordial ³He/⁴He ratio of (1.15^{+0.24}_{-0.21})×10^{-4} consistent with standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis, plus an updated stellar yield scaling factor.
-
Bulge Fossil Fragments as a new population of factories of gravitational wave sources in the Galaxy
Bulge Fossil Fragments are estimated to generate 15-250 times more binary black hole mergers than typical globular clusters, marking them as a new class of gravitational wave sources.
-
Galaxy Metallicity Gradients in the Reionization Epoch from the FIRE-2 Simulations
FIRE-2 simulations find metallicity gradients in EoR galaxies flatten from median -0.15 dex/kpc at z~10 to -0.1 at z~6, with positive correlations to stellar mass and gas flow proxy Δv/2σ and links to central SFR density.
-
Spectral Uniformity of Little Red Dots: A Natural Outcome of Coevolving Seed Black Holes and Nascent Starbursts
Coevolving super-Eddington black holes and nuclear starbursts in high-redshift halos naturally generate the V-shaped UV-to-optical spectra and weak high-energy emission of little red dots.
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Revealing {\alpha}-Element's Past with Subaru/IRD: Oxygen Abundance of 35 Very Metal-Poor Stars from Near-IR OH lines
New NIR OH-based oxygen abundances for 35 VMP stars are empirically calibrated against the [OI] line to flatten the [O/Fe] vs [Fe/H] trend and improve agreement with Galactic chemical evolution models.
-
Carbon Abundances in Metal-Poor Stars Reveal Distinct Galaxy and Star Formation Pathways in the Early Universe
Literature compilation of 1032 carbon abundances identifies a new M_V--CEMP fraction relation in dwarf galaxies and infers that the metal-poor Milky Way halo assembled from both UFD-like and intermediate-mass systems.
-
JWST Absorption-Line Analysis of UV-Bright Galaxies at $z=7.2-10.6$: Early Chemical Enrichment Traced by C, O, Mg, Al, Si, and Fe
JWST spectra reveal that two z~7 galaxies already show near-solar iron-to-silicon ratios with no strong odd-even effect, favoring early Type Ia supernovae over pair-instability supernovae as the source of iron enrichment.
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The DECam MAGIC Survey $-$ Mapping the Ancient Galaxy in CaHK: Overview and Summary of Early Science
The MAGIC survey provides photometric metallicities for RGB stars over ~3000 deg² using CaHK narrow-band imaging plus DELVE g,r,i data, recovering 13/14 known ultra-faint dwarfs and confirming a distant Reticulum II member.
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A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-Poor Stars with Metallicity Down to $-4.3$ dex. II. Lithium Abundance and New Insight to the Lithium Plateau
NLTE study finds Spite Plateau extends to lower metallicities with positive slope and identifies lithium plateau in lower red giant branch stars at A(Li)=1.13 dex.
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The SRG/eROSITA diffuse soft X-ray background II. spectra and morphology of the eROSITA bubbles in the western Galactic hemisphere
Spectra of the western eROSITA bubbles reveal two uniform components at 0.60 keV and 0.21 keV with sub-solar abundances, plus a geometrical model constraining horizontal size to ~6 kpc but leaving vertical extent uncertain.
-
The Qz5 Survey (II): Metallicity Evolution of Damped Ly{\alpha} Systems Out to z$\sim$5
New observations of high-redshift DLAs show that the metallicity of neutral hydrogen gas drops sharply at z approximately 5.
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Revisiting the Perseus Cluster III: Role of Aspherical Explosions on its Chemical Composition and Extension to Metal-Poor Stars and Galaxies
Jet-driven aspherical explosions improve fits to Perseus Cluster abundances and are necessary to explain zinc enrichment and other elemental trends in galactic stars and chemical evolution models.
-
Revisiting the Perseus Cluster II: Metallicity-Dependence of Massive Stars and Chemical Enrichment History
New CCSN yield tables at varying metallicities are inserted into galactic chemical evolution models and tuned to reproduce the Si-group and Fe-group abundances measured by Hitomi in the Perseus Cluster.
-
Impact of Sub-2.5 MeV 12C+12CResonances on the Production of Elements from C to Pd in Core-Collapse Supernovae
A more efficient 12C+12C rate extends carbon burning, produces less compact pre-supernova structures, and enhances s-process yields of elements heavier than Fe in supernova ejecta from 15-40 solar mass stars.
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Three Extremely Metal-Poor stars: discovery of a new CEMP-no star
Discovery and classification of HE 1153-0518 as a new high-A(C) CEMP-no star among three EMP stars based on abundance patterns from high-resolution spectra.
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Contribution of interstellar objects to local dark matter density
Interstellar objects may contribute enough baryonic mass to reduce the local dark matter halo density to 0.24 GeV/cm³.
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Star cluster formation from turbulent clumps. V. Stellar clustering around massive stars
N-body simulations show massive stars in TCCA clusters rapidly acquire triple or higher multiples and local density enhancements via dynamics, with multiplicity trends and shallower N_* profiles than competitive accretion models, matching AFGL 5180 better.
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Self-regulated galaxy evolution within a self-consistently varying galaxy-wide IMF
A metallicity- and SFR-dependent galaxy-wide IMF in semi-analytical models reproduces the mass-metallicity relation and quenched ellipticals more accurately than constant-IMF models, with self-regulation set by gas accretion rates near the Hubble constant.
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The Sc, Ti, and V Abundance Discrepancy: Testing High-Mass IMF Variation and Massive-Star Rotation
Rotating massive-star yields at 300 km/s improve agreement with metal-poor Sc, Ti, V abundances in one-zone GCE models, with IMF slope variations providing secondary modulation.
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On the relative CNO underabundance in quasar absorption systems at $z \sim 3$ arising from Population III enrichment and attenuation by intermediate-mass black holes and primordial baryon accretion
Intermediate-mass black holes acting as permanent matter sinks, combined with updated cosmic star formation rates and primordial baryon accretion, reduce the overpredicted CNO abundances from Population III stars to match observations in z~3-6 quasar absorption systems.
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Interstellar dust production, destruction and effects of dust depletion in galaxies
The paper reviews dust production, destruction and growth processes in galaxies, compiles literature data on comoving dust mass density, presents evidence for and against interstellar dust growth, and identifies the high-redshift dust budget as needing further study.