Simultaneous measurement of low- and high-mass IMF slopes in 214 star-forming galaxies reveals diversity, weak correlation between ends, and links to stellar mass, star formation rate, and metallicity.
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Distance measures in cosmology
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abstract
Formulae for the line-of-sight and transverse comoving distances, proper motion distance, angular diameter distance, luminosity distance, k-correction, distance modulus, comoving volume, lookback time, age, and object intersection probability are all given, some with justifications. Some attempt is made to rationalize disparate terminologies, or at least abuse bad usage.
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representative citing papers
A new redshift-correlation technique with third-generation GW detectors can constrain the BNS contribution to cosmic r-process nucleosynthesis to 5-6% precision via Fisher forecasts on mock bright- and dark-siren data.
Stupendously large black holes cast shadows on the CMB that rule out masses above 10^17 solar masses within the last scattering surface and limit their density parameter to below 10^-5 for masses 10^15 to 10^18 solar masses.
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
Formulates weak lensing as a stochastic field theory generating diagrammatic expansions for arbitrary n-point lensing observables, with linear propagation as the lowest-order limit and a selection rule for hierarchy mixing.
PHANTOM is a public MATLAB/Octave toolbox for linear field statistics and halo observables in dark matter cosmology, validated to sub-percent agreement with Python packages colossus, hmf, and halomod.
DESI recovers the CMB-constrained parameter combination at sub-percent precision; high-redshift DES supernovae fit flat Lambda CDM while a 0.05 mag offset in the low-redshift anchor sample may be systematic, supporting overall model consistency from recombination to the local universe.
Rest-frame optical galaxy SEDs from a 16-parameter SPS model are captured by five disentangled VAE latents (mass, young stars, dust, soft/hard ionization); metallicity and age are not independent drivers.
This paper derives quantitative correction factors for traditional SSA minimum energy estimates to account for inhomogeneity and non-spherical geometry in emitting regions.
A 4.5σ excess RM dispersion of 4.13 ± 0.91 rad m^{-2} is found in 191 Mg II sightlines versus controls, implying model-dependent CGM magnetic fields of 0.4-0.8 μG at projected radii 20-150 kpc and z~1.14.
Domain adaptation with an ensemble of CNN and transformer models trained on DES detects 20,180 LSBGs and 434 UDGs in KiDS DR5, with structural parameters and environmental trends consistent with known samples.
Two model-independent methods applied to latest SN and BAO data find the cosmic distance duality relation consistent with observations within 1 sigma and no evidence of violation.
Pantheon+ delivers tighter SN Ia constraints on Ω_M, w0, wa, and H0 from 1550 events, consistent with a cosmological constant, with SN systematics contributing less than one third to H0 uncertainty.
Improved pPXF uses analytic Fourier transforms of Gauss-Hermite functions for accurate convolution, providing reliable velocities even when σ is much less than the sampling ΔV.
Galaxy size-mass relations exhibit double power-law breaks at different pivot masses for quiescent versus bulge-dominated samples, coinciding with AGN activity scales.
Analysis of 340 SN Ia sites shows UV and Halpha SFR correlate, UV shifts age estimates older, and local properties correlate strongly with stretch x1 but weakly with Hubble residuals after standardization.
Re-expressing the Hubble tension via posterior-implied E(z) histories yields moderate mismatches (S_hist of 1.65 and 2.55) that correspond to only 1.1-2.1 sigma equivalents, below the usual 4.9 sigma scalar-H0 discrepancy.
A tenfold larger sample of AGN radio source sizes confirms a real angular size-redshift relation but indicates that scatter must drop below 20% or samples reach thousands to 100,000 to constrain Ω_m effectively.
Upper limits on the cosmic abundance of Kardashev Type III radio-broadcasting populations are set at less than one per 10^17 stars using radio source counts and commensal SETI field limits.
The 1995.8-1996.1 outburst light curves of OJ287 at optical V-band and radio/mm frequencies are decomposed into 36 symmetric elementary flares produced by the lighthouse effect of helically moving superluminal knots.
Shape-preserving LADE models with fixed local LF shape provide the statistically preferred description of UV QLF evolution to z~7.5 over flexible alternatives based on AIC/BIC.
Simulations show LIGO-A# constrains the peak redshift of binary black hole merger rate (tracing star formation) to ±0.1 in one year, improving to ±0.02 with next-generation detectors.
Quadratic f(Q) gravity adds an H^4 term to the Friedmann equation and introduces a time-dependent G_eff that suppresses linear growth and halo abundance, offering a modified-gravity route to easing the S8 tension.
Simulations indicate joint Taiji+LISA analysis of five SLGW events yields H0 95% credible interval uncertainties of 0.11 (source redshift unknown) or 0.042 (source redshift known).
citing papers explorer
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The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints
Pantheon+ delivers tighter SN Ia constraints on Ω_M, w0, wa, and H0 from 1550 events, consistent with a cosmological constant, with SN systematics contributing less than one third to H0 uncertainty.
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Search for quasar pairs with Gaia astrometric data. II. Photometric redshift prediction with machine learning for the MGQPC catalogue
Machine learning models achieve NMAD 0.036 and 5.6% outliers for quasar photometric redshifts, identifying 185 high-probability pair candidates in MGQPC with 20 spectroscopically confirmed as physical pairs.
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Breaking Free from the Swampland of Impossible Universes through the DESI Portal
A review of string-inspired dynamical dark energy models claiming compatibility with DESI's hints of evolving dark energy under swampland constraints.