The gluon D-term at small x is a next-to-eikonal stress observable whose sign is not determined by the dipole or saturation profile.
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Computing Quark and Gluon Distribution Functions for Very Large Nuclei
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abstract
We argue that the distribution functions for quarks and gluons are computable at small x for sufficiently large nuclei, perhaps larger than can be physically realized. For such nuclei, we argue that weak coupling methods may be used. We show that the computation of the distribution functions can be recast as a many body problem with a modified propagator, a coupling constant which depends on the multiplicity of particles per unit rapidity per unit area, and for non-abelian gauge theories, some extra media dependent vertices. We explicitly compute the distribution function for gluons to lowest order, and argue how they may be computed in higher order.
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representative citing papers
In the fixed-coupling SO(3)-BK model, Q_s-adaptive coarse graining of the gluon Husimi distribution produces collapse of conditional momentum distributions onto k/Q_s and unit-slope growth of conditional entropy with <ln Q_s²>.
The normalized cos2φ moment of energy flow in DIS dijet production provides a linear projection of the elliptic gluon Wigner harmonic after kinematic subtraction within leading-power small-x factorization.
The Collins-Soper kernel is extracted from lattice computations of a vacuum soft function, showing rapidity dependence consistent with Collins-Soper evolution, comparable errors to hadronic methods, and saturation at large transverse separations.
TMD factorization holds for diffractive massive quark-antiquark-gluon production in the correlation limit, with a new mass-dependent quark diffractive TMD in the antiquark-gluon hard pair case.
In large-Nc and harmonic oscillator limits, medium-induced splittings are computed analytically double-differential in z and θ, with an improved semi-hard approximation validated for high-energy partons.
Sub-eikonal corrections to dipole structure functions F_L, F_T and the g1-related asymmetry are derived in a gauge-invariant dipole operator basis, with F_L shown to be finite and the others logarithmically divergent.
Physics-informed neural networks extract a model-independent color dipole amplitude from inclusive HERA data that predicts exclusive J/ψ photoproduction cross-sections without parameter retuning.
Unpolarized GPDs and GTMDs at small x with non-zero skewness are expressed via the dipole amplitude N and odderon O with modified rapidity Y = ln min{1/|x|, 1/|ξ|}.
A light-front Hamiltonian method evolves a quark through Glasma fields to obtain transverse momentum broadening and jet quenching consistent with classical scaling in saturation momentum.
The n-particle gluon radiation spectrum in shockwave scattering is a generalized Susskind-Glogower squeezed coherent state, and multi-graviton radiation follows similarly via double copy, with feasible large squeezing parameters ~ln(n_bar) leading to enhanced quantum noise in gravitational wave sp
JIMWLK evolution produces systematically larger incoherent diffraction cross sections than the Gaussian Approximation in photon-nucleus collisions because the latter is invalid for four-gluon-exchange correlators.
All-order resummation of soft gluons for transverse energy-energy correlators in diffractive dijet production demonstrates sensitivity of acoplanarity to diffractive TMDs.
Quantum systems reach a Maximal Entanglement Limit where entanglement geometry produces thermal reduced density matrices and probabilistic behavior in statistical and high-energy physics.
A Bayesian global fit at full NLO+NLL accuracy extracts the posterior distribution for the non-perturbative initial condition of the NLO Balitsky-Kovchegov equation from HERA inclusive and charm data.
Derives gauge-invariant equations of motion for kinetic and canonical momentum of particles in a classical non-Abelian background, finding that transverse fields contribute to kinetic momentum broadening even in the eikonal limit, and shows that an initial transverse Coulomb gauge reduces numerical
Collinearly improved BK evolution shifts the elliptic node position and alters the rapidity and hard-scale dependence of the coherent dijet cos2φ signal rather than producing a simple normalization change.
EMD-corrected LHC data enables a consistent CGC description of coherent and incoherent diffractive J/ψ production in γ+p and γ+Pb via Bayesian inference from combined HERA and LHC measurements.
A conservative BFKL-aware threshold matching scheme is constructed for the NLO forward jet vertex that resums ordinary endpoint logs, preserves NLO accuracy, and is tested against CMS azimuthal observables, showing internal consistency but no simultaneous improvement across all five moments.
Computes maximum phase-space density of linearly polarized gluon TMD h1^⊥g as ~2 α_s^{-3/2} (dipole) in saturation using Mueller occupancy and prior WW/dipole distributions, with numerical Collins-Soper study.
Proposes construction of the Forward Physics Facility at the HL-LHC with four complementary detectors to exploit forward neutrinos and new-particle fluxes for neutrino, QCD, astroparticle, and dark-matter measurements.
Heavy meson pair correlations in forward pA collisions are computed in the CGC framework with Sudakov resummation, reproducing LHCb data and showing a mass hierarchy in R_pA that strengthens at higher rapidity.
Replacing the rapidity argument of the dipole amplitude with ln min{1/|x|, 1/|ξ|} and refining initial conditions for non-linear evolution can eliminate two R-factors in small-x shockwave calculations.
Multi-differential constraint analysis of Υ(nS) suppression in high-multiplicity pp and pPb collisions favors an early, globally correlated, topology-sensitive mechanism over local-density or total-multiplicity control.
citing papers explorer
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Sub-eikonal stress and model dependence of the small-$x$ gluon D-term
The gluon D-term at small x is a next-to-eikonal stress observable whose sign is not determined by the dipole or saturation profile.
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Emergent Local Phase-Space Scaling in Small-x Gluon Evolution
In the fixed-coupling SO(3)-BK model, Q_s-adaptive coarse graining of the gluon Husimi distribution produces collapse of conditional momentum distributions onto k/Q_s and unit-slope growth of conditional entropy with <ln Q_s²>.
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Energy-Flow Moments for Elliptic Gluon Wigner Tomography
The normalized cos2φ moment of energy flow in DIS dijet production provides a linear projection of the elliptic gluon Wigner harmonic after kinematic subtraction within leading-power small-x factorization.
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The Collins-Soper kernel from a vacuum soft function
The Collins-Soper kernel is extracted from lattice computations of a vacuum soft function, showing rapidity dependence consistent with Collins-Soper evolution, comparable errors to hadronic methods, and saturation at large transverse separations.
-
TMD factorization in diffractive heavy-quark production in photon-nucleus collisions
TMD factorization holds for diffractive massive quark-antiquark-gluon production in the correlation limit, with a new mass-dependent quark diffractive TMD in the antiquark-gluon hard pair case.
-
Full energy fraction and angular dependence of medium-induced splittings in the large-$N_c$ limit
In large-Nc and harmonic oscillator limits, medium-induced splittings are computed analytically double-differential in z and θ, with an improved semi-hard approximation validated for high-energy partons.
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Sub-eikonal Structure of High-Energy Deep-Inelastic Scattering
Sub-eikonal corrections to dipole structure functions F_L, F_T and the g1-related asymmetry are derived in a gauge-invariant dipole operator basis, with F_L shown to be finite and the others logarithmically divergent.
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Extraction of the color dipole amplitude with physics-informed neural networks
Physics-informed neural networks extract a model-independent color dipole amplitude from inclusive HERA data that predicts exclusive J/ψ photoproduction cross-sections without parameter retuning.
-
Unpolarized GPDs at small $x$ and non-zero skewness
Unpolarized GPDs and GTMDs at small x with non-zero skewness are expressed via the dipole amplitude N and odderon O with modified rapidity Y = ln min{1/|x|, 1/|ξ|}.
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Light-front Hamiltonian jet evolution in the Glasma
A light-front Hamiltonian method evolves a quark through Glasma fields to obtain transverse momentum broadening and jet quenching consistent with classical scaling in saturation momentum.
-
Squeezed-state radiation in shockwave scattering: QCD-Gravity double copy
The n-particle gluon radiation spectrum in shockwave scattering is a generalized Susskind-Glogower squeezed coherent state, and multi-graviton radiation follows similarly via double copy, with feasible large squeezing parameters ~ln(n_bar) leading to enhanced quantum noise in gravitational wave sp
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When JIMWLK evolution really matters: the example of incoherent diffraction
JIMWLK evolution produces systematically larger incoherent diffraction cross sections than the Gaussian Approximation in photon-nucleus collisions because the latter is invalid for four-gluon-exchange correlators.
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Azimuthal decorrelation in diffractive dijet production
All-order resummation of soft gluons for transverse energy-energy correlators in diffractive dijet production demonstrates sensitivity of acoplanarity to diffractive TMDs.
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The Maximal Entanglement Limit in Statistical and High Energy Physics
Quantum systems reach a Maximal Entanglement Limit where entanglement geometry produces thermal reduced density matrices and probabilistic behavior in statistical and high-energy physics.
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Confronting Color Glass Condensate at next-to-leading order with HERA data
A Bayesian global fit at full NLO+NLL accuracy extracts the posterior distribution for the non-perturbative initial condition of the NLO Balitsky-Kovchegov equation from HERA inclusive and charm data.
-
Kinetic and canonical momentum broadening in the Glasma
Derives gauge-invariant equations of motion for kinetic and canonical momentum of particles in a classical non-Abelian background, finding that transverse fields contribute to kinetic momentum broadening even in the eikonal limit, and shows that an initial transverse Coulomb gauge reduces numerical
-
Collinearly Improved Balitsky-Kovchegov Evolution of the Gluon Wigner Distribution
Collinearly improved BK evolution shifts the elliptic node position and alters the rapidity and hard-scale dependence of the coherent dijet cos2φ signal rather than producing a simple normalization change.
-
Revisiting the role of saturation in diffractive vector meson production
EMD-corrected LHC data enables a consistent CGC description of coherent and incoherent diffractive J/ψ production in γ+p and γ+Pb via Bayesian inference from combined HERA and LHC measurements.
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Endpoint Logarithms in the NLO Mueller-Navelet Jet Vertex: Threshold Matching and BLM/MOM Prescription Sensitivity
A conservative BFKL-aware threshold matching scheme is constructed for the NLO forward jet vertex that resums ordinary endpoint logs, preserves NLO accuracy, and is tested against CMS azimuthal observables, showing internal consistency but no simultaneous improvement across all five moments.
-
Maximum phase-space density of linearly polarized gluon TMDs in the saturation region
Computes maximum phase-space density of linearly polarized gluon TMD h1^⊥g as ~2 α_s^{-3/2} (dipole) in saturation using Mueller occupancy and prior WW/dipole distributions, with numerical Collins-Soper study.
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Letter of Intent: The Forward Physics Facility
Proposes construction of the Forward Physics Facility at the HL-LHC with four complementary detectors to exploit forward neutrinos and new-particle fluxes for neutrino, QCD, astroparticle, and dark-matter measurements.
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Probing Saturation Effect in Heavy Meson Pair Correlation in Forward $pA$ Collisions
Heavy meson pair correlations in forward pA collisions are computed in the CGC framework with Sudakov resummation, reproducing LHCb data and showing a mass hierarchy in R_pA that strengthens at higher rapidity.
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On the Two $R$-Factors in the Small-$x$ Shockwave Formalism
Replacing the rapidity argument of the dipole amplitude with ln min{1/|x|, 1/|ξ|} and refining initial conditions for non-linear evolution can eliminate two R-factors in small-x shockwave calculations.
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A multi-differential constraint map for quarkonium suppression mechanisms in high-multiplicity pp and pPb collisions
Multi-differential constraint analysis of Υ(nS) suppression in high-multiplicity pp and pPb collisions favors an early, globally correlated, topology-sensitive mechanism over local-density or total-multiplicity control.
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3D Initial-State Dynamics across scales: A Comparative Study of saturation and string-based descriptions
Comparison of SMASH and McDipper initial condition models shows agreement in longitudinal deposition at lower energies but substantial differences in energy and baryon deposition at higher center-of-mass energies.
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Forward hadron production in pp collisions at LHC energies from an event generator based on the color glass condensate framework
MC-CGC simulations with rcBK evolution favor HERA-tuned MV^γ and MV^e initial conditions for LHCb forward hadron data, show kT factorization outperforming DHJ at mid-rapidity, and provide predictions for ALICE FoCal neutral mesons and jets.
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Nuclear structure and saturation effects from diffractive vector meson production
Predictions for vector meson production in light-nucleus UPCs show t-differential observables sensitive to nuclear structure models and saturation suppression that grows with nuclear mass and collision energy.
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Quantum entanglement in electron-nucleus collisions: Role of the linearly polarized gluon distribution
The linearly polarized gluon distribution enhances entanglement of heavy quark pairs in electron-nucleus collisions when total and relative transverse momenta are orthogonal.
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Nuclear Cold QCD: Review and Future Strategy
Review summarizing observed cold nuclear matter modifications in hadron-nucleus collision data and proposing experimental strategies for the EIC to clarify underlying QCD mechanisms.