Recognition: 2 theorem links
· Lean TheoremGWTC-2.1: Deep Extended Catalog of Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run
Pith reviewed 2026-05-16 07:41 UTC · model grok-4.3
The pith
GWTC-2.1 adds eight new high-significance compact binary coalescence candidates from the same 2019 data period.
A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.
Core claim
The authors present a deeper catalog of 44 high-significance compact binary coalescences, including eight not reported in GWTC-2. If astrophysical, these new events increase the total mass range of binary black holes from approximately 14 to 182 solar masses, with GW190426_190642 at the high end and two candidates having primary components in the mass gap predicted by pair-instability supernova theory. They also add two events with mass ratios below 0.65 and 0.44 at 90 percent probability, and find two with positive effective inspiral spins.
What carries the argument
Matched-filter search pipelines applied to the final calibrated strain data, combined with astrophysical probability P_astro > 0.5 to classify candidates.
If this is right
- The observed total mass range for binary black holes extends up to about 182 solar masses.
- Two new candidate events have primary masses falling in the pair-instability supernova mass gap.
- Two additional events with significantly asymmetric mass ratios are identified.
- Two of the new events exhibit positive effective inspiral spins at 90 percent credibility.
Where Pith is reading between the lines
- Confirmation of mass-gap events would tighten constraints on pair-instability supernova models.
- The absence of clearly negative effective spins may favor formation channels that produce aligned spins.
- Deeper catalogs of this kind improve statistical measurements of the compact-object mass and spin distributions.
- The demonstrated noise-subtraction methods could raise detection rates in current and future observing runs.
Load-bearing premise
The astrophysical probability P_astro greater than 0.5 correctly identifies the eight new candidates as real events rather than noise.
What would settle it
An independent reanalysis or follow-up observation that rules out one of the new candidates, such as GW190426_190642, as a noise artifact.
read the original abstract
The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15:00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15:00 UTC. We present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibration and better subtraction of excess noise, which has been publicly released. We employ three matched-filter search pipelines for candidate identification, and estimate the astrophysical probability for each candidate event. While GWTC-2 used a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per year, we include in GWTC-2.1, 1201 candidates that pass a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per day. We calculate the source properties of a subset of 44 high-significance candidates that have an astrophysical probability greater than 0.5. Of these candidates, 36 have been reported in GWTC-2. If the 8 additional high-significance candidates presented here are astrophysical, the mass range of events that are unambiguously identified as binary black holes (both objects $\geq 3M_\odot$) is increased compared to GWTC-2, with total masses from $\sim 14 M_\odot$ for GW190924_021846 to $\sim 182 M_\odot$ for GW190426_190642. The primary components of two new candidate events (GW190403_051519 and GW190426_190642) fall in the mass gap predicted by pair instability supernova theory. We also expand the population of binaries with significantly asymmetric mass ratios reported in GWTC-2 by an additional two events (the mass ratio is less than $0.65$ and $0.44$ at $90\%$ probability for GW190403_051519 and GW190917_114630 respectively), and find that 2 of the 8 new events have effective inspiral spins $\chi_\mathrm{eff} > 0$ (at $90\%$ credibility), while no binary is consistent with $\chi_\mathrm{eff} < 0$ at the same significance.
Editorial analysis
A structured set of objections, weighed in public.
Referee Report
Summary. The manuscript presents GWTC-2.1, an extended catalog of compact binary coalescences from LIGO-Virgo O3a (1 April to 1 October 2019). Using the final public strain data with improved calibration and noise subtraction, three matched-filter pipelines identify 1201 candidates passing a false-alarm-rate threshold of 2 per day. Source properties are reported for the 44 events with astrophysical probability P_astro > 0.5, of which 8 are new relative to GWTC-2. The paper conditionally discusses an expanded binary-black-hole mass range (total masses ~14 to ~182 M_⊙) and additional asymmetric-mass-ratio and positive effective-spin events if the new candidates are astrophysical.
Significance. If the results hold, this catalog update meaningfully enlarges the observed sample of compact binaries, extending the unambiguously identified BBH mass range and adding events near the pair-instability gap and with asymmetric mass ratios. Strengths include reliance on publicly released data, cross-validation across three independent search pipelines, and explicit conditioning of claims on P_astro. The work supplies reproducible posterior samples and population-level implications that directly inform stellar-evolution and supernova models.
minor comments (3)
- [§3.1] §3.1: The description of the improved calibration and excess-noise subtraction would benefit from a short quantitative statement of the reduction in noise power spectral density relative to the version used in GWTC-2.
- [Table 2] Table 2: The 90% credible intervals for the two new mass-gap candidates (GW190403_051519 and GW190426_190642) should be presented with the same number of significant figures as the other events for consistency.
- [§5] §5: The discussion of effective inspiral spin could note whether the two events with χ_eff > 0 at 90% credibility remain significant when the analysis is restricted to the three-pipeline intersection.
Simulated Author's Rebuttal
We thank the referee for their positive review and recommendation to accept the manuscript. We appreciate the recognition that the updated catalog meaningfully enlarges the sample of compact binaries, extends the observed black-hole mass range, and supplies reproducible results that inform stellar-evolution models.
Circularity Check
No significant circularity in observational catalog
full rationale
The paper presents an observational catalog of compact binary coalescence candidates derived from publicly released LIGO/Virgo strain data using three independent matched-filter search pipelines, a lowered false-alarm-rate threshold, and standard astrophysical probability estimation (P_astro). No central claim reduces by the paper's own equations to a quantity defined by a fitted parameter chosen to produce that claim, nor does any load-bearing step rely on self-citation chains or ansatzes imported from prior author work. The mass-range extension is explicitly conditional on the new candidates being astrophysical and follows directly from the reported posterior samples once that external classification is granted. This is the expected non-finding for a data-release catalog paper.
Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger
free parameters (2)
- FAR threshold of 2 per day
- P_astro > 0.5 cutoff
axioms (2)
- domain assumption Residual noise after subtraction is stationary and Gaussian
- domain assumption Waveform models used for parameter estimation accurately represent the signals
Forward citations
Cited by 19 Pith papers
-
GW240925 and GW250207: Astrophysical Calibration of Gravitational-wave Detectors
The first informative astrophysical calibration of gravitational-wave detectors is reported using GW240925 and GW250207.
-
Constraints on the Primordial Black Hole Abundance using Pulsar Parameter Drifts
The first search for scalar-induced gravitational waves via pulsar parameter drifts yields f_PBH < 10^{-10} (95% CL) for PBH masses 0.3 to 4e4 solar masses, strongly disfavoring a primordial black hole origin for LVK ...
-
Testing the Kerr hypothesis beyond the quadrupole with GW241011
GW241011 data shows consistency with Kerr black holes for both quadrupole and octupole moments and delivers the first observational bounds on spin-induced octupole deviations.
-
Population Properties of Binary Black Holes with Eccentricity
First joint population inference on binary black hole eccentricity from GWTC-4 bounds the eccentric branching ratio below 5% at 90% confidence, with results consistent with quasi-circular models but highly model-dependent.
-
Including higher-order modes in a quadrupolar eccentric numerical relativity surrogate using universal eccentric modulation functions
The gwNRHME framework constructs a multi-modal non-spinning eccentric gravitational waveform surrogate by modulating quasi-circular models with universal eccentric functions, achieving median mismatches of ~9e-5 again...
-
Accelerated Time-domain Analysis for Gravitational Wave Astronomy
Presents a practical fully time-domain end-to-end likelihood for gravitational-wave inference with structured linear algebra and GPU acceleration.
-
Mechanical Long Baseline Differential Gradiometers as Low Frequency Gravitational Wave Detectors
A vertical long-wire suspended gradiometer configuration amplifies gravitational wave signals from order h to order h L/D by separating gravitational force from moment of inertia.
-
Second-Generation Mass Peak in the Gravitational-Wave Population as a Probe of Globular Clusters
Dynamical formation in globular clusters produces a robust second black-hole mass peak at ~70 solar masses from second-generation mergers when the first-generation spectrum is truncated by pair-instability supernovae.
-
Posterior Predictive Checks for Gravitational-wave Populations: Limitations and Improvements
Maximum-likelihood-based posterior predictive checks detect model misspecification better than event-level versions for uncertain spin tilts, but current detector sensitivity limits their power; the Gaussian Component...
-
Measurement prospects for the pair-instability mass cutoff with gravitational waves
Simulations show a 40-50 solar-mass black-hole cutoff is not guaranteed to be confidently recovered from GWTC-4-like catalogs, spurious detections are unlikely, and O4 data would reduce cutoff-mass uncertainty by at l...
-
Black Hole Spectroscopy and Tests of General Relativity with GW250114
GW250114 data confirm the remnant is consistent with a Kerr black hole and bound the dominant quadrupolar mode frequency to within a few percent of the GR prediction, with constraints tighter than prior multi-event catalogs.
-
How do the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Heavy Black Holes Form? No evidence for core-collapse Intermediate-mass black holes in GWTC-4
No evidence for core-collapse formed low-spin IMBHs in GWTC-4, with 90% upper limit on merger rate of 0.077 Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, low-spin BH mass truncation at 65 solar masses consistent with pair-instability gap lower e...
-
How do the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Heavy Black Holes Form? No evidence for core-collapse Intermediate-mass black holes in GWTC-4
No evidence for core-collapse IMBHs in GWTC-4; heavy BHs from hierarchical mergers, with low-spin mass distribution truncating at ~65 solar masses and PIMG upper edge estimated at 150 solar masses.
-
Ringdown Analysis of GW250114 with Orthonormal Modes
Orthonormal QNM analysis of GW250114 raises the significance of the first overtone of the ℓ=m=2 mode from 82.5% to 99.9% and detects no significant deviation from Kerr predictions.
-
Probing Kerr Symmetry Breaking with LISA Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals
LISA EMRIs can constrain deviations from Kerr equatorial symmetry to 10^{-2} and axial symmetry to 10^{-3} using Analytic Kludge waveforms and Fisher analysis.
-
Inference of recoil kicks from binary black hole mergers up to GWTC--4 and their astrophysical implications
Recoil kicks are inferred for GWTC-4 binary black hole events with values up to nearly 1000 km/s for some, yielding retention probabilities of 1-5% in globular clusters and 70-100% in elliptical galaxies.
-
Gravitational-wave astronomy requires population-informed parameter estimation
Population-informed hierarchical parameter estimation is required for unbiased astrophysical interpretation of gravitational-wave events rather than using standard individual posteriors with reference priors.
-
GW190711_030756 and GW200114_020818: astrophysical interpretation of two asymmetric binary black hole mergers in the IAS catalog
Two asymmetric BBH mergers are characterized with mass ratios 0.35 and ≤0.20; one shows high spins, negative χ_eff, and strong precession, suggesting an emerging population of massive rapidly spinning systems.
-
Tests of General Relativity with GWTC-3
No evidence for physics beyond general relativity is found in the analysis of 15 GW events from GWTC-3, with consistency in residuals, PN parameters, and remnant properties.
Reference graph
Works this paper leans on
-
[1]
J. Aasi et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration), “Ad- vanced LIGO,” Class. Quantum Grav. 32, 074001 (2015), arXiv:1411.4547 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2015
-
[2]
Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
F. Acernese et al. (Virgo Collaboration), “Advanced Virgo: a second-generation interferometric gravitational wave detector,” Class. Quantum Grav. 32, 024001 (2015), arXiv:1408.3978 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2015
-
[3]
Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration), “Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 (2016), arXiv:1602.03837 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2016
-
[4]
Binary Black Hole Mergers in the first Advanced LIGO Observing Run
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration), “Binary Black Hole Mergers in the first Advanced LIGO Observing Run,” Phys. Rev. X 6, 041015 (2016), [Erratum: Phys. Rev. X 8, 039903 (2018)], arXiv:1606.04856 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2016
-
[5]
GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collabora- tion, Virgo Collaboration), “GW170817: Observa- tion of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 161101 (2017), arXiv:1710.05832 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[6]
Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Fermi GBM, INTEGRAL, Ice- Cube, AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team, IPN, Insight-Hxmt, ANTARES, Swift, AGILE Team, 1M2H Team, Dark Energy Camera GW-EM, DES, DLT40, GRAWITA, Fermi-LAT, ATCA, ASKAP, Las Cumbres Observatory Group, OzGrav, DWF (Deeper Wider Faster Program), AST3,...
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[7]
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration), “GWTC-1: A Gravitational- Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Sec- ond Observing Runs,” Phys. Rev. X 9, 031040 (2019), arXiv:1811.12907 [astro-ph.HE]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[8]
R. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific, Virgo), “GWTC- 2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Ob- serving Run,” Phys. Rev. X 11, 021053 (2021), arXiv:2010.14527 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2021
-
[9]
Alexander H. Nitz, Collin Capano, Alex B. Nielsen, Steven Reyes, Rebecca White, Duncan A. Brown, and Badri Krishnan, “1-OGC: The first open gravitational- wave catalog of binary mergers from analysis of public Advanced LIGO data,” Astrophys. J. 872, 195 (2019), arXiv:1811.01921 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[10]
Sub-threshold binary neutron star search in Advanced LIGO's first observing run
Ryan Magee et al., “Sub-threshold Binary Neutron Star Search in Advanced LIGO’s First Observing Run,” As- trophys. J. 878, L17 (2019), arXiv:1901.09884 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[11]
Tejaswi Venumadhav, Barak Zackay, Javier Roulet, Liang Dai, and Matias Zaldarriaga, “New search pipeline for compact binary mergers: Results for bi- nary black holes in the first observing run of Ad- vanced LIGO,” Phys. Rev. D 100, 023011 (2019), arXiv:1902.10341 [astro-ph.IM]
-
[12]
A Highly Spinning and Aligned Binary Black Hole Merger in the Advanced LIGO First Observing Run
Barak Zackay, Tejaswi Venumadhav, Liang Dai, Javier Roulet, and Matias Zaldarriaga, “Highly spinning and aligned binary black hole merger in the Advanced LIGO first observing run,” Phys. Rev. D 100, 023007 (2019), arXiv:1902.10331 [astro-ph.HE]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[13]
New binary black hole mergers in the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo,
Tejaswi Venumadhav, Barak Zackay, Javier Roulet, Liang Dai, and Matias Zaldarriaga, “New binary black hole mergers in the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo,” Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020), 10.1103/physrevd.101.083030
-
[14]
Alexander H. Nitz, Thomas Dent, Gareth S. Davies, Sumit Kumar, Collin D. Capano, Ian Harry, Si- mone Mozzon, Laura Nuttall, Andrew Lundgren, and M´ arton T´ apai, “2-OGC: Open Gravitational-wave Cat- alog of binary mergers from analysis of public Advanced LIGO and Virgo data,” Astrophys. J. 891, 123 (2019), arXiv:1910.05331 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[15]
Barak Zackay, Liang Dai, Tejaswi Venumadhav, Javier Roulet, and Matias Zaldarriaga, “Detecting gravita- tional waves with disparate detector responses: Two new binary black hole mergers,” Phys. Rev. D 104, 063030 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[16]
Alexander Harvey Nitz and Yi-Fan Wang, “Search for Gravitational Waves from High-Mass-Ratio Compact- Binary Mergers of Stellar Mass and Subsolar Mass Black Holes,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021103 (2021), arXiv:2007.03583 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[17]
3-OGC: Catalog of Gravitational Waves from Compact-binary Mergers,
Alexander H. Nitz, Collin D. Capano, Sumit Kumar, Yi-Fan Wang, Shilpa Kastha, Marlin Sch¨ afer, Rahul Dhurkunde, and Miriam Cabero, “3-OGC: Catalog of Gravitational Waves from Compact-binary Mergers,” Astrophys. J. 922, 76 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[18]
Alexander H. Nitz and Yi-Fan Wang, “Search for Grav- itational Waves from the Coalescence of Subsolar-Mass Binaries in the First Half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s Third Observing Run,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 151101 (2021), arXiv:2106.08979 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[19]
4-OGC: Catalog of gravita- tional waves from compact-binary mergers,
Alexander H. Nitz, Sumit Kumar, Yi-Fan Wang, Shilpa Kastha, Shichao Wu, Marlin Sch¨ afer, Rahul Dhurkunde, and Collin D. Capano, “4-OGC: Catalog of gravita- tional waves from compact-binary mergers,” (2021), arXiv:2112.06878 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[20]
New binary black hole mergers in the LIGO–Virgo O3a data,
Seth Olsen, Tejaswi Venumadhav, Jonathan Mushkin, Javier Roulet, Barak Zackay, and Matias Zaldarriaga, “New binary black hole mergers in the LIGO–Virgo O3a data,” (2022), arXiv:2201.02252 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[21]
Alexander H. Nitz and Yi-Fan Wang, “Broad search for gravitational waves from subsolar-mass binaries through LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run,” (2022), arXiv:2202.11024 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[22]
The astrophysi- cal multimessenger observatory network (amon),
M.W.E. Smith, D.B. Fox, D.F. Cowen, P. M´ esz´ aros, G. Teˇ si´ c, J. Fixelle, I. Bartos, P. Sommers, Abhay Ashtekar, G. Jogesh Babu, et al. , “The astrophysi- cal multimessenger observatory network (amon),” As- 36 troparticle Physics 45, 56–70 (2013)
work page 2013
-
[23]
E. Burns et al. (Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor Team, LIGO Scientific, Virgo), “A Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor Search for Electromagnetic Signals Coinci- dent with Gravitational-Wave Candidates in Advanced LIGO’s First Observing Run,” Astrophys. J. 871, 90 (2019), arXiv:1810.02764 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[24]
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collabo- ration, Trigger Data to Accompany ”GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Bi- nary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs” , Tech. Rep. P1900392 (LIGO DCC, 2020)
work page 2020
-
[25]
Potential Gravitational-wave and Gamma-ray Multi-messenger Candidate from Oct. 30, 2015
Alexander H. Nitz, Alex B. Nielsen, and Collin D. Capano, “Potential Gravitational-wave and Gamma- ray Multi-messenger Candidate from 2015 October 30,” Astrophys. J. Lett. 876, L4 (2019), arXiv:1902.09496 [astro-ph.HE]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2015
-
[26]
Counting And Confusion: Bayesian Rate Estimation With Multiple Populations
Will M. Farr, Jonathan R. Gair, Ilya Mandel, and Curt Cutler, “Counting And Confusion: Bayesian Rate Esti- mation With Multiple Populations,” Phys. Rev. D 91, 023005 (2015), arXiv:1302.5341 [astro-ph.IM]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2015
-
[27]
The Rate of Binary Black Hole Mergers Inferred from Advanced LIGO Observations Surrounding GW150914
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration), “The Rate of Binary Black Hole Mergers Inferred from Advanced LIGO Observations Surrounding GW150914,” Astrophys. J.833, L1 (2016), arXiv:1602.03842 [astro-ph.HE]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2016
-
[28]
B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration), “Supplement: The Rate of Bi- nary Black Hole Mergers Inferred from Advanced LIGO Observations Surrounding GW150914,” Astrophys. J. Suppl. 227, 14 (2016), arXiv:1606.03939 [astro-ph.HE]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2016
-
[29]
R. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific, VIRGO), “Search for Lensing Signatures in the Gravitational-Wave Observations from the First Half of LIGO–Virgo’s Third Observing Run,” Astrophys. J. 923, 14 (2021), arXiv:2105.06384 [gr-qc]
-
[30]
Alvin K. Y. Li, Rico K. L. Lo, Surabhi Sachdev, C. L. Chan, E. T. Lin, Tjonnie G. F. Li, and Alan J. Wein- stein, “Finding diamonds in the rough: Targeted Sub- threshold Search for Strongly-lensed Gravitational-wave Events,” arXiv e-prints (2019), arXiv:1904.06020 [gr- qc]
-
[31]
Connor McIsaac, David Keitel, Thomas Collett, Ian Harry, Simone Mozzon, Oliver Edy, and David Ba- con, “Search for strongly lensed counterpart images of binary black hole mergers in the first two LIGO observing runs,” Phys. Rev. D 102, 084031 (2020), arXiv:1912.05389 [gr-qc]
-
[32]
Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae
S. E. Woosley, “Pulsational Pair-instability Supernovae,” Astrophys. J. 836, 244 (2017), arXiv:1608.08939 [astro-ph.HE]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[33]
The Evolution of Massive Helium Stars Including Mass Loss
S. E. Woosley, “The Evolution of Massive Helium Stars, Including Mass Loss,” Astrophys. J. 878, 49 (2019), arXiv:1901.00215 [astro-ph.SR]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[34]
The Impact of Pair-instability Mass Loss on the Binary Black Hole Mass Distribution,
Simon Stevenson, Matthew Sampson, Jade Powell, Ale- jandro Vigna-G´ omez, Coenraad J. Neijssel, Dorottya Sz´ ecsi, and Ilya Mandel, “The Impact of Pair-instability Mass Loss on the Binary Black Hole Mass Distribution,” Astrophys. J. 882, 121 (2019), arXiv:1904.02821 [astro- ph.HE]
-
[35]
Mind the Gap: The Location of the Lower Edge of the Pair-instability Supernova Black Hole Mass Gap,
R. Farmer, M. Renzo, S. E. de Mink, P. Marchant, and S. Justham, “Mind the Gap: The Location of the Lower Edge of the Pair-instability Supernova Black Hole Mass Gap,” Astrophys. J. 887, 53 (2019), arXiv:1910.12874 [astro-ph.SR]
-
[36]
R. Farmer, M. Renzo, S. E. de Mink, M. Fish- bach, and S. Justham, “Constraints from Gravitational- wave Detections of Binary Black Hole Mergers on the 12C(α, γ)16O Rate,” Astrophys. J. 902, L36 (2020), arXiv:2006.06678 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[37]
Impact of the Rotation and Compactness of Progenitors on the Mass of Black Holes,
Michela Mapelli, Mario Spera, Enrico Montanari, Marco Limongi, Alessandro Chieffi, Nicola Giacobbo, Alessandro Bressan, and Yann Bouffanais, “Impact of the Rotation and Compactness of Progenitors on the Mass of Black Holes,” Astrophys. J. 888, 76 (2020), arXiv:1909.01371 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[38]
The impact of stellar rotation on the black hole mass-gap from pair- instability supernovae,
Pablo Marchant and Takashi Moriya, “The impact of stellar rotation on the black hole mass-gap from pair- instability supernovae,” Astron. Astrophys. 640, L18 (2020), arXiv:2007.06220 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[39]
Guglielmo Costa, Alessandro Bressan, Michela Mapelli, Paola Marigo, Giuliano Iorio, and Mario Spera, “For- mation of GW190521 from stellar evolution: the impact of the hydrogen-rich envelope, dredge-up, and 12C(α, γ)16O rate on the pair-instability black hole mass gap,” Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 501, 4514–4533 (2021), arXiv:2010.02242 [astro-ph.SR]
-
[40]
Is GW190521 the merger of black holes from the first stellar generations?
Eoin Farrell, Jose H. Groh, Raphael Hirschi, Laura Mur- phy, Etienne Kaiser, Sylvia Ekstr¨ om, Cyril Georgy, and Georges Meynet, “Is GW190521 the merger of black holes from the first stellar generations?” Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 502, L40–L44 (2021), arXiv:2009.06585 [astro-ph.SR]
-
[41]
R. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific, Virgo), “GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 Solar Mass Black Hole with a 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Ob- ject,” Astrophys. J. 896, L44 (2020), arXiv:2006.12611 [astro-ph.HE]
-
[42]
Machine-learning non- stationary noise out of gravitational-wave detectors,
Gabriele Vajente, Yiwen Huang, Maximiliano Isi, Jenne C. Driggers, Jeffrey S. Kissel, Marek J. Szczep- anczyk, and Salvatore Vitale, “Machine-learning non- stationary noise out of gravitational-wave detectors,” Phys. Rev. D 101, 042003 (2020), arXiv:1911.09083 [gr- qc]
-
[43]
Regression of Environmental Noise in LIGO Data
Vaibhav Tiwari et al. , “Regression of Environmental Noise in LIGO Data,” Class. Quant. Grav. 32, 165014 (2015), arXiv:1503.07476 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2015
-
[44]
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, “The o3a data release,” Gravitational Wave Open Sci- ence Center (2021), 10.7935/nfnt-hm34
-
[45]
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, “GWTC-2.1: Deep Extended Catalog of Compact Bi- nary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo Dur- ing the First Half of the Third Observing Run - Data Quality Products for GW Searches,” Zenodo (2022), 10.5281/zenodo.6477645
-
[46]
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collabora- tion, “GWTC-2.1: Deep Extended Catalog of Com- pact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run - Glitch modelling for events,” Zenodo (2022), doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6477075
-
[47]
Surabhi Sachdev et al. , “The GstLAL Search Analy- sis Methods for Compact Binary Mergers in Advanced LIGO’s Second and Advanced Virgo’s First Observing Runs,” (2019), arXiv:1901.08580 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[48]
Fast evaluation of multi-detector 37 consistency for real-time gravitational wave searches,
Chad Hanna et al. , “Fast evaluation of multi-detector 37 consistency for real-time gravitational wave searches,” Phys. Rev. D 101, 022003 (2020), arXiv:1901.02227 [gr- qc]
-
[49]
Analysis Framework for the Prompt Discovery of Compact Binary Mergers in Gravitational-wave Data
Cody Messick et al. , “Analysis Framework for the Prompt Discovery of Compact Binary Mergers in Gravitational-wave Data,” Phys. Rev. D 95, 042001 (2017), arXiv:1604.04324 [astro-ph.IM]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[50]
FINDCHIRP: an algorithm for detection of gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries
Bruce Allen, Warren G. Anderson, Patrick R. Brady, Duncan A. Brown, and Jolien D. E. Creighton, “FIND- CHIRP: An Algorithm for detection of gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries,” Phys. Rev. D 85, 122006 (2012), arXiv:gr-qc/0509116 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2012
-
[51]
A chi-squared time-frequency discriminator for gravitational wave detection
Bruce Allen, “χ2 time-frequency discriminator for grav- itational wave detection,” Phys. Rev. D 71, 062001 (2005), arXiv:gr-qc/0405045 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2005
-
[52]
Tito Dal Canton et al. , “Implementing a search for aligned-spin neutron star-black hole systems with ad- vanced ground based gravitational wave detectors,” Phys. Rev. D 90, 082004 (2014), arXiv:1405.6731 [gr- qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2014
-
[53]
The PyCBC search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence
Samantha A. Usman et al. , “The PyCBC search for gravitational waves from compact binary coales- cence,” Class. Quantum Grav. 33, 215004 (2016), arXiv:1508.02357 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2016
-
[54]
Alexander H. Nitz, Thomas Dent, Tito Dal Canton, Stephen Fairhurst, and Duncan A. Brown, “Detect- ing binary compact-object mergers with gravitational waves: Understanding and Improving the sensitivity of the PyCBC search,” Astrophys. J. 849, 118 (2017), arXiv:1705.01513 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[55]
F. Aubin et al., “The MBTA pipeline for detecting com- pact binary coalescences in the third LIGO–Virgo ob- serving run,” Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 095004 (2021), arXiv:2012.11512 [gr-qc]
-
[56]
Geraint Pratten et al., “Computationally efficient mod- els for the dominant and subdominant harmonic modes of precessing binary black holes,” Phys. Rev. D 103, 104056 (2021), arXiv:2004.06503 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2021
-
[57]
Geraint Pratten, Sascha Husa, Cecilio Garcia-Quiros, Marta Colleoni, Antoni Ramos-Buades, Hector Estelles, and Rafel Jaume, “Setting the cornerstone for a family of models for gravitational waves from compact bina- ries: The dominant harmonic for nonprecessing quasi- circular black holes,” Phys. Rev. D 102, 064001 (2020), arXiv:2001.11412 [gr-qc]
-
[58]
Cecilio Garc´ ıa-Quir´ os, Marta Colleoni, Sascha Husa, H´ ector Estell´ es, Geraint Pratten, Antoni Ramos- Buades, Maite Mateu-Lucena, and Rafel Jaume, “Mul- timode frequency-domain model for the gravitational wave signal from nonprecessing black-hole binaries,” Phys. Rev. D 102, 064002 (2020), arXiv:2001.10914 [gr- qc]
-
[59]
Accelerating the eval- uation of inspiral–merger–ringdown waveforms with adapted grids,
Cecilio Garc´ ıa-Quir´ os, Sascha Husa, Maite Mateu- Lucena, and Angela Borchers, “Accelerating the eval- uation of inspiral–merger–ringdown waveforms with adapted grids,” Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 015006 (2021), arXiv:2001.10897 [gr-qc]
-
[60]
Serguei Ossokine et al., “Multipolar Effective-One-Body Waveforms for Precessing Binary Black Holes: Con- struction and Validation,” Phys. Rev. D 102, 044055 (2020), arXiv:2004.09442 [gr-qc]
-
[61]
Stanislav Babak, Andrea Taracchini, and Alessandra Buonanno, “Validating the effective-one-body model of spinning, precessing binary black holes against nu- merical relativity,” Phys. Rev. D 95, 024010 (2017), arXiv:1607.05661 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[62]
Yi Pan, Alessandra Buonanno, Andrea Taracchini, Lawrence E. Kidder, Abdul H. Mrou´ e, Harald P. Pfeif- fer, Mark A. Scheel, and B´ ela Szil´ agyi, “Inspiral- merger-ringdown waveforms of spinning, precessing black-hole binaries in the effective-one-body formalism,” Phys. Rev. D 89, 084006 (2014), arXiv:1307.6232 [gr- qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2014
-
[63]
Enriching the Symphony of Gravi- tational Waves from Binary Black Holes by Tuning Higher Harmonics,
Roberto Cotesta, Alessandra Buonanno, Alejandro Boh´ e, Andrea Taracchini, Ian Hinder, and Ser- guei Ossokine, “Enriching the Symphony of Gravi- tational Waves from Binary Black Holes by Tuning Higher Harmonics,” Phys. Rev. D 98, 084028 (2018), arXiv:1803.10701 [gr-qc]
-
[64]
Tim Dietrich, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, and Wolfgang Tichy, “Closed-form tidal approximants for binary neu- tron star gravitational waveforms constructed from high-resolution numerical relativity simulations,” Phys. Rev. D 96, 121501 (2017), arXiv:1706.02969 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2017
-
[65]
Matter imprints in waveform models for neutron star binaries: tidal and self-spin effects
Tim Dietrich et al., “Matter imprints in waveform mod- els for neutron star binaries: Tidal and self-spin effects,” Phys. Rev. D 99, 024029 (2019), arXiv:1804.02235 [gr- qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[66]
R. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific, Virgo, KAGRA), “GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run,” (2021), arXiv:2111.03606 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2021
-
[67]
B. P. Abbott et al. (KAGRA, LIGO Scientific, Virgo), “Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational- wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA,” Living Rev. Rel. 21, 3 (2018), arXiv:1304.0670 [gr-qc]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2018
-
[68]
Sensitivity and Perfor- mance of the Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Third Observing Run,
Aaron Buikema et al. (aLIGO), “Sensitivity and Perfor- mance of the Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Third Observing Run,” Phys. Rev. D 102, 062003 (2020), arXiv:2008.01301 [astro-ph.IM]
-
[69]
Suppress- ing parametric instabilities in LIGO using low-noise acoustic mode dampers,
S. Biscans, S. Gras, C. D. Blair, J. Driggers, M. Evans, P. Fritschel, T. Hardwick, and G. Mansell, “Suppress- ing parametric instabilities in LIGO using low-noise acoustic mode dampers,” Phys. Rev. D 100, 122003 (2019), arXiv:1909.07805 [physics.app-ph]
-
[70]
Quantum-Enhanced Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astron- omy,
M. Tse et al. , “Quantum-Enhanced Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astron- omy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 231107 (2019)
work page 2019
-
[71]
Reducing scattered light in LIGO’s third observing run,
S. Soni et al. (LIGO), “Reducing scattered light in LIGO’s third observing run,” Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 025016 (2020), arXiv:2007.14876 [astro-ph.IM]
-
[72]
Dis- tance measures in gravitational-wave astrophysics and cosmology,
Hsin-Yu Chen, Daniel E. Holz, John Miller, Matthew Evans, Salvatore Vitale, and Jolien Creighton, “Dis- tance measures in gravitational-wave astrophysics and cosmology,” Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 055010 (2021), arXiv:1709.08079 [astro-ph.CO]
-
[73]
The Advanced Virgo monolithic fused silica suspension,
D. Aisa et al. , “The Advanced Virgo monolithic fused silica suspension,” Proceedings, 13th Pisa Meet- ing on Advanced Detectors : Frontier Detectors for Frontier Physics (FDFP 2015): La Biodola, Isola d’Elba, Italy, 2015, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A824 (2016), 10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.037
-
[74]
F. Acernese et al. (Virgo Collaboration), “Increasing the Astrophysical Reach of the Advanced Virgo Detector via the Application of Squeezed Vacuum States of Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 231108 (2019)
work page 2019
-
[75]
M. Blom et al. , “Vertical and Horizontal Seismic Iso- 38 lation Performance of the Advanced Virgo External Injection Bench Seismic Attenuation System,” Pro- ceedings, 13th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP 2013): Asilomar, CA, USA, 2013 , Phys. Procedia 61 (2015), 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.064
-
[76]
Characterization of systematic error in Advanced LIGO calibration,
Ling Sun et al., “Characterization of systematic error in Advanced LIGO calibration,” Class. Quant. Grav. 37, 225008 (2020), arXiv:2005.02531 [astro-ph.IM]
-
[77]
F. Acernese et al. (VIRGO), “Calibration of Advanced Virgo and reconstruction of detector strain h(t) during the Observing Run O3,” Class. Quant. Grav.39, 045006 (2022), arXiv:2107.03294 [gr-qc]
-
[78]
The Advanced Virgo Photon Calibrators,
D. Estevez, P. Lagabbe, A. Masserot, L. Rolland, M. Seglar-Arroyo, and D. Verkindt, “The Advanced Virgo Photon Calibrators,” Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 075007 (2021), arXiv:2009.08103 [astro-ph.IM]
-
[79]
Improving the Sensitivity of Advanced LIGO Using Noise Subtraction
D. Davis, T. J. Massinger, A. P. Lundgren, J. C. Drig- gers, A. L. Urban, and L. K. Nuttall, “Improving the Sensitivity of Advanced LIGO Using Noise Sub- traction,” Class. Quantum Grav. 36, 055011 (2019), arXiv:1809.05348 [astro-ph.IM]
work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv 2019
-
[80]
Subtracting Narrow-band Noise from LIGO Strain Data in the Third Observing Run,
A. Viets and M. Wade, “Subtracting Narrow-band Noise from LIGO Strain Data in the Third Observing Run,” (2021), https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-T2100058/public
work page 2021
discussion (0)
Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.