First observational detection of the moving lens effect via cross-correlation of ACT CMB temperature with DESI galaxies, yielding amplitude b_ML = 1.24 ± 0.26 at 4.8σ consistent with halo-model prediction.
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LSST Science Book, Version 2.0
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abstract
A survey that can cover the sky in optical bands over wide fields to faint magnitudes with a fast cadence will enable many of the exciting science opportunities of the next decade. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will have an effective aperture of 6.7 meters and an imaging camera with field of view of 9.6 deg^2, and will be devoted to a ten-year imaging survey over 20,000 deg^2 south of +15 deg. Each pointing will be imaged 2000 times with fifteen second exposures in six broad bands from 0.35 to 1.1 microns, to a total point-source depth of r~27.5. The LSST Science Book describes the basic parameters of the LSST hardware, software, and observing plans. The book discusses educational and outreach opportunities, then goes on to describe a broad range of science that LSST will revolutionize: mapping the inner and outer Solar System, stellar populations in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies, the structure of the Milky Way disk and halo and other objects in the Local Volume, transient and variable objects both at low and high redshift, and the properties of normal and active galaxies at low and high redshift. It then turns to far-field cosmological topics, exploring properties of supernovae to z~1, strong and weak lensing, the large-scale distribution of galaxies and baryon oscillations, and how these different probes may be combined to constrain cosmological models and the physics of dark energy.
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representative citing papers
Simulations forecast that 10 years of Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer data could detect the cosmic dipole magnitude using strongly lensed GW events, with tighter bounds from combining double, triple, and quadruple lensed systems.
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
Multi-band EBL intensity mapping cross-correlated with cosmic shear and galaxy clustering recovers IHL, IGL, and EoR parameters with 10-35% smaller uncertainties than intensity mapping alone.
SN 2025ogs is a spectroscopically normal Type Ia supernova at z=2.05 whose luminosity distance and properties are consistent with low-z standards and current LambdaCDM constraints.
Exhaustive symbolic regression on mock weak lensing excess surface density data recovers NFW profiles at 5% fractional errors with as few as 20 clusters but favors simpler functions at higher uncertainties because errors are smallest in the outskirts.
CosmoGen employs evolutionary algorithms for symbolic regression to generate dark energy fluid models that alleviate S8 and H0 tensions, with Bayesian analysis of one model showing tension relief though weaker preference than LambdaCDM.
DESI DR2 and ACT DR6 data yield 17σ LRG-velocity, 8.3σ ELG-velocity, and 6.8σ QSO-velocity detections plus a 3.1σ velocity-velocity signal, producing f_NL^loc = 15.9_{-34.4}^{+34.6} from the velocity field.
Analysis of 107 matched strong-lensing and supernova pairs with lens-specific luminosity slopes finds that free stellar anisotropy is statistically required and reveals negative redshift evolution in early-type galaxy density profiles.
Compressing SN Ia distance-redshift data to eleven Gaussian log r_p(z) points with covariance is shown to be operationally lossless for cosmological inference across multiple models and datasets.
The GW-galaxy cross-correlation method, unified with spectral sirens in a harmonic framework, can measure H0 to 1% and Omega_m to 5% precision with 2 years of data from next-generation detectors like Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer.
AKRA produces the first unbiased kappa maps from HSC Y1 shear catalogs, with simulation tests confirming no bias in power spectrum, variance, skewness, and PDF statistics.
The parity-odd intrinsic alignment power spectrum probes the collapsed limit of the parity-odd primordial trispectrum and can tighten constraints on parity-violating PNG when bias parameters are calibrated from N-body simulations.
LSST will image 18,000 square degrees of sky about 800 times across six bands over 10 years to a coadded depth of r~27.5, producing a public database of 40 billion objects and 32 trillion observations.
KNN imputation gives highest photo-z accuracy under ideal random missingness with complete training data, while SAITS is more robust for incomplete training sets and realistic mixed missingness patterns in CSST data.
Fisher forecasts show the weak lensing bispectrum reduces errors on CPL w0 and IDE coupling parameters but leaves f(R) scalaron constraints essentially unchanged after full marginalization over nuisance parameters.
IRMaGiC extends redMaGiC to z=1-2 using joint LSST optical and Roman infrared data, reducing photo-z scatter and bias for LRGs.
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
Forecasts that cross-correlating 3G GW dark sirens with CSST photometric galaxies yields 1.04% precision on H0 and 2.04% on Omega_m while also constraining GW clustering bias.
Edge discontinuities in coadds cause significant shear biases only in extreme cases such as two-input-image stacks or 25% PSF size jumps, and these cases can be flagged and removed with a simple PSF variation statistic.
Quadratic estimator reconstructs kSZ remote dipole from Planck and unWISE data with S/N of order unity, constrains multiplicative optical depth bias b_v < 1.04 at 68% confidence after foreground cleaning.
BayeSN analysis of ZTF Type Ia supernovae confirms a ~0.1 mag intrinsic environmental step in standardized brightness that is not explained by differences in dust extinction properties.
A neural spline flow pipeline performs amortized inference on millihertz MBHB signals, delivering ~20 deg² pre-merger sky localizations in ~1 minute while matching PTMCMC sky modes and parameter uncertainties.
Calibration uncertainties during supernova light-curve fitting cause roughly 50% degradation in dark energy figure of merit for Stage IV surveys, dominating over 13% degradation from model training errors and showing near-degeneracy with cosmology.
citing papers explorer
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First detection of the moving lens effect with ACT and DESI LS
First observational detection of the moving lens effect via cross-correlation of ACT CMB temperature with DESI galaxies, yielding amplitude b_ML = 1.24 ± 0.26 at 4.8σ consistent with halo-model prediction.
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Prospect of Measuring the Cosmic Dipole by Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves Associated with Galaxy Surveys
Simulations forecast that 10 years of Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer data could detect the cosmic dipole magnitude using strongly lensed GW events, with tighter bounds from combining double, triple, and quadruple lensed systems.
-
SDSS-V: Revealing a weak accretion state in X-ray selected red quasars
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
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Euclid preparation. Decomposing components of the extragalactic background light using multi-band intensity mapping cross-correlations
Multi-band EBL intensity mapping cross-correlated with cosmic shear and galaxy clustering recovers IHL, IGL, and EoR parameters with 10-35% smaller uncertainties than intensity mapping alone.
-
SN 2025ogs: A Spectroscopically-Normal Type Ia Supernova at z = 2 as a Benchmark for Redshift Evolution
SN 2025ogs is a spectroscopically normal Type Ia supernova at z=2.05 whose luminosity distance and properties are consistent with low-z standards and current LambdaCDM constraints.
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Constraining dark matter halo profiles with symbolic regression
Exhaustive symbolic regression on mock weak lensing excess surface density data recovers NFW profiles at 5% fractional errors with as few as 20 clusters but favors simpler functions at higher uncertainties because errors are smallest in the outskirts.
-
CosmoGen: A genetic algorithm framework for the exploration of dark energy dynamics
CosmoGen employs evolutionary algorithms for symbolic regression to generate dark energy fluid models that alleviate S8 and H0 tensions, with Bayesian analysis of one model showing tension relief though weaker preference than LambdaCDM.
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Measurement of the galaxy-velocity power spectrum of DESI tracers with the kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect using DESI DR2 and ACT DR6
DESI DR2 and ACT DR6 data yield 17σ LRG-velocity, 8.3σ ELG-velocity, and 6.8σ QSO-velocity detections plus a 3.1σ velocity-velocity signal, producing f_NL^loc = 15.9_{-34.4}^{+34.6} from the velocity field.
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Reassessing the Statistical Necessity of Stellar Velocity Anisotropy in Strong-Lensing Cosmology with Lens-by-Lens Photometric Constraints
Analysis of 107 matched strong-lensing and supernova pairs with lens-specific luminosity slopes finds that free stellar anisotropy is statistically required and reveals negative redshift evolution in early-type galaxy density profiles.
-
Lossless Compression of Cosmological Information from Type Ia Supernova Distance Measurements
Compressing SN Ia distance-redshift data to eleven Gaussian log r_p(z) points with covariance is shown to be operationally lossless for cosmological inference across multiple models and datasets.
-
A unified harmonic framework for dark siren cosmology
The GW-galaxy cross-correlation method, unified with spectral sirens in a harmonic framework, can measure H0 to 1% and Omega_m to 5% precision with 2 years of data from next-generation detectors like Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer.
-
The first AKRA mass map reconstruction from HSC Y1 data
AKRA produces the first unbiased kappa maps from HSC Y1 shear catalogs, with simulation tests confirming no bias in power spectrum, variance, skewness, and PDF statistics.
-
Parity Violation in Galaxy Shapes: Primordial Non-Gaussianity
The parity-odd intrinsic alignment power spectrum probes the collapsed limit of the parity-odd primordial trispectrum and can tighten constraints on parity-violating PNG when bias parameters are calibrated from N-body simulations.
-
LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
LSST will image 18,000 square degrees of sky about 800 times across six bands over 10 years to a coadded depth of r~27.5, producing a public database of 40 billion objects and 32 trillion observations.
-
Comparative analysis of missing data imputation methods for CSST survey: Impact on photometric redshift estimation performance
KNN imputation gives highest photo-z accuracy under ideal random missingness with complete training data, while SAITS is more robust for incomplete training sets and realistic mixed missingness patterns in CSST data.
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Exploring Beyond {\Lambda}CDM with the Weak Lensing Power Spectrum and Bispectrum
Fisher forecasts show the weak lensing bispectrum reduces errors on CPL w0 and IDE coupling parameters but leaves f(R) scalaron constraints essentially unchanged after full marginalization over nuisance parameters.
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IRMaGiC: Extending Luminous Red Galaxy Selection into the Infrared with Joint Rubin Observatory's Large Survey of Space Time and Roman's High Latitude Imaging Survey
IRMaGiC extends redMaGiC to z=1-2 using joint LSST optical and Roman infrared data, reducing photo-z scatter and bias for LRGs.
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Probing Dark Energy Microphysics with kSZ Tomography
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
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Synergy between CSST and third-generation gravitational-wave detectors: Inferring cosmological parameters using cross-correlation of dark sirens and galaxies
Forecasts that cross-correlating 3G GW dark sirens with CSST photometric galaxies yields 1.04% precision on H0 and 2.04% on Omega_m while also constraining GW clustering bias.
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Edges In Coadded Images
Edge discontinuities in coadds cause significant shear biases only in extreme cases such as two-input-image stacks or 25% PSF size jumps, and these cases can be flagged and removed with a simple PSF variation statistic.
-
Kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dovich velocity reconstruction from Planck and unWISE
Quadratic estimator reconstructs kSZ remote dipole from Planck and unWISE data with S/N of order unity, constrains multiplicative optical depth bias b_v < 1.04 at 68% confidence after foreground cleaning.
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On the origin of the environmental step: A BayeSN view of the ZTF SN Ia DR2
BayeSN analysis of ZTF Type Ia supernovae confirms a ~0.1 mag intrinsic environmental step in standardized brightness that is not explained by differences in dust extinction properties.
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Pre-localization of Massive Black Hole Binaries in the Millihertz Band
A neural spline flow pipeline performs amortized inference on millihertz MBHB signals, delivering ~20 deg² pre-merger sky localizations in ~1 minute while matching PTMCMC sky modes and parameter uncertainties.
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Calibration-Induced Systematics in SALT3 Training and Their Impact on Dark Energy Constraints from Stage IV Supernova Surveys
Calibration uncertainties during supernova light-curve fitting cause roughly 50% degradation in dark energy figure of merit for Stage IV surveys, dominating over 13% degradation from model training errors and showing near-degeneracy with cosmology.
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Testing $\Lambda$CDM versus dynamical dark energy in one year: A DESI spectroscopic follow-up program for Rubin supernovae
A coordinated Rubin-DESI supernova survey could distinguish dynamical dark energy from Lambda CDM at over 5 sigma in one year using 2300 spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia at low redshift.
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Euclid. Populating a dark universe with galaxies using SciPIC
SciPICal calibrates galaxy properties in halo-based mocks for Euclid, delivering improved clustering predictions and a deep catalogue validated to 15 percent against observations.
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LightCurveLynx: Forward Modeling of Time-Domain Surveys with Application to ZTF SN Ia DR2
LightCurveLynx is a flexible forward-modeling tool that produces supernova light-curve simulations matching ZTF observations with low KL divergence and consistent completeness limits.
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Hostless extragalactic transients in Fink: Results from the ELEPHANT pipeline
ELEPHANT flags hostless transients from ZTF alerts with 0.84 accuracy, confirming 67 genuine cases mostly as Type Ia supernovae from 877 candidates between 2023 and 2025.
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Gamma-Ray Bursts as an Independent High-Redshift Probe of Dark Energy
Forecasts show that ~66 optical GRBs can achieve σ_w ≈ 0.47 in wCDM using Dainotti relations, matching Planck precision and enabling independent high-redshift tests of dark energy.
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Galactic foreground residue biases in cosmic-microwave-background lensing-convergence reconstruction and delensing of B-mode maps
Galactic foreground residuals after component separation bias lensing reconstruction errors at cosmic-variance levels with Gaussian terms dominating, while non-Gaussian errors are three orders smaller; residuals become a leading error for high-efficiency delensing.
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Tracing the high-z cosmic web with Quaia: catalogues of voids and clusters in the quasar distribution
Using 708,483 quasars at 0.8<z<2.2 from Quaia, the authors identify 12,842 voids and 41,111 clusters whose radii, densities and profiles agree with 50 mock catalogues to within 5-10%, with no ultra-large structures exceeding mock expectations.
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3: Blue Shear
Blue galaxy selection in DES Y3 cosmic shear mitigates IA effects, producing stable parameters with 1.5x smaller S8 uncertainty and improved CMB agreement versus the full sample.
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Finding Strongly Lensed Supernovae from Blended Light Curves
A model-independent method fits blended supernova light curves as superpositions of two time-delayed components and finds only one candidate above a 12-day delay threshold in 445 ZTF Type Ia supernovae, for a 0.22% false positive rate.
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Predicting Redshift in Seyfert Galaxies Using Machine Learning
Random Forest regression on combined optical plus mid-infrared colors yields NMAD of 0.0188, R-squared of 0.9561, and 0.294 percent outliers for photometric redshifts in 23,797 Seyfert II galaxies selected from SDSS and WISE.
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The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design
DESI will target luminous red galaxies to z=1, emission-line galaxies to z=1.7, quasars for tracers and Ly-alpha forest at 2.1<z<3.5, plus a bright galaxy survey, to obtain more than 30 million redshifts for BAO and matter power spectrum measurements.
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The Solar System Notification Alert Processing System (SNAPS): Public access to SNAPS data and products
SNAPS is a public data broker for moving object detections from ZTF and LSST surveys.
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Synergy between the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory
CTAO and Rubin Observatory synergies in multi-messenger time-domain astronomy for non-thermal extragalactic sources could help address the origins of TeV-PeV neutrinos and multi-EeV cosmic rays, with the Fink broker proposed to manage Rubin's high alert volume.