Introduces the TVR active viewpoint-matching task and TVRBench indoor simulation benchmark, where foundation models start at low single-digit success rates but reach 51.4% after visual-action SFT and multi-turn GRPO post-training.
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GPT-4o System Card
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abstract
GPT-4o is an autoregressive omni model that accepts as input any combination of text, audio, image, and video, and generates any combination of text, audio, and image outputs. It's trained end-to-end across text, vision, and audio, meaning all inputs and outputs are processed by the same neural network. GPT-4o can respond to audio inputs in as little as 232 milliseconds, with an average of 320 milliseconds, which is similar to human response time in conversation. It matches GPT-4 Turbo performance on text in English and code, with significant improvement on text in non-English languages, while also being much faster and 50\% cheaper in the API. GPT-4o is especially better at vision and audio understanding compared to existing models. In line with our commitment to building AI safely and consistent with our voluntary commitments to the White House, we are sharing the GPT-4o System Card, which includes our Preparedness Framework evaluations. In this System Card, we provide a detailed look at GPT-4o's capabilities, limitations, and safety evaluations across multiple categories, focusing on speech-to-speech while also evaluating text and image capabilities, and measures we've implemented to ensure the model is safe and aligned. We also include third-party assessments on dangerous capabilities, as well as discussion of potential societal impacts of GPT-4o's text and vision capabilities.
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- abstract GPT-4o is an autoregressive omni model that accepts as input any combination of text, audio, image, and video, and generates any combination of text, audio, and image outputs. It's trained end-to-end across text, vision, and audio, meaning all inputs and outputs are processed by the same neural network. GPT-4o can respond to audio inputs in as little as 232 milliseconds, with an average of 320 milliseconds, which is similar to human response time in conversation. It matches GPT-4 Turbo performance on text in English and code, with significant improvement on text in non-English languages, while
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representative citing papers
VideoFDB is a new benchmark and LM-as-judge framework for evaluating full-duplex audio-visual-to-audio-visual conversational agents on nonverbal dynamics from real video calls.
M³Att poisons medical multimodal RAG by pairing covert textual misinformation with query-agnostic visual perturbations that increase retrieval of the bad content, causing LLMs to generate clinically plausible but incorrect responses.
MLLMs exhibit a Mirage effect by bypassing circuit diagrams in favor of header semantics for Verilog generation; VeriGround with identifier anonymization and D-ORPO training reaches 46% Functional Pass@1 while refusing blank images at >92%.
CHASM is a new benchmark dataset showing that existing multimodal large language models fail to reliably detect covert advertisements on Chinese social media even after fine-tuning.
HalluAudio is the first large-scale benchmark spanning speech, environmental sound, and music that uses human-verified QA pairs, adversarial prompts, and mixed-audio tests to measure hallucinations in large audio-language models.
EVE enables verifiable self-evolution of MLLMs by using a Challenger-Solver architecture to generate dynamic executable visual transformations that produce VQA problems with absolute execution-verified ground truth.
Harmful skills in open agent ecosystems raise average harm scores from 0.27 to 0.76 across six LLMs by lowering refusal rates when tasks are presented via pre-installed skills.
ReConText3D is the first replay-memory framework for continual text-to-3D generation that prevents catastrophic forgetting on new textual categories while preserving quality on previously seen classes.
MMRareBench provides 1,756 QA pairs and 7,958 images from PMC rare-disease cases to evaluate 23 MLLMs, revealing low treatment-planning scores and medical models underperforming general models on multi-image tasks due to capacity dilution.
DialBGM is a new benchmark dataset revealing that existing AI models fall far short of human performance when recommending fitting background music for open-domain conversations.
EgoSound is a new benchmark with 7315 QA pairs across seven tasks to evaluate egocentric sound understanding in multimodal large language models.
VLRS-Bench is the first benchmark dedicated to complex vision-language reasoning in remote sensing, with 2000 QA pairs across 14 tasks in cognition, decision, and prediction dimensions.
SwissGov-RSD is the first naturalistic cross-lingual document-level benchmark with human token-level semantic difference annotations, on which both LLMs and encoders show a large performance gap relative to simpler settings.
CritPt benchmark shows state-of-the-art LLMs reach only 5.7% average accuracy on full-scale unpublished physics research tasks, rising to about 10% with coding tools.
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LiveBench is a contamination-limited LLM benchmark with auto-scored challenging tasks from recent sources across math, coding, reasoning and more, where top models score below 70%.
CrypFormBench is a new benchmark jointly covering symbolic and computational security to evaluate LLMs on five formal analysis capabilities, with results showing top model Claude-3.5 scores 48.7/100 and most models struggling on generation, transformation, and correction.
SafeGen-Bench is a benchmark with 10 malicious categories that evaluates conditional T2V models on paired start frames and text prompts, finding unsafety scores up to 44.5 and 80% guardrail failure rate.
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DeepLatent introduces a parallel latent visual reasoning framework with learnable 2D tokens and continuous RL, trained via distillation then RL, plus a new 180K dataset, claiming SOTA benchmark results.
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The paper delivers the first theoretical analysis and practical zeroth-order framework for algorithmic recourse under in-context learning for tabular prediction.
citing papers explorer
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From Mirage to Grounding: Towards Reliable Multimodal Circuit-to-Verilog Code Generation
MLLMs exhibit a Mirage effect by bypassing circuit diagrams in favor of header semantics for Verilog generation; VeriGround with identifier anonymization and D-ORPO training reaches 46% Functional Pass@1 while refusing blank images at >92%.
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SkillOps: Managing LLM Agent Skill Libraries as Self-Maintaining Software Ecosystems
SkillOps maintains LLM skill libraries via Skill Contracts and ecosystem graphs, raising ALFWorld task success to 79.5% as a standalone agent and improving retrieval baselines by up to 2.9 points with near-zero library-time LLM cost.
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POSTCONDBENCH: Benchmarking Correctness and Completeness in Formal Postcondition Inference
POSTCONDBENCH is a new multilingual benchmark that evaluates LLM postcondition generation on real code using defect discrimination to assess completeness beyond surface matching.
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ClozeMaster: Fuzzing Rust Compiler by Harnessing LLMs for Infilling Masked Real Programs
ClozeMaster masks bracketed structures in historical Rust bug code and uses LLMs to infill them, generating test programs that discovered 27 confirmed bugs in rustc and mrustc while outperforming existing fuzzers.
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Figma2Code: Automating Multimodal Design to Code in the Wild
The paper defines the Figma2Code task, releases a curated multimodal dataset from real Figma files, and benchmarks MLLMs to reveal that visual fidelity is achievable but responsive layouts and maintainable code remain weak.
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SCOPE: A Dataset of Stereotyped Prompts for Counterfactual Fairness Assessment of LLMs
SCOPE is a new large-scale dataset of counterfactual prompt pairs for evaluating fairness and stereotype sensitivity in LLMs across 1,438 topics, nine bias dimensions, 1,536 groups, and four communicative intents.
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MetaLint: Easy-to-Hard Generalization for Code Linting
MetaLint uses meta-learning to let models generalize from easy synthetic linting data to hard human-curated best practices, yielding large F-score gains on a new PEP-inspired benchmark.
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SWE-RL: Advancing LLM Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning on Open Software Evolution
SWE-RL uses RL on software evolution data to train LLMs achieving 41% on SWE-bench Verified with generalization to other reasoning tasks.
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Probing Privacy Leaks in LLM-based Code Generation via Test Generation
A test-driven pipeline with an auto-constructed privacy feature library detects 2.56 times more confirmed privacy leaks in LLM-based code generation than existing baselines.
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ClarifySTL: An Interactive LLM Agent Framework for STL Transformation through Requirements Clarification
ClarifySTL uses LLM agents to interactively detect and resolve vagueness and ambiguity in natural language requirements via clarification queries before generating STL formulas, with evaluations on existing and new benchmarks showing effectiveness.
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MEMCoder: Multi-dimensional Evolving Memory for Private-Library-Oriented Code Generation
MEMCoder boosts LLM code generation for private libraries by 16.31% pass@1 via a multi-dimensional evolving memory that distills usage guidelines from execution feedback and combines them with static docs.
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Evaluating Assurance Cases as Text-Attributed Graphs for Structure and Provenance Analysis
Graph neural networks on assurance case graphs reach 0.76 ROC-AUC for link prediction and 0.94 F1 for distinguishing human from LLM-generated cases, with observed differences in hierarchical linking patterns.
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AnomalyGen: Enhancing Log-Based Anomaly Detection with Code-Guided Data Augmentation
AnomalyGen synthesizes realistic labeled log sequences from source code via Log-Oriented Control Flow Graphs and LLM CoT verification to boost F1 scores of 12 anomaly detection models on HDFS and Zookeeper.
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LLMs for Qualitative Data Analysis Fail on Security-specificComments in Human Experiments
LLMs improve with detailed code descriptions but remain insufficient to replace human annotators for security-specific qualitative coding.
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Can Old Tests Do New Tricks for Resolving SWE Issues?
TestPrune minimizes regression test suites to improve bug reproduction and patch validation in LLM-based agentic repair pipelines, delivering 6-13% relative gains on SWE-Bench benchmarks at low API cost.
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Multi-LLM Orchestration for High-Quality Code Generation: Exploiting Complementary Model Strengths
PerfOrch is a four-agent multi-LLM system that uses offline profiling to build language-and-category rankings for routing tasks, achieving 97.19% and 95.83% pass@1 on HumanEval-X and EffiBench-X with generalization across benchmarks.
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Not All RAGs Are Created Equal: A Component-Wise Empirical Study for Software Engineering Tasks
Retriever-side choices, particularly the retrieval algorithm, exert more influence on RAG performance than generator selection across code generation, summarization, and repair tasks.
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Document Retrieval Augmented Fine-Tuning (DRAFT) for safety-critical software assessments
DRAFT fine-tunes LLMs with a dual-retrieval architecture and semi-automated datasets containing distractors to achieve 7% higher correctness in safety compliance assessments.
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Architectural Constraints Alignment in AI-assisted, Platform-based Service Development
A retrieval-augmented scaffolding method using template retrieval and agentic clarification loops improves architectural consistency and deployability of AI-generated services over standard AI code generation.
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Human-aligned AI Model Cards with Weighted Hierarchy Architecture
Introduces CRAI-MCF, an eight-module framework distilling 217 parameters from 240 projects into a quantitative sufficiency criterion for cross-model LLM comparison grounded in Value Sensitive Design.
- Restructure This: Using AI to Restructure Onboarding Documents to Reduce Cognitive Overload