Stacking of DESI quasar spectra reveals strong, localized Hα emission aligned with radio jet axes around radio galaxies, indicating anisotropic jet-CGM interaction.
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43 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 3,513 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
43
Pith papers citing it
3,513
external citations · Pith
abstract
Starburst99 is a comprehensive set of model predictions for spectrophotometric and related properties of galaxies with active star formation. The models are an improved and extended version of the data set previously published by Leitherer & Heckman (1995). We have upgraded our code by implementing the latest set of stellar evolution models of the Geneva group and the model atmosphere grid compiled by Lejeune et al. (1997). Several predictions which were not included in the previous publication are shown here for the first time. The models are presented in a homogeneous way for five metallicities between Z = 0.040 and 0.001 and three choices of the initial mass function. The age coverage is 10^6 to 10^9 yr. We also show the spectral energy distributions which are used to compute colors and other quantities. The full data set is available for retrieval at http://www.stsci.edu/science/starburst99/. This website allows users to run specific models with non-standard parameters as well. We also make the source code available to the community.
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representative citing papers
GraphNPE recovers a significantly lower central density for Boötes I consistent with a core while Draco remains marginally cuspy, and demonstrates that higher-order velocity moments reduce bias in dynamical modeling.
New template-fitting selection yields 241 BH*-dominated LRD candidates at z~1.7-9.3 with number density peaking at z~5-6, demonstrating persistence to lower redshifts.
JWST MIRI observations of 634 galaxies at 0.2<z<2 yield IR luminosity functions with faint-end slope α≈0.147, implying lower dust-obscured SFRD than previous ALMA/Herschel/Spitzer studies.
Simultaneous measurement of low- and high-mass IMF slopes in 214 star-forming galaxies reveals diversity, weak correlation between ends, and links to stellar mass, star formation rate, and metallicity.
JWST spectra of six z=5-9 galaxies show low-ionization covering fractions of 0.2-0.9 and diverse kinematics including blueshifted outflows, indicating heterogeneous multiphase ISM.
Measures a new nebular attenuation curve from 1400-9550 Å for galaxy GOODSN-17940 at z=4.41 that is steeper than Milky Way/SMC/Calzetti at long wavelengths, similar in blue-optical, and shallower in UV with no 2175 Å bump.
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
Spectroscopic observations of six low-mass, metal-poor SLSN host galaxies reveal slow stellar-wind-driven outflows with velocities 37-104 km/s and mass-loading factors below 1 in the earliest phases of star formation.
Little Red Dots show soft ionizing spectra consistent with massive stars, based on high H-alpha EWs and low HeII/H-beta ratios that rule out hard AGN spectra via Cloudy modeling.
Galaxies become less concentrated, more asymmetric and less clumpy toward lower stellar masses, with bar fraction declining to zero near 10^8 solar masses and CAS parameters losing separating power in the dwarf regime.
New spectral models of solar-metallicity stellar populations using POSYDON show binary-stripped stars dominating ionizing radiation after about 16 Myr.
High-resolution zoom-in simulation of a z~10 galaxy produces over 10^5 star clusters with scale-free mass function, 90% of star formation in clusters, global SFE 0.2-0.3, and reproduces JWST super-bright galaxies via feedback-free bursts.
New NIR diagnostic diagrams using [C I]/Paγ and H2 1-0 O(5)/PAH 3.3μm ratios correlate with radiation field hardness and distinguish star formation, AGN, and shock excitation in galaxy nuclei.
Rest-frame UV spectra of two z~8.7 galaxies reveal strong P-Cygni wind profiles and HeII emission best reproduced by stellar population models that include very massive stars, implying an IMF extending beyond 100 solar masses.
Bursty stellar feedback produces systematically flatter metallicity gradients than smooth feedback in high-redshift galaxies across multiple simulation suites.
FIRE-2 simulations find metallicity gradients in EoR galaxies flatten from median -0.15 dex/kpc at z~10 to -0.1 at z~6, with positive correlations to stellar mass and gas flow proxy Δv/2σ and links to central SFR density.
Abundance analysis of 84 type-2 AGNs finds oversolar He and subsolar O at z>2.8, including one object at z=6.26 with record He abundance of 12+log(He/H)=11.64, plus marginal trends of declining He/H and rising O/H toward z=0.
FIRE-3 cosmological simulations of Seyfert galaxies produce episodic AGN feedback and gas clearing but no clear anti-correlation between nuclear gas concentration and AGN luminosity, highlighting timing mismatches with observations.
SED fitting of star clusters in NGC 628 identifies an evolutionary sequence from embedded young clusters to visible ones with a photo-dissociation region clearing timescale of approximately 4 Myr.
Bayesian IMF-aware inference on NGC 1569 clusters yields correlations between cluster mass-function truncation mass, galactocentric distance, metallicity, and gas ionization state.
PSD modeling of SFR scatter at six timescales shows dominant variability on 10-30 Myr scales, stronger in lower-mass galaxies at z=3-8.
HST photometry reveals radial color gradients in two ETGs that match predictions from the multiple-population scenario linking the UV upturn to second-generation stars from dissolved globular clusters.
citing papers explorer
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Dark Matter in Draco and Bo\"otes I: Hints of a Core in an Ultra-Faint Dwarf from Simulation-Based Inference
GraphNPE recovers a significantly lower central density for Boötes I consistent with a core while Draco remains marginally cuspy, and demonstrates that higher-order velocity moments reduce bias in dynamical modeling.
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Black Hole Stars Across the Universe: Identifying Central Engine Dominated Little Red Dots at $z\sim1.5-9.5$
New template-fitting selection yields 241 BH*-dominated LRD candidates at z~1.7-9.3 with number density peaking at z~5-6, demonstrating persistence to lower redshifts.
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MEGA and SMILES Find Fewer Dusty Galaxies than Expected at Cosmic Noon
JWST MIRI observations of 634 galaxies at 0.2<z<2 yield IR luminosity functions with faint-end slope α≈0.147, implying lower dust-obscured SFRD than previous ALMA/Herschel/Spitzer studies.
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Hector Galaxy Survey: Linking the low- and high-mass ends of the initial mass function in star-forming galaxies
Simultaneous measurement of low- and high-mass IMF slopes in 214 star-forming galaxies reveals diversity, weak correlation between ends, and links to stellar mass, star formation rate, and metallicity.
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JWST absorption line spectroscopy with SPURS: ISM covering fractions and kinematics in individual galaxies at $z=5-9$
JWST spectra of six z=5-9 galaxies show low-ionization covering fractions of 0.2-0.9 and diverse kinematics including blueshifted outflows, indicating heterogeneous multiphase ISM.
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A Census of Na D-traced neutral ISM and outflows at $0.6<z<4$
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
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Witnessing the onset of stellar winds in Super-Luminous Supernova Hosts: implications for star-formation-driven outflows in low and high-redshift galaxies
Spectroscopic observations of six low-mass, metal-poor SLSN host galaxies reveal slow stellar-wind-driven outflows with velocities 37-104 km/s and mass-loading factors below 1 in the earliest phases of star formation.
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The Missing Hard Photons of Little Red Dots: Their Incident Ionizing Spectra Resemble Massive Stars
Little Red Dots show soft ionizing spectra consistent with massive stars, based on high H-alpha EWs and low HeII/H-beta ratios that rule out hard AGN spectra via Cloudy modeling.
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Global trends in morphology from massive to dwarf galaxies
Galaxies become less concentrated, more asymmetric and less clumpy toward lower stellar masses, with bar fraction declining to zero near 10^8 solar masses and CAS parameters losing separating power in the dwarf regime.
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Stellar Population Spectra Incorporating Detailed Binary Evolution using POSYDON
New spectral models of solar-metallicity stellar populations using POSYDON show binary-stripped stars dominating ionizing radiation after about 16 Myr.
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Feedback-Free Star Formation in Clusters within a Galaxy Simulated at High Resolution in Cosmic Dawn
High-resolution zoom-in simulation of a z~10 galaxy produces over 10^5 star clusters with scale-free mass function, 90% of star formation in clusters, global SFE 0.2-0.3, and reproduces JWST super-bright galaxies via feedback-free bursts.
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Near-infrared diagnostic diagrams of the gas ionization sources in nearby galaxies: a JWST NIRSpec view
New NIR diagnostic diagrams using [C I]/Paγ and H2 1-0 O(5)/PAH 3.3μm ratios correlate with radiation field hardness and distinguish star formation, AGN, and shock excitation in galaxy nuclei.
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Signatures of Very Massive Stars in the Epoch of Reionization
Rest-frame UV spectra of two z~8.7 galaxies reveal strong P-Cygni wind profiles and HeII emission best reproduced by stellar population models that include very massive stars, implying an IMF extending beyond 100 solar masses.
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Metallicity Gradients in Modern Cosmological Simulations II: The Role of Bursty Versus Smooth Feedback at High-Redshift
Bursty stellar feedback produces systematically flatter metallicity gradients than smooth feedback in high-redshift galaxies across multiple simulation suites.
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Galaxy Metallicity Gradients in the Reionization Epoch from the FIRE-2 Simulations
FIRE-2 simulations find metallicity gradients in EoR galaxies flatten from median -0.15 dex/kpc at z~10 to -0.1 at z~6, with positive correlations to stellar mass and gas flow proxy Δv/2σ and links to central SFR density.
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Cosmic evolution of the helium and oxygen abundances in type 2 Active Galactic Nuclei: Helium-loud AGNs
Abundance analysis of 84 type-2 AGNs finds oversolar He and subsolar O at z>2.8, including one object at z=6.26 with record He abundance of 12+log(He/H)=11.64, plus marginal trends of declining He/H and rising O/H toward z=0.
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Investigating black hole accretion and feedback self-regulation in Seyfert galaxies using the FIRE-3 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations
FIRE-3 cosmological simulations of Seyfert galaxies produce episodic AGN feedback and gas clearing but no clear anti-correlation between nuclear gas concentration and AGN luminosity, highlighting timing mismatches with observations.
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Feedback in Extragalactic Star Clusters (FEAST): Spectral Energy Distributions and the Physical Properties of Star Clusters in NGC 628 with CIGALE
SED fitting of star clusters in NGC 628 identifies an evolutionary sequence from embedded young clusters to visible ones with a photo-dissociation region clearing timescale of approximately 4 Myr.
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Getting to know the Stellar Clusters in NGC 1569: Bayesian inference of stellar cluster properties in a dwarf starburst galaxy
Bayesian IMF-aware inference on NGC 1569 clusters yields correlations between cluster mass-function truncation mass, galactocentric distance, metallicity, and gas ionization state.
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Star-formation variability on the star-forming main sequence during the Epoch of Reionization
PSD modeling of SFR scatter at six timescales shows dominant variability on 10-30 Myr scales, stronger in lower-mass galaxies at z=3-8.
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A Colour-colour Fingerprint Links the UV Upturn in Early-type Galaxies to Second-generation Stars from Dissolved Globular Clusters
HST photometry reveals radial color gradients in two ETGs that match predictions from the multiple-population scenario linking the UV upturn to second-generation stars from dissolved globular clusters.
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Spectroscopic characterization of Young Stellar Populations and their Feedback in NGC 5253
New spectroscopic data on young clusters in NGC 5253 indicate younger ages than photometric estimates and reveal correlations between outflow velocities and cluster properties, showing supernova feedback active at ages over 5 Myr in a 0.3 solar metallicity environment.
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How High-Specific-Energy Winds Regulate the Circumgalactic Medium of Dwarf Galaxies
Simulations demonstrate that high-specific-energy supernova outflows sustain hot CGM at virial temperature, raise t_cool/t_ff above 10, and transition dwarf galaxy feedback from ejective to preventive mode around 5 Gyr.
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Introducing the Lumina project: large-volume radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of the epochs of hydrogen and helium reionization
Lumina runs a 500 cMpc radiation-hydrodynamic simulation combining IllustrisTNG galaxy formation with six-bin M1 radiation transport to predict late stellar-driven HI reionization ending around z=4.75 and AGN-driven HeII reionization nearly complete by z=3.
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The Simulated Oxygen Shortage (SOS): Mapping the Missing OVI in Simulated Dwarf Galaxies to Subgrid Physics
The paper identifies underproduction of oxygen in low-mass simulated dwarf galaxies as the likely cause of missing OVI in the CGM, based on comparisons across two simulation suites.
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Stellar feedback drives the baryon deficiency in low-mass galaxies
Stacking DESI spectra reveals star-formation-driven Mg II outflows from low-mass galaxies that escape dark matter halos, providing indirect evidence that stellar feedback causes baryon deficiency.
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Imprints of energy injection by compact dark stars in the 21-cm signal
Compact dark stars from asymmetric dark matter may inject energy that significantly deviates the 21-cm brightness temperature evolution from standard cosmology, offering a new probe for particle dark matter.
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Radial redistribution of stellar orbits in FIRE simulations of Milky-Way-mass galaxies
FIRE-2 simulations show that stellar radial redistribution scatter saturates at ~2 kpc for stars older than ~3 Gyr, with net orbital changes depending on age and current radius, broadly matching Milky Way observations.
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Jet-driven shocks and turbulence in radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei observed with JWST MIRI/MRS
JWST spectroscopy reveals radio jets in nearby AGN drive multiphase ISM turbulence and shock-dominated H2 excitation both along and perpendicular to the jet direction.
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Caught in the act: interaction-driven evolution in the nearby compact galaxy group Roberts Quartet (SCG0018-4854)
Multiwavelength study of Roberts Quartet finds it is a dynamically young compact group with ongoing interactions driving galaxy evolution on timescales of <=500 Myr.
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Probing the Nature of Lyman Continuum Emitting and Low-metallicity Galaxies Using the SKA
SKA-Mid is predicted to yield samples of 10-100 low-metallicity Lyman continuum emitting galaxies per square degree, enabling multi-wavelength studies of feedback processes linked to ionizing photon escape.
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Initial Mass Functions of Young Stellar Clusters from the Gemini Spectroscopic Survey of Nearby Galaxies. II. Young Clusters in NGC 1313
Spectroscopic fitting of 11 clusters in NGC 1313 yields top-light IMFs (flatter than Salpeter/Kroupa for >0.8 Msun) that correlate with higher cluster mass.
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The role of major mergers in triggering super-Eddington accretion
High-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations find that major mergers do not trigger sustained super-Eddington black hole accretion in low-mass halos when feedback is included; episodes occur only immediately after seeding or with feedback disabled.
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First Light And Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) XXI: The UV Indices of Galaxies in the Early Universe
Simulations of high-redshift galaxies show the 1719 Å UV index reliably traces stellar metallicity while others are more sensitive to star formation history.
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Unmasking Stellar Feedback-Driven Bubbles: Identification and Properties Analysis
Simulations of an NGC 300-like galaxy find exponential distributions of feedback-driven bubble lifetimes and sizes that increase with galactocentric radius, plus matching Hα predictions.
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Dwarf Galaxies Hosting Extreme Star-Forming Regions and (Variable) AGNs at Radio Wavelengths
Dwarf galaxies host compact thermal HII regions powered by up to 100,000 O-type stars and exhibit radio variability consistent with AGNs.
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Probing power spectrum enhancement at small scales with the SKA
Small-scale power spectrum boosts alter ionization morphology enough that 21 cm power spectra and bubble sizes remain distinguishable from Lambda CDM under current constraints, offering SKA a probe for such deviations.
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Investigating the young stellar populations and hierarchies in nearby galaxies with the UVIT. II. Presenting the properties of ~25,000 UV-detected star-forming clumps
Catalog of ~25,000 UV-detected star-forming clumps with age estimates in 17 nearby galaxies using UVIT data and public data release.