SOFIA observations provide the first experimental magnetic-dipole hyperfine constants for [13C II] and refined centroid frequency using astronomical data.
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representative citing papers
TopoFisher optimizes trainable filtrations, vectorizations, and compressors in persistent homology to maximize Fisher information, yielding higher information than fixed cosmological summaries and approaching neural baselines with far fewer parameters while generalizing better under simulator shifts
Methyl carbamate is detected for the first time in interstellar space toward G358.93-0.03 MM1, with a column density of (4.21±0.84)×10^15 cm^{-2} at 204 K, while glycine and other C2H5O2N isomers remain undetected.
JWST and ALMA data provide the earliest direct evidence of ram-pressure stripping in a post-starburst galaxy at z=3.06, implying the process can quench star formation in nascent groups at z>3.
Tilted supercritical accretion disks around black holes can accrete mass at rates up to ten times the Eddington limit due to standing shocks, unlike untilted disks that respect the limit.
Self-consistent simulations reveal that reverse shocks in GRB photospheres stay radiation-mediated down to optical depths of a few tenths, with photons decoupling over a broad radial range and forming a quasi-thermal post-cursor.
First public GPU-accelerated pulse-profile modeling code for X-ray millisecond pulsars that delivers 10^3–10^4 speedups to 2–5 ms per evaluation at 10^{-3} relative accuracy and removes an interpolation bias in atmosphere tables.
The eRASS1 data release catalogs nearly 930,000 X-ray sources from the first six months of the eROSITA survey, increasing known sources by over 60% and resolving 20% of the 1-2 keV cosmic X-ray background.
X-ray reverberation lags are used to measure the mass of the stellar-mass black hole Cygnus X-1 for the first time.
A new redshift-correlation technique with third-generation GW detectors can constrain the BNS contribution to cosmic r-process nucleosynthesis to 5-6% precision via Fisher forecasts on mock bright- and dark-siren data.
TESS data show stochastic low-frequency variability dominates in most extreme helium stars, with characteristic timescales of 0.5-10 days correlating to stellar parameters and matching subsurface convection predictions.
Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
Global 3D hydrodynamical simulations show that a turbulence-driven deflagration-to-detonation transition produces nearly identical peak spectra across diverse ignition densities and topologies in near-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs, matching SN 1999aa.
The survey identifies 27 low-redshift LRDs with compact morphology, V-shaped continua, broad Balmer lines with extreme decrements, and ubiquitous outflows, matching high-z counterparts and yielding a number density lower limit of 7.5e-10 cMpc^-3.
AGN dust tori can form tens of millions of planetesimals from Earth to super-Jupiter masses via streaming instability, with continued growth to stellar masses through pebble and gas accretion.
Future subhalos show a pre-infall bias to higher progenitor masses, modeled in extended Press-Schechter theory by multiplying the collapse barrier by β(x,a)=(1-x)^{1.20+0.14a} for M200c, leading to 10-15% higher central concentration.
Velocity-resolved [O I] maps of the Orion BN/KL outflow yield a total luminosity of 86.5 L_sun and line ratios indicating dense (10^5–10^6 cm^-3), warm (~500 K) postshock gas from 30–40 km/s dissociative J-type shocks illuminated by external UV.
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
A soft-spectrum PULX candidate is reported in Cen A but XMM-SAS randomisation during data reduction renders the marginal 1.27 Hz pulsation detection unreliable across repeated reductions.
Improved fitting functions for P_θθ(k) and P_δθ(k) parametrized by σ12 achieve 1-2% accuracy across cosmologies and outperform existing prescriptions.
High-resolution interferometric imaging of eight post-AGB circumbinary discs reveals diverse inner-rim substructures including azimuthal brightness enhancements and arc-like features not explained by inclination alone.
A new three-point inverse solution using the α-β model reconstructs meteoroid masses and bulk densities from limited fireball observations, achieving 88% convergence on the EN catalog and producing a continuous density range of 300-4000 kg m^{-3} instead of discrete PE categories.
Stellar stream curvature constrains dark matter halo axis ratios and orientations in external galaxies, with some streams excluding broad ranges of flattenings while all support spherical halos for fixed flattening directions.
Lumen modeling of IllustrisTNG50 shows that high ionization parameters from massive star clusters plus enhanced nitrogen abundances are needed to reproduce the extreme [OIII]/Hβ, [OIII]/[OII], and [NII]/Hα ratios seen in z>3 galaxies.
citing papers explorer
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Space as a spectroscopic laboratory: High-resolution spectroscopy of the [$^{13}$C II] hyperfine structure with SOFIA/upGREAT
SOFIA observations provide the first experimental magnetic-dipole hyperfine constants for [13C II] and refined centroid frequency using astronomical data.
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TopoFisher: Learning Topological Summary Statistics by Maximizing Fisher Information
TopoFisher optimizes trainable filtrations, vectorizations, and compressors in persistent homology to maximize Fisher information, yielding higher information than fixed cosmological summaries and approaching neural baselines with far fewer parameters while generalizing better under simulator shifts
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First Interstellar Detection of Methyl Carbamate: A New Observational Anchor for Glycine Chemistry
Methyl carbamate is detected for the first time in interstellar space toward G358.93-0.03 MM1, with a column density of (4.21±0.84)×10^15 cm^{-2} at 204 K, while glycine and other C2H5O2N isomers remain undetected.
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A Post-starburst Galaxy Undergoing Ram-pressure Stripping at Redshift 3.06
JWST and ALMA data provide the earliest direct evidence of ram-pressure stripping in a post-starburst galaxy at z=3.06, implying the process can quench star formation in nascent groups at z>3.
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The nature of tilted supercritical accretion discs
Tilted supercritical accretion disks around black holes can accrete mass at rates up to ten times the Eddington limit due to standing shocks, unlike untilted disks that respect the limit.
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From Internal Collision to Photon Escape: First-Principles Modeling of Radiation-Mediated Shocks in Gamma-Ray Burst Photospheres
Self-consistent simulations reveal that reverse shocks in GRB photospheres stay radiation-mediated down to optical depths of a few tenths, with photons decoupling over a broad radial range and forming a quasi-thermal post-cursor.
-
GPU-Accelerated X-ray Pulse Profile Modeling
First public GPU-accelerated pulse-profile modeling code for X-ray millisecond pulsars that delivers 10^3–10^4 speedups to 2–5 ms per evaluation at 10^{-3} relative accuracy and removes an interpolation bias in atmosphere tables.
-
The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: First X-ray catalogues and data release of the western Galactic hemisphere
The eRASS1 data release catalogs nearly 930,000 X-ray sources from the first six months of the eROSITA survey, increasing known sources by over 60% and resolving 20% of the 1-2 keV cosmic X-ray background.
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An X-ray reverberation mass measurement of Cygnus X-1
X-ray reverberation lags are used to measure the mass of the stellar-mass black hole Cygnus X-1 for the first time.
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Inferring the role of binary neutron star mergers in r-process nucleosynthesis with multi-messenger observations using Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope
A new redshift-correlation technique with third-generation GW detectors can constrain the BNS contribution to cosmic r-process nucleosynthesis to 5-6% precision via Fisher forecasts on mock bright- and dark-siren data.
-
TESS Observations of Stochastic Low-frequency Variability in Extreme Helium Stars
TESS data show stochastic low-frequency variability dominates in most extreme helium stars, with characteristic timescales of 0.5-10 days correlating to stellar parameters and matching subsurface convection predictions.
-
\texttt{calypso}: a Parameter-Conditioned Stochastic Surrogate Model for Circumbinary Accretion Time-Series
Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
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(LRDs)$^2$: The Low-ReDshift Little Red Dots Survey. II. DESI DR1 Sample
The survey identifies 27 low-redshift LRDs with compact morphology, V-shaped continua, broad Balmer lines with extreme decrements, and ubiquitous outflows, matching high-z counterparts and yielding a number density lower limit of 7.5e-10 cMpc^-3.
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First-Principles Turbulence-Driven Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition Mechanism for Near-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Progenitors
Global 3D hydrodynamical simulations show that a turbulence-driven deflagration-to-detonation transition produces nearly identical peak spectra across diverse ignition densities and topologies in near-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs, matching SN 1999aa.
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Active Galactic Nucleus Tori: Potential Birthplace to Millions of Planets
AGN dust tori can form tens of millions of planetesimals from Earth to super-Jupiter masses via streaming instability, with continued growth to stellar masses through pebble and gas accretion.
-
The pre-infall bias of subhalos
Future subhalos show a pre-infall bias to higher progenitor masses, modeled in extended Press-Schechter theory by multiplying the collapse barrier by β(x,a)=(1-x)^{1.20+0.14a} for M200c, leading to 10-15% higher central concentration.
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Velocity-resolved [O I] 63,145 um, [C II] 158 um, and OH line mapping along the Orion BN/KL explosive outflow and irradiated shocks
Velocity-resolved [O I] maps of the Orion BN/KL outflow yield a total luminosity of 86.5 L_sun and line ratios indicating dense (10^5–10^6 cm^-3), warm (~500 K) postshock gas from 30–40 km/s dissociative J-type shocks illuminated by external UV.
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SDSS-V: Revealing a weak accretion state in X-ray selected red quasars
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
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Significant or Not? The Impact of Randomisation During Data Reduction on Confirming a New Pulsating Ultraluminous X-ray Source Candidate in Centaurus A
A soft-spectrum PULX candidate is reported in Cen A but XMM-SAS randomisation during data reduction renders the marginal 1.27 Hz pulsation detection unreliable across repeated reductions.
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Improved recipes for peculiar velocity power spectra using Evolution Mapping
Improved fitting functions for P_θθ(k) and P_δθ(k) parametrized by σ12 achieve 1-2% accuracy across cosmologies and outperform existing prescriptions.
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VLTI/PIONIER imaging of post-AGB binaries. An INSPIRING hunt for inner rim substructures in circumbinary discs
High-resolution interferometric imaging of eight post-AGB circumbinary discs reveals diverse inner-rim substructures including azimuthal brightness enhancements and arc-like features not explained by inclination alone.
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Consistency between dynamical modeling and photometrically derived masses of fireballs
A new three-point inverse solution using the α-β model reconstructs meteoroid masses and bulk densities from limited fireball observations, achieving 88% convergence on the EN catalog and producing a continuous density range of 300-4000 kg m^{-3} instead of discrete PE categories.
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Potamides: Mapping Dark Matter Halo Shapes from Stellar Stream Tracks in the Local Universe
Stellar stream curvature constrains dark matter halo axis ratios and orientations in external galaxies, with some streams excluding broad ranges of flattenings while all support spherical halos for fixed flattening directions.
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Origins of Extreme Emission-Line Ratios in z > 3 Galaxies: Insights from the Lumen Model
Lumen modeling of IllustrisTNG50 shows that high ionization parameters from massive star clusters plus enhanced nitrogen abundances are needed to reproduce the extreme [OIII]/Hβ, [OIII]/[OII], and [NII]/Hα ratios seen in z>3 galaxies.
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White dwarf + M dwarf Detached Binaries in Long Period Radio Transients: Observed Binary Parameters, Evolution, and Population Constraints
Two long period radio transients are detached white dwarf-M dwarf binaries with matching periods, massive cool crystallized white dwarfs, low inclinations, and an estimated population of 100-2000 such systems within 2 kpc.
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A Census of Na D-traced neutral ISM and outflows at $0.6<z<4$
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
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Persistence of the Millihertz X-ray Quasi-Periodic Oscillation in the Active Galactic Nucleus 1ES 1927+654
The mHz QPO in 1ES 1927+654 has persisted and stabilized at ~2.5 mHz with stable soft lags, no strong harmonic, and repeatable large-amplitude flux patterns, also seen in NuSTAR.
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A Falsifiable Timing Test for the Double-White-Dwarf Model of Long-Period Transients
The double-white-dwarf model for sources like CHIME/ILT J1634+44 predicts a beat-period drift of |P_b dot| ~ 10^{-10} s s^{-1}, producing tens of seconds of O-C timing drift in one year and enabling a minimal falsifiable test via joint period and derivative measurements.
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Tracing Active Galactic Nuclei Properties Through a Changing-look Event
A changing-look AGN exhibits a rapid accretion-driven spectral transition with broad-line region temperatures of approximately 11,800 K measured via Boltzmann plots and stable black hole mass estimates of 5 times 10 to the 7 solar masses across epochs.
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Universal Dark-matter Density Profiles of Cosmic Filaments
Filament dark matter density profiles become nearly universal when scaled by terminal halo virial radii, with the inner cusp produced by embedded halos and the smooth component showing a flat core that evolves from smooth to clumpy accretion.
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Characterizing the Gamma-ray Emission from Low-Luminosity AGN
Fermi-LAT data shows gamma-ray emission from low-luminosity AGN with the subthreshold population signal consistent with star-formation dominance and individually detected sources likely powered by jets via synchrotron self-Compton emission under weakly magnetized particle-dominated conditions.
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The RRATalog: a Galactic census of rotating radio transients
RRATs number up to 400000 in the Galaxy with a birth rate of at most 1.4 per century, comparable in size to pulsars at high luminosities and consistent with supernova rates.
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How Overmassive Black Holes Formed at Cosmic Dawn
Direct collapse black holes born at z=25.7 grow at half-Eddington rate to produce overmassive black hole galaxies at z~10 with M_BH/M_* ~0.01, matching JWST observations of GN-z11, UHZ1, and GHZ9 through initial star-formation suppression and later Pop III supernova metal blowout.
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Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS Observed from Mars by China's Tianwen-1 Spacecraft
Tianwen-1 provided the first out-of-plane imaging of 3I/ATLAS, indicating large dust grains (hundreds of micrometers) ejected at 3-10 m/s with steady-state outflow and a mass loss rate of about 1000 kg/s.
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Active Galactic Nuclei-driven Metallicity Enrichment in the Interstellar Medium of Mrk 573
AGN activity in Mrk 573 enriches the surrounding gas with metals up to several times solar abundance on 100-parsec scales via outflows and jets.
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The Quasar Proximity Effect as an Alternative Probe of Quasar Pair Distances
Synthetic proximity-zone spectra plus a simple peak-finding algorithm can distinguish line-of-sight separations of quasar pairs at the 0.2–0.5 pMpc level for sky separations of 10–100 pkpc and still separate close versus distant pairs at 1 pMpc sky separation.
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Spectral Appearance of Self-gravitating Disks Powered by Stellar Objects: Universal Effective Temperature in the Optical Continuum and Application to Little Red Dots
Self-gravitating disks heated by stars reach a universal optical effective temperature of 4000-4500 K independent of accretion rate, black hole mass, and viscosity, explaining Little Red Dots.
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A Shocked Wind Interpretation of an Odd Radio Circle
Spectroscopic data indicate that the ionized gas in ORC4's central galaxy is shock-ionized by a wind associated with the radio ring's formation.
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Determining the spatial origin of X-ray and optical emission in the $z = 3.1$ strongly lensed radio-quiet quasar GraL J065904.1+162909 to hundreds of parsecs
A lens model from Gaia DR3 and HST data combined with a Bayesian test on Chandra observations constrains the X-ray emission origin in lensed quasar J0659 to a 0.020 × 0.010 arcsec ellipse offset 0.014 arcsec from the optical source at 1σ.
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pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
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The Fraction of Clumpy Galaxies in JADES over $2<z<9$
JWST data show the clumpy galaxy fraction increasing from ~10% at z~7.75 to ~70% at z~2.75 for log(M*/Msun) >=9, with mass dependence and suggested formation mechanisms differing by epoch.
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Hitting the slopes: A spectroscopic view of UV continuum slopes of galaxies reveals a reddening at z > 9.5
JWST spectroscopy of 295 galaxies at 5.5 < z < 14.3 shows UV slope beta reddening at z > 9.5, with lack of dust as the main driver of bluer values and nebular continuum at T > 15,000 K able to reproduce the observed range without dust.
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An extremely bright slow-rising afterglow from an off-axis jet in GRB 260310A
Multi-wavelength data on GRB 260310A support an off-axis jet model explaining weak prompt emission and bright delayed afterglow, including reverse-shock signatures and late X-ray rebrightening.
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Milky Way Mapper decoded abundances -- II: From patterns to paths
Reprojects abundances of 199k stars into 4 patterns, identifying enrichment pathways with strong chemo-spatial, age, and vertical correlations plus a transition at ~6 Gyr.
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Decomposing cool stellar populations with H-band spectral fluctuations: Long-period variable stars in NGC 5128 and carbon stars in NGC 5102
PCA of H-band IFU pixel spectra decomposes cool stellar populations in NGC 5128 and NGC 5102, identifying M-giant, long-period variable, and carbon star contributions.
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Spider-Webb: enhanced star formation in low-mass galaxies within the Spiderweb protocluster revealed by JWST Pa$\beta$ narrow-band imaging
Low-mass Paβ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster show enhanced star formation rates compared to field galaxies, with no significant deviation at higher masses.
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Dynamical Cluster Assembly Framework (D-CAF): The Link Between Star Cluster Formation and Expansion Rates
D-CAF simulations show that ongoing gas collapse during star formation shortens stellar crossing times, rendering gas expulsion more adiabatic and thereby regulating the survival and expansion rates of young stellar systems.
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Exoplanets in ancient stellar populations: occurrence constraints and hot-Jupiter candidates in the Galactic halo
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
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Low-Luminosity Type IIP Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe. III: Hunting for electron-capture supernovae using nebular spectroscopy
Nebular spectroscopy of low-luminosity Type IIP SNe from ZTF identifies two plausible ECSN candidates but derives an upper limit on the ECSN rate of ≲(5–8)×10² Gpc⁻³ yr⁻¹ implying a sAGB mass window narrower than 0.06 M⊙.
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Chemistry and IR emission of acetylene in planet-forming regions of T Tauri disks. Impact of elemental abundances and dust properties
DALI modeling with updated warm chemistry finds C2H2/H2O IR flux ratio in T Tauri disks is sensitive to C/O, total O/H, and small-grain abundance, with JWST data suggesting sub-unity C/O and common enhanced O/H.