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REBOUND: An open-source multi-purpose N-body code for collisional dynamics

17 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 1,022 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.

17 Pith papers citing it
1,022 external citations · Pith
abstract

REBOUND is a new multi-purpose N-body code which is freely available under an open-source license. It was designed for collisional dynamics such as planetary rings but can also solve the classical N-body problem. It is highly modular and can be customized easily to work on a wide variety of different problems in astrophysics and beyond. REBOUND comes with three symplectic integrators: leap-frog, the symplectic epicycle integrator (SEI) and a Wisdom-Holman mapping (WH). It supports open, periodic and shearing-sheet boundary conditions. REBOUND can use a Barnes-Hut tree to calculate both self-gravity and collisions. These modules are fully parallelized with MPI as well as OpenMP. The former makes use of a static domain decomposition and a distributed essential tree. Two new collision detection modules based on a plane-sweep algorithm are also implemented. The performance of the plane-sweep algorithm is superior to a tree code for simulations in which one dimension is much longer than the other two and in simulations which are quasi-two dimensional with less than one million particles. In this work, we discuss the different algorithms implemented in REBOUND, the philosophy behind the code's structure as well as implementation specific details of the different modules. We present results of accuracy and scaling tests which show that the code can run efficiently on both desktop machines and large computing clusters.

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2026 17

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representative citing papers

Suppression of Resonant Overstability at Sharp Migration Gradients

astro-ph.EP · 2026-04-28 · conditional · novelty 7.0

Sharp migration-rate gradients in protoplanetary disks quench resonant overstability when the dimensionless steepness parameter β exceeds the ratio of semi-major axis to eccentricity evolution timescales.

Orbital Stability of Closely-Spaced Four-planet Systems

astro-ph.EP · 2026-01-16 · accept · novelty 5.0

Four-planet systems exhibit exponentially increasing lifetimes with orbital spacing, intermediate between three- and five-planet systems, with resonances causing shorter lifetimes and third-order MMRs adding destabilization near certain spacings.

Terrestrial planet formation in the era of GPU computing

astro-ph.EP · 2026-04-10 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

GPU-accelerated N-body simulations show that the common acceleration factor f distorts planetary chemical compositions and that terrestrial planets can form resonant chains without gas-driven orbital migration.

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Showing 17 of 17 citing papers.