JWST data revises Kamo`oalewa's spectrum to neutral colors consistent with enstatite-rich silicates, models its size at 18 m and albedo at 0.59, and confirms fast rotation.
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First robust detection of kpc-scale filamentary H I structures in the CGM/IGM around NGC 4631 with widths 0.5-3.3 kpc, lengths 6.1-49.8 kpc, and three kinematic classes (U-shaped, linear, wavy).
New HST observations of P/2023 V6 (PANSTARRS) document its transition to dormancy and yield a diameter estimate of approximately 340 meters.
N-body simulations with Swiftest show that surface regolith ejected from ellipsoidal Centaurs can form captured proto-ring disks, with highest efficiency from equatorial avalanches.
First ALMA detection of hot cores in RX J1713.7-3946 shows column density ratios of organics, deuterated species, and S/N-bearing molecules indistinguishable from normal hot cores, attributed to recent exposure or magnetic shielding.
Cosmic ray transport in molecular cloud simulations boosts star formation efficiency by up to 43% and yields a top-heavier IMF with a high-mass slope shallower by ~20%.
Hydrolyzed haze analogs from water-rich exoplanet conditions show higher absorptivity and a high imaginary refractive index that flattens spectral features in atmospheric models.
JWST spatial-spectral maps of 3I/ATLAS show a CO-dominated coma with anisotropic N and Trot for apolar species, more symmetric polar species, and a flat H2O OPR of 2.7±0.2.
MHD collapse simulations define an Envelope-Disk Transition Zone (ENDTRANZ) where a jump in the j-r profile occurs due to positive gravitational torques, with a corresponding jump detected in ALMA observations of L1527 IRS.
Self-consistent curved dust wall models for T Tauri disks indicate that matching observed JHK colors requires millimeter grains lifted 0.5-3 scale heights above the midplane, implying high midplane turbulence.
New stellar occultation data from 2017-2023 indicates Pluto's atmospheric pressure plateaued from 2015 to 2021 and has started to drop, with lower-atmosphere slope changes consistent with haze settling.
Multi-epoch high-resolution spectroscopy reveals a stagnant [O I] gas reservoir at ~1 au in AB Aurigae that feeds high-rate accretion and crushes the stellar magnetosphere.
A new implementation of radial rays and multigroup radiation transport in Athena++ for frequency-dependent stellar irradiation achieves 2-5% average temperature agreement with Monte Carlo benchmarks in hydrostatic disk models using 64 bands.
New Gemini and JWST data show 450P/LONEOS has a 1.8 km nucleus, CO2 gas production of ~7e24 molec/s, water ice absorption, and activity consistent with CO2 release from crystallizing amorphous ice.
The low-mass IMF in Boötes I is consistent with the Milky Way within 68% confidence for broken power-law and lognormal forms, indicating universality at low metallicity.
A Hamiltonian framework maps coupled spin-orbit, spin-spin, and doubly synchronous resonances in ellipsoid binary asteroids and identifies a secondary resonance from nonlinear coupling between primary and secondary synchronous modes.
Catastrophic disruption of differentiated asteroids creates a sheet-like mix of core and mantle fragments with uniform iron-rock ratios that reaccumulate into iron-rich rubble piles if the core is molten.
A new wide-binary coordinate system in REBOUND's TRACE integrator produces qualitatively correct results for planet-planet scattering, stellar flybys, and ZLK oscillations where prior hybrid integrators fail, while matching IAS15 accuracy at up to 9x speed.
Four short-period giant planets around early-M dwarfs are confirmed with masses of 0.5–2.1 Jupiter masses and radii of 0.95–1.02 Jupiter radii.
YSO jet diversity, including counter-rotating and choked jets, arises from a spine-tower balance controlled by stellar rotation and magnetospheric field strength.
Massive young star clusters clear their natal gas faster than lower-mass clusters, based on HST and JWST imaging of four galaxies.
Post-perihelion spectra of 3I/ATLAS show reduced C2 depletion, asymmetric CN/metal outgassing, metal-CO correlation, and an unexplained [O I] residual after standard parent subtraction.
ALMA comparison finds starless cores in evolved IRBCs have ~2x higher median mass and density than in early IRDCs, favoring competitive accretion over massive prestellar core models for high-mass star formation.
JWST spectra of EC 53 indicate CO fundamental and H2O bending absorption weaken by ~2 during burst due to continuum dilution, with relative veiling yielding hot-continuum ratios of 2.9 and 1.71 and viscous-disk accretion-rate ratios of ~3.6 and ~2.0.
citing papers explorer
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JWST Characterization of Earth Quasi-Satellite (469219) Kamo`oalewa
JWST data revises Kamo`oalewa's spectrum to neutral colors consistent with enstatite-rich silicates, models its size at 18 m and albedo at 0.59, and confirms fast rotation.
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Highly filamentary H{\,\small I} gas in the circumgalactic medium and intragalactic medium around NGC 4631
First robust detection of kpc-scale filamentary H I structures in the CGM/IGM around NGC 4631 with widths 0.5-3.3 kpc, lengths 6.1-49.8 kpc, and three kinematic classes (U-shaped, linear, wavy).
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Dust On, Dust Off: HST Observations of the Newly Dormant Jupiter Co-orbital Comet P/2023 V6 (PANSTARRS)
New HST observations of P/2023 V6 (PANSTARRS) document its transition to dormancy and yield a diameter estimate of approximately 340 meters.
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Ejected Surface Regolith as a Potential Source Material for Centaur Rings
N-body simulations with Swiftest show that surface regolith ejected from ellipsoidal Centaurs can form captured proto-ring disks, with highest efficiency from equatorial avalanches.
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Survival of Molecular Complexity under Recent Supernova Feedback: Detection of Hot Cores in RX J1713.7-3946
First ALMA detection of hot cores in RX J1713.7-3946 shows column density ratios of organics, deuterated species, and S/N-bearing molecules indistinguishable from normal hot cores, attributed to recent exposure or magnetic shielding.
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Gauging the Impact of Cosmic Ray Feedback on the Stellar Initial Mass Function
Cosmic ray transport in molecular cloud simulations boosts star formation efficiency by up to 43% and yields a top-heavier IMF with a high-mass slope shallower by ~20%.
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Hydrolyzed Hazes on Water-rich Exoplanets: Optical Constants and Detectability
Hydrolyzed haze analogs from water-rich exoplanet conditions show higher absorptivity and a high imaginary refractive index that flattens spectral features in atmospheric models.
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Coma Physics of an Interstellar Object: JWST Spatial-Spectral Mapping of 3I/ATLAS
JWST spatial-spectral maps of 3I/ATLAS show a CO-dominated coma with anisotropic N and Trot for apolar species, more symmetric polar species, and a flat H2O OPR of 2.7±0.2.
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Modelling the Break in the Specific Angular Momentum within the Envelope-Disk Transition Zone
MHD collapse simulations define an Envelope-Disk Transition Zone (ENDTRANZ) where a jump in the j-r profile occurs due to positive gravitational torques, with a corresponding jump detected in ALMA observations of L1527 IRS.
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Modeling the curved dust sublimation front in protoplanetary disks: a potential probe of midplane turbulence
Self-consistent curved dust wall models for T Tauri disks indicate that matching observed JHK colors requires millimeter grains lifted 0.5-3 scale heights above the midplane, implying high midplane turbulence.
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Changes in Pluto's Atmosphere Based on Stellar Occultation Data from 2017 to 2023
New stellar occultation data from 2017-2023 indicates Pluto's atmospheric pressure plateaued from 2015 to 2021 and has started to drop, with lower-atmosphere slope changes consistent with haze settling.
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Direct Optical Evidence of Late-Stage Infall in AB Aurigae: A Stagnant [O I] Reservoir and a Crushed Magnetosphere
Multi-epoch high-resolution spectroscopy reveals a stagnant [O I] gas reservoir at ~1 au in AB Aurigae that feeds high-rate accretion and crushes the stellar magnetosphere.
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A Framework to Model Stellar Irradiated Disks with Frequency-dependent Absorption and Scattering Opacities in Athena++
A new implementation of radial rays and multigroup radiation transport in Athena++ for frequency-dependent stellar irradiation achieves 2-5% average temperature agreement with Monte Carlo benchmarks in hydrostatic disk models using 64 bands.
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JWST and Gemini Observations of the Active Centaur 450P/LONEOS: Nucleus and Coma Characterizations
New Gemini and JWST data show 450P/LONEOS has a 1.8 km nucleus, CO2 gas production of ~7e24 molec/s, water ice absorption, and activity consistent with CO2 release from crystallizing amorphous ice.
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Probing the IMF in the Early Universe -- Direct measurements in the Bo\"otes I UFD with JWST/NIRCam
The low-mass IMF in Boötes I is consistent with the Milky Way within 68% confidence for broken power-law and lognormal forms, indicating universality at low metallicity.
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Resonant Networks of Spin-Orbit Coupling in Ellipsoid-Ellipsoid Binary Asteroid Systems
A Hamiltonian framework maps coupled spin-orbit, spin-spin, and doubly synchronous resonances in ellipsoid binary asteroids and identifies a secondary resonance from nonlinear coupling between primary and secondary synchronous modes.
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Reaccumulation process after a catastrophic disruption event on a differentiated asteroid
Catastrophic disruption of differentiated asteroids creates a sheet-like mix of core and mantle fragments with uniform iron-rock ratios that reaccumulate into iron-rich rubble piles if the core is molten.
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A Coordinate System for Dynamical Instabilities in Hierarchical Systems in REBOUND
A new wide-binary coordinate system in REBOUND's TRACE integrator produces qualitatively correct results for planet-planet scattering, stellar flybys, and ZLK oscillations where prior hybrid integrators fail, while matching IAS15 accuracy at up to 9x speed.
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Searching for GEMS: Three warm Saturns and a super-Jupiter orbiting four early M-dwarfs
Four short-period giant planets around early-M dwarfs are confirmed with masses of 0.5–2.1 Jupiter masses and radii of 0.95–1.02 Jupiter radii.
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Modeling YSO Jets in 3D III: Dependence of Accretion and Jet Properties on Stellar Magnetospheric Field Strength and Rotation
YSO jet diversity, including counter-rotating and choked jets, arises from a spine-tower balance controlled by stellar rotation and magnetospheric field strength.
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The emerging timescale of young star clusters regulated by cluster stellar mass
Massive young star clusters clear their natal gas faster than lower-mass clusters, based on HST and JWST imaging of four galaxies.
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Post-perihelion Coma Composition of the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS from Optical Spectroscopy
Post-perihelion spectra of 3I/ATLAS show reduced C2 depletion, asymmetric CN/metal outgassing, metal-CO correlation, and an unexplained [O I] residual after standard parent subtraction.
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Evolution of starless cores in massive clumps seen by the ALMA ASHES and QUARKS surveys
ALMA comparison finds starless cores in evolved IRBCs have ~2x higher median mass and density than in early IRDCs, favoring competitive accretion over massive prestellar core models for high-mass star formation.
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EPISODE II: Variability in the CO and H$_2$O rovibrational absorption lines in a periodically variable protostar EC 53
JWST spectra of EC 53 indicate CO fundamental and H2O bending absorption weaken by ~2 during burst due to continuum dilution, with relative veiling yielding hot-continuum ratios of 2.9 and 1.71 and viscous-disk accretion-rate ratios of ~3.6 and ~2.0.
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A Massive Hot-Jupiter Companion that Disfavors Giant Planet Formation Beyond the Water-Ice Line
A brown-dwarf companion's close pericenter in KELT-20 imposes dynamical limits that disfavor giant planet formation beyond the water-ice line.
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Fragmentation in the Serpens/Aquila Star-forming Region
ALMA Cycle 6 data on Aquila dense cores identifies two starless sources and scale-dependent increases in multiplicity, consistent with turbulent core collapse simulations predicting 1.19 starless detections.
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Characterization of the Volatile Properties of 133P/Elst-Pizarro and Other Main-Belt Comets with JWST and Ground-Based Observations
JWST observations of 133P/Elst-Pizarro yield water outgassing rates of (1.9 ± 0.6) × 10^25 and (1.4 ± 0.4) × 10^25 molecules/s at true anomalies 8° and 37.4°, with hypervolatile depletion Q(CO2)/Q(H2O) < 0.009 and an average log(Afrho/Q(H2O)) = -24.6 ± 0.2 across three MBCs.
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A tidally detached super Neptune on a strongly misaligned retrograde orbit
TOI-1710 b has a true obliquity of 149 degrees indicating retrograde motion, favoring high-eccentricity migration via planet-planet scattering and Kozai-Lidov cycles for this tidally detached super-Neptune.
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Inspecting Cloudy Substellar Atmospheres with JWST MIRI Synthetic Magnitudes from Spitzer Mid-infrared Spectra
F770W minus F1000W colors below 0.03 mag identify L dwarfs seven times more likely to have silicate clouds, while current models underpredict the 9-micron silicate feature.
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Inversion of Hydrogen-rich Atmosphere and Water Content for GJ 486b
Numerical inversion of GJ 486b's escape history shows strong degeneracy between initial hydrogen atmosphere and water inventory, yielding a probabilistic stellar age of 2.90^{+2.47}_{-2.27} Gyr when using a planet-formation prior.
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Constructing Earth Formation History Using Deep Mantle Noble Gas Reservoirs
Simulations tie the deep-mantle primordial neon reservoir to an initial embryo mass of ~0.3 Earth masses assembled during solar-nebula dispersal.
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The Milky Way Atlas for Linear Filaments III: Giant filaments and magnetic fields as evidence of a bubbly Galactic disk
Milky Way linear filaments exhibit no strong B-field alignment and bimodal galactic-plane orientations (parallel near midplane, perpendicular far from it), supporting a super-Alfvénic bubbly disk model.
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Pristine composition or size evolution: Can current dust models reproduce emissivities observed in nearby protostars?
Radiative-transfer simulations with common dust models generate a range of spectral indices but cannot reach the lowest observed emissivity indices in protostars without invoking unexpectedly large millimeter-sized grains.
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Formation of Isotopically Heterogeneous Molecular Cloud Cores in Filamentary Molecular Clouds
SPH simulations of filament fragmentation indicate isotopic inhomogeneities from 1 pc filaments survive in cores at reduced levels and potentially reach circumstellar disks.
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From filaments to clumps: filament properties with synthetic Herschel observations
Synthetic Herschel observations from simulations yield 8832 filaments hosting 94% of clumps, with power-law mass and length distributions and a density relation qualitatively matching the Hi-GAL survey.
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The Shape of (486958) Arrokoth
Updated shape model of Arrokoth finds significantly larger volume, 2:1 lobe ratio, spherical small lobe and oblate large lobe compared to prior work.
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A Parameterized YSO Accretion Disk Model with Increasing Accretion Rate: Predicted Outburst Lightcurves
A parameterized accretion disk model for young stellar objects predicts that optical and near-IR outburst light curves track the input accretion rate profile while mid-IR curves respond more to the location and heating of the innermost dust disk.
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TOI-159 b: an eccentric hot-Jupiter planet around a young, pulsating $\gamma$ Doradus star
TOI-159 b is confirmed as the hottest known eccentric hot Jupiter (e = 0.24) with a 13-sigma Keplerian detection around a young gamma Doradus star, including a preliminary low-resolution transmission spectrum.
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Science from the In Situ Exploration of the Proxima Centauri System
Laser-sail picospacecraft swarms could deliver gigapixel imaging of Proxima b during near-relativistic flybys and detect signs of surface life or civilization.
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The curved jet in the young star FN Tau
New observations show a curved jet from FN Tau likely caused by disk precession, associated with past outbursts.
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Organic complexity in protostellar disk candidates
ALMA survey detects hot corino chemistry in 3/5 Class 0/I protostars with CH3OH column densities 10^17-10^18 cm^{-2} and rotational temperatures 200-250 K, showing two orders of magnitude variation in COM ratios.
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High-Contrast Imaging of Forming Protoplanets: VLTs, JWST, and the Promise of ELT
Reviews direct imaging of protoplanets and proposes deriving observational estimates of planet mass-to-radius ratio to test formation models, highlighting ELT capabilities.
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Spectroscopic surveys with the SKA probing the ionized and molecular Milky Way
The chapter proposes SKA spectroscopic surveys of the inner and outer Milky Way using OH, CH, radio recombination lines, and H2CO to study molecular cloud formation, ionized gas properties, and CO-dark molecular gas.
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Mars as an Exoplanet: Lessons from a Planet at the Edge of Habitability
Mars provides a real-world case study of processes like volatile loss, climate evolution, and magnetism that determine habitability on small rocky planets at the edge of habitable conditions.
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Active moons in our Solar System and beyond -- Io, Europa, Enceladus, Triton, and exomoons
The paper reviews plume outgassing on five active moons and exomoons, connecting these signatures to subsurface oceans and the search for biosignatures.
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Giant Planet Formation by Disk Instability
The disk instability model remains viable for explaining giant planets that form early, at large orbital distances, and around M-dwarf stars, supported by updated simulations and observations.
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The formation of planetary systems: physics, populations, and architectures
The Bern Model has incorporated MHD disk evolution, pebble accretion, and improved interiors, yielding quantitative matches to exoplanet mass functions, radius distributions, and system architectures.
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Recent advances in modelling of global-scale collisions using smoothed particle hydrodynamics
A review of SPH modeling for global-scale impacts, emphasizing material properties across size regimes and links to Solar System observations.
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Placing the Near-Earth Object Impact Probability in Context
The annual probability of a >140 m NEO impact exceeds an individual's lifetime risk of being struck by lightning when both are expressed as comparable rates.
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NCCR PlanetS: Observational and computational characterization of exoplanet atmospheres
The paper reviews physical processes, modeling techniques, retrieval methods, and observational strategies for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres, emphasizing Swiss research progress.