JWST spectra of six z=5-9 galaxies show low-ionization covering fractions of 0.2-0.9 and diverse kinematics including blueshifted outflows, indicating heterogeneous multiphase ISM.
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representative citing papers
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
Sapphire is a differentiable JAX-based semi-analytic model that computes exact Jacobians of galaxy evolution equations, performs sensitivity analyses and Bayesian inference, and indicates galaxies self-regulate star formation mainly via preventative feedback.
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
A six-parameter function of peak height ν, power spectrum slope n_eff, and growth rate α_eff accurately describes median halo mass accretion rates from simulations in ΛCDM and Einstein-de Sitter cosmologies at z=0-14.
Empirical three-parameter fit to f_esc(M_h,z) yields steep redshift evolution with population-averaged escape fraction rising from ~2% at z=5 to ~9% at z=12.
Reconstruction of GCIMF from present-day systems via environment-dependent mass-loss inversion yields power-law high-mass ends whose slopes correlate with host halo mass.
Corrected empirical limits show the most massive galaxies never exceed the theoretical baryonic maximum of 0.16 times halo virial mass, keeping observations consistent with LambdaCDM at all redshifts.
FRB DMs correlate at 2.6-5 sigma with galaxies, weak lensing, CIB, CMB lensing, tSZ, X-ray clusters, SXRB and radio continuum, consistent with moderate feedback models while ruling out weak feedback at 3.5 sigma via SXRB-DM.
SHAMe-SF modeling of small-scale DESI ELG clustering delivers 6% precision on σ8 and Ωm h², matching full DR1 results with 1% volume.
A Hubble-like sequence of galaxy morphologies exists by redshift 4, with low-mass galaxies as persistent star-forming disks and massive galaxies following either stable disk or rapid compaction-quenching paths.
Star formation histories inferred for z=2-5 massive quiescent galaxies imply past number densities that align with observed rapid evolution since z~7.
Mock catalogs GW-LMC-Space predict 0-131 lensed MBHB events for 4-year LISA (prob. up to 0.3%) and 0-44 for 1-year DECIGO (prob. ~0.15%), with signal overlap noted as common.
BonFIRE and CampFIRE simulations show bursty clustered star formation in early galaxies and predict UV luminosity functions matching observations at faint magnitudes with a turnover at M_UV approx -14 but overpredicting brighter galaxies.
Simulations demonstrate that high-specific-energy supernova outflows sustain hot CGM at virial temperature, raise t_cool/t_ff above 10, and transition dwarf galaxy feedback from ejective to preventive mode around 5 Gyr.
The Big Wheel at z~3 has a stellar-to-halo mass ratio of 0.06, higher than expected, implying efficient stellar assembly without major mergers or instabilities.
A conditional graph neural network serves as an accurate and fast surrogate for semi-analytic galaxy formation models, predicting key properties across cosmic time.
Lambda CDM with the UniverseMachine model on the Uchuu simulation matches JWST/HST UV observations at z=7-14 and predicts star formation efficiency rising to 2-3% by z=10-12.
Convolutional neural networks can infer galaxy cluster virial masses and scale radii from 2D projected position and line-of-sight velocity distributions with nearly unbiased results and reduced scatter when richness is added or training is limited to relaxed systems.
Simulations constrain the mass scale for efficient ISM stripping of dwarf satellites to M_star ≲ 10^7 M_sun in MW-like halos, 0.5-1 dex below observed values, indicating additional quenching mechanisms are needed.
The authors introduce analog matching to generate Roman Space Telescope mock catalogs that reproduce emission-line galaxy statistics and highlight the need to match void properties separately from two-point clustering for CMB cross-correlation studies.
A new halo occupation model called HOMe reproduces the anisotropic clustering of ELGs and LRGs down to 200 h^{-1} kpc scales by sampling satellites from dark matter particle positions and fitting parameters to two-point statistics.
Composite cluster stellar mass functions show marginal M* evolution at high z and a factor of 2.5 growth in stellar mass fraction from z=0.8 to 0.2 after accounting for halo mass growth.
citing papers explorer
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JWST absorption line spectroscopy with SPURS: ISM covering fractions and kinematics in individual galaxies at $z=5-9$
JWST spectra of six z=5-9 galaxies show low-ionization covering fractions of 0.2-0.9 and diverse kinematics including blueshifted outflows, indicating heterogeneous multiphase ISM.
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SDSS-V: Revealing a weak accretion state in X-ray selected red quasars
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
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Resolving the Unresolved Galactic Winds in Multi-phase Models. I. Methodology and Application
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
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Introducing sapphire: Towards Hybrid Physics-Informed, Data-Driven Modeling of Galaxy Formation
Sapphire is a differentiable JAX-based semi-analytic model that computes exact Jacobians of galaxy evolution equations, performs sensitivity analyses and Bayesian inference, and indicates galaxies self-regulate star formation mainly via preventative feedback.
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pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
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A universal model for the accretion rates and formation times of dark matter halos
A six-parameter function of peak height ν, power spectrum slope n_eff, and growth rate α_eff accurately describes median halo mass accretion rates from simulations in ΛCDM and Einstein-de Sitter cosmologies at z=0-14.
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Steep Redshift Evolution of the Ionizing Escape Fraction at $z = 5$--$12$: Empirical Constraints and Comparison with Simulations
Empirical three-parameter fit to f_esc(M_h,z) yields steep redshift evolution with population-averaged escape fraction rising from ~2% at z=5 to ~9% at z=12.
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Reconstructing the Globular Cluster Initial Mass Function from Present-Day Globular Cluster Systems
Reconstruction of GCIMF from present-day systems via environment-dependent mass-loss inversion yields power-law high-mass ends whose slopes correlate with host halo mass.
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Empirical estimates of how massive galaxies can be in {\Lambda}CDM
Corrected empirical limits show the most massive galaxies never exceed the theoretical baryonic maximum of 0.16 times halo virial mass, keeping observations consistent with LambdaCDM at all redshifts.
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Backlighting the Cosmic Web with Fast Radio Bursts: An Anthology of Dispersion Measure Cross-Correlations with Large-Scale Structure and Baryon Tracers
FRB DMs correlate at 2.6-5 sigma with galaxies, weak lensing, CIB, CMB lensing, tSZ, X-ray clusters, SXRB and radio continuum, consistent with moderate feedback models while ruling out weak feedback at 3.5 sigma via SXRB-DM.
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Cosmological constraints from the small scale clustering of Emission Line Galaxies
SHAMe-SF modeling of small-scale DESI ELG clustering delivers 6% precision on σ8 and Ωm h², matching full DR1 results with 1% volume.
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The Hubble sequence in JWST CEERS from unbiased galaxy morphologies
A Hubble-like sequence of galaxy morphologies exists by redshift 4, with low-mass galaxies as persistent star-forming disks and massive galaxies following either stable disk or rapid compaction-quenching paths.
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Winding Back the Clock: Recent Star Formation Histories of Massive Quiescent Galaxies Are Consistent With Their Rapid Number Density Evolution Since $\mathbf{z\sim7}$
Star formation histories inferred for z=2-5 massive quiescent galaxies imply past number densities that align with observed rapid evolution since z~7.
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Mock Catalogs of Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves via a Halo Model Approach with Space-borne Detectors
Mock catalogs GW-LMC-Space predict 0-131 lensed MBHB events for 4-year LISA (prob. up to 0.3%) and 0-44 for 1-year DECIGO (prob. ~0.15%), with signal overlap noted as common.
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Resolving galaxy formation in the early Universe with BonFIRE and CampFIRE
BonFIRE and CampFIRE simulations show bursty clustered star formation in early galaxies and predict UV luminosity functions matching observations at faint magnitudes with a turnover at M_UV approx -14 but overpredicting brighter galaxies.
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How High-Specific-Energy Winds Regulate the Circumgalactic Medium of Dwarf Galaxies
Simulations demonstrate that high-specific-energy supernova outflows sustain hot CGM at virial temperature, raise t_cool/t_ff above 10, and transition dwarf galaxy feedback from ejective to preventive mode around 5 Gyr.
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The galaxy-halo connection and the dynamical evolution of a giant disc in a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z~3
The Big Wheel at z~3 has a stellar-to-halo mass ratio of 0.06, higher than expected, implying efficient stellar assembly without major mergers or instabilities.
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A graph-based Neural Network surrogate model for accelerating semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution
A conditional graph neural network serves as an accurate and fast surrogate for semi-analytic galaxy formation models, predicting key properties across cosmic time.
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Galaxies at z > 10: {\Lambda}CDM predicts increased Star Formation Efficiency
Lambda CDM with the UniverseMachine model on the Uchuu simulation matches JWST/HST UV observations at z=7-14 and predicts star formation efficiency rising to 2-3% by z=10-12.
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Inferring Halo Mass and Scale Radius of Galaxy Clusters Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Uchuu-UniverseMachine Catalogs
Convolutional neural networks can infer galaxy cluster virial masses and scale radii from 2D projected position and line-of-sight velocity distributions with nearly unbiased results and reduced scatter when richness is added or training is limited to relaxed systems.
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Too Big to Quench? I. Constraining ISM Stripping of Dwarf Satellites in Milky Way-like Halos
Simulations constrain the mass scale for efficient ISM stripping of dwarf satellites to M_star ≲ 10^7 M_sun in MW-like halos, 0.5-1 dex below observed values, indicating additional quenching mechanisms are needed.
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Towards precision cosmology with Voids x CMB correlations (I): Roman-Agora mock catalogs and pipeline validation
The authors introduce analog matching to generate Roman Space Telescope mock catalogs that reproduce emission-line galaxy statistics and highlight the need to match void properties separately from two-point clustering for CMB cross-correlation studies.
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ELG$\times$LRG distribution through dark matter halo dynamics
A new halo occupation model called HOMe reproduces the anisotropic clustering of ELGs and LRGs down to 200 h^{-1} kpc scales by sampling satellites from dark matter particle positions and fitting parameters to two-point statistics.
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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: stellar mass growth in massive galaxy clusters from DR5 over the past 7 billion years
Composite cluster stellar mass functions show marginal M* evolution at high z and a factor of 2.5 growth in stellar mass fraction from z=0.8 to 0.2 after accounting for halo mass growth.
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Characterizing the host galaxies and delay times of Ca-rich gap transients vs 91bg-like SNe and normal Type Ia SNe
Ca-rich gap transients and 91bg-like SNe occupy similar massive quiescent host parameter space with peak delay times around 10^4 Myr, unlike normal Type Ia (~10^3 Myr) and Type II (~10 Myr) SNe.
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Build-up and survival of the disc: From numerical models of galaxy formation to the Milky Way
Simulations show that observed rotation in 13.5-Gyr-old alpha-rich stars constrains the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus merger to mass ratios below 1:4, with interaction and starburst times both near 11 Gyr.
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The evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function and star formation rates in the COLIBRE simulations from redshift 17 to 0
COLIBRE simulations match observed galaxy stellar mass functions, star formation rates, and quenched fractions from z=17 to z=0, including JWST massive quiescent galaxies at high redshift.
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Cross-correlations between the CLAMATO Lyman-alpha forest and galaxies within the COSMOS field
Cross-correlation of CLAMATO Lyman-alpha forest with COSMOS galaxies yields stellar-mass-dependent biases of approximately 2.1, 3.2, and 3.8, corresponding to halo masses of log M_h ~ 10.5, 11.7, and 12.1 from Bolshoi-Planck mocks, with hints of enhanced low-mass star formation.
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COLIBRE: calibrating subgrid feedback in cosmological simulations that include a cold gas phase
COLIBRE calibrates supernova and AGN feedback parameters in multi-phase ISM cosmological simulations using emulator-based fitting to reproduce the z=0 galaxy stellar mass function and size-stellar mass relation at three resolutions.
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The NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey in COSMOS: Final 1.2mm and 2mm source catalogs and redshift distribution of dusty star-forming galaxies
The NIKA2 survey delivers catalogs of 323 mm-selected sources in COSMOS with redshifts peaking at z=2.8, including 66 at z>4, matching SIDES simulations but inconsistent with four other galaxy evolution models.
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New constraints on stellar feedback through [O III] emission: interpreting ALMA and JWST observations with SPICE simulations
Simulations show that bursty supernova feedback produces fewer bright [OIII] emitters by z=5 than smooth feedback due to less effective metal enrichment, while [OIII] traces shock-heated and radiatively ionized gas.
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Effects of Varied Cosmic Ray Feedback from AGN on Massive Galaxy Properties
Varied cosmic ray feedback models from AGN in FIRE-3 simulations all quench massive galaxies consistently with observations but produce vastly different circumgalactic medium properties.
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Using SKAO to Understand the Clustering of Gravitational Wave Sources
Forecasts show SKA-Mid cross-correlations with ET/CE gravitational wave events can constrain GW source bias and time-delay distributions.
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GREX-PLUS Science Book v2
GREX-PLUS is a proposed JAXA L-class mission with a 1m cooled telescope, wide-field 2-8um camera, and R=30000 spectrometer in 10-18um to enable studies of z>15 galaxies, protoplanetary snowlines, and related astrophysics.