RICA replaces ICA's global generative model with local Riemannian geometry, introducing a disentanglement tensor based on the Hessian of the log-likelihood and Ricci curvature to measure pointwise disentanglement, which recovers sources across manifolds in controlled tests.
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Four faint red point sources near critical curves in JWST images of Abell S1063 are interpreted as extremely magnified AGB stars and a yellow supergiant at cosmic noon.
A glovebox robotic lab with agentic LLM reasoning synthesized 352 lithium halide spinel samples, covering 72% of possible metal combinations and raising the rate of good ionic conductors from 1.33% to 5.33% over the campaign.
JWST nebular spectra detect cooling ~400 K carbonaceous dust emission in normal SN Ia 2023qov at +276 and +363 days, modeled as pre-existing circumstellar dust with mass ~10^{-4} M_sun located within ~1 light year.
Two young low-mass stars show solar C/O ratios while their inner disks are hydrocarbon-rich with C/O greater than one, providing direct evidence that disk processes enhance inner-disk carbon.
Quantitative Bayesian inference using a deep-learning emulator detects 0.018-0.020 M_sun of helium in the Type Ic supernova 2014L.
JWST mid-IR observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS yield the first direct methane detection and confirm strongly enhanced CO2:H2O mixing ratios relative to solar system comets.
First analytic nuclear gradients derived and implemented for BSE@G0W0, validated on excited-state geometries and adiabatic energies against wavefunction benchmarks.
ALMA observations reveal ram-pressure stripping in five galaxies at z=2.51, the most distant confirmed instances, indicating environmental gas removal in a protocluster.
Rectified flow learns straight-path neural ODEs for distribution transport, yielding efficient generative models and domain transfers that work well even with a single simulation step.
Global 3D hydrodynamical simulations show that a turbulence-driven deflagration-to-detonation transition produces nearly identical peak spectra across diverse ignition densities and topologies in near-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs, matching SN 1999aa.
High-resolution dayside spectroscopy detects H2O at 2.6σ and CO at 2.3σ in CoRoT-2b, yielding supersolar C/O ratio of 0.91 and subsolar metallicity.
Bayesian optimization identifies cement-salt hydrate composites achieving up to five times higher specific energy than prior cement-based TCES materials, with LiCl-based formulations reaching 458 kJ/kg.
Blue straggler stars in old open clusters exhibit a Kraft break in rotation, with rapid rotators above the break and slow rotators below, indicating their envelopes behave like those of single stars.
A tree algorithm reduces multi-component coagulation complexity from O(N^{2d}) to O(d N^d log N) by grouping similar interactions and matches direct-method results in tests with analytic solutions.
Starlink DTC satellites show reversed solar illumination dependence in unintended emissions at 72-234 MHz, brighter in eclipse than sunlight unlike Ku-only satellites, pointing to an active on-board source.
The EDGES team publishes the first full public description of its 21-cm global-signal analysis pipeline, an open-source end-to-end software package, and the raw data from prior observations.
Copositive matrices with nondecreasing off-diagonal entries admit a PSD plus nonnegative decomposition, which implies exactness of a natural relaxation for separable quadratic optimization over the simplex.
JWST NIRSpec observations of LTT 1445 A b yield a featureless 3-5μm transmission spectrum, limiting atmospheric metallicity to ≳350× solar under grey-cloud models.
Leaky integrator RNNs with adaptive time constants switch between four frequency bands using multiple mechanisms including subpopulation turnover, baseline shifts, and phase reorganization, with high frequencies dominated by short-time-constant neurons.
JWST MIRI MRS observations show the Galactic Center Minispiral gas has 1-2.5 solar metallicity, Wolf-Rayet driven ionization, significant Ni and Fe dust destruction, and harder radiation in compact structures near Sgr A*.
Solvent transport in silicone networks is limited by interfacial flux, correcting an order-of-magnitude diffusivity underestimate and enabling direct local measurement of dilation and contraction in bent samples.
A causal machine-learning model using variability features from Fermi-LAT light curves predicts blazar flare activity within 90 days with 86% recall on held-out data for one FSRQ.
Kriging and Gaussian mixture modeling applied to HST data yield 1-pc resolution dust extinction maps in the SMC and LMC, showing log-normal column density distributions and systematic differences from FIR-derived dust masses.
citing papers explorer
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Disentanglement Beyond Generative Models with Riemannian ICA
RICA replaces ICA's global generative model with local Riemannian geometry, introducing a disentanglement tensor based on the Hessian of the log-likelihood and Ricci curvature to measure pointwise disentanglement, which recovers sources across manifolds in controlled tests.
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Other red dots: A possible GLIMPSE of normal AGB stars at Cosmic Noon through extreme lensing
Four faint red point sources near critical curves in JWST images of Abell S1063 are interpreted as extremely magnified AGB stars and a yellow supergiant at cosmic noon.
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Agentic LLM Reasoning in a Self-Driving Laboratory for Air-Sensitive Lithium Halide Spinel Conductors
A glovebox robotic lab with agentic LLM reasoning synthesized 352 lithium halide spinel samples, covering 72% of possible metal combinations and raising the rate of good ionic conductors from 1.33% to 5.33% over the campaign.
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JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova
JWST nebular spectra detect cooling ~400 K carbonaceous dust emission in normal SN Ia 2023qov at +276 and +363 days, modeled as pre-existing circumstellar dust with mass ~10^{-4} M_sun located within ~1 light year.
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A Chemical Mismatch Between Young Stars and Their Inner Disks
Two young low-mass stars show solar C/O ratios while their inner disks are hydrocarbon-rich with C/O greater than one, providing direct evidence that disk processes enhance inner-disk carbon.
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Traces of Helium Detected in Type Ic Supernova 2014L
Quantitative Bayesian inference using a deep-learning emulator detects 0.018-0.020 M_sun of helium in the Type Ic supernova 2014L.
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The Volatile Inventory of 3I/ATLAS as seen with JWST/MIRI
JWST mid-IR observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS yield the first direct methane detection and confirm strongly enhanced CO2:H2O mixing ratios relative to solar system comets.
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Fully Analytic Nuclear Gradients for the Bethe--Salpeter Equation
First analytic nuclear gradients derived and implemented for BSE@G0W0, validated on excited-state geometries and adiabatic energies against wavefunction benchmarks.
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Ram-Pressure Stripping Caught in Action in a Forming Cluster at $z \sim 2.5$
ALMA observations reveal ram-pressure stripping in five galaxies at z=2.51, the most distant confirmed instances, indicating environmental gas removal in a protocluster.
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Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flow
Rectified flow learns straight-path neural ODEs for distribution transport, yielding efficient generative models and domain transfers that work well even with a single simulation step.
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First-Principles Turbulence-Driven Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition Mechanism for Near-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Progenitors
Global 3D hydrodynamical simulations show that a turbulence-driven deflagration-to-detonation transition produces nearly identical peak spectra across diverse ignition densities and topologies in near-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs, matching SN 1999aa.
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Unraveling the Mystery of the Peculiar and Young Hot Jupiter CoRoT-2b. I. H$_2$O and CO Detection from Dayside Observations with Gemini-S/IGRINS
High-resolution dayside spectroscopy detects H2O at 2.6σ and CO at 2.3σ in CoRoT-2b, yielding supersolar C/O ratio of 0.91 and subsolar metallicity.
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High-Throughput Bayesian Optimization of Cement-Salt Hydrates Composites for Seasonal Thermochemical Energy Storage
Bayesian optimization identifies cement-salt hydrate composites achieving up to five times higher specific energy than prior cement-based TCES materials, with LiCl-based formulations reaching 458 kJ/kg.
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Blue Straggler Stars in Old Open Clusters and the Kraft Break
Blue straggler stars in old open clusters exhibit a Kraft break in rotation, with rapid rotators above the break and slow rotators below, indicating their envelopes behave like those of single stars.
-
A fast tree algorithm for multi-component coagulation equation
A tree algorithm reduces multi-component coagulation complexity from O(N^{2d}) to O(d N^d log N) by grouping similar interactions and matches direct-method results in tests with analytic solutions.
-
A reversed solar illumination dependence of unintended emission from Starlink Direct-to-Cell satellites at 72-234 MHz with the EDA2
Starlink DTC satellites show reversed solar illumination dependence in unintended emissions at 72-234 MHz, brighter in eclipse than sunlight unlike Ku-only satellites, pointing to an active on-board source.
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The EDGES Analysis Pipeline: Description and Validation
The EDGES team publishes the first full public description of its 21-cm global-signal analysis pipeline, an open-source end-to-end software package, and the raw data from prior observations.
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Copositive Matrices with Ordered Off-Diagonal Entries
Copositive matrices with nondecreasing off-diagonal entries admit a PSD plus nonnegative decomposition, which implies exactness of a natural relaxation for separable quadratic optimization over the simplex.
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JWST COMPASS Program: The 3--5$\mu$m transmission spectrum of LTT 1445 A b
JWST NIRSpec observations of LTT 1445 A b yield a featureless 3-5μm transmission spectrum, limiting atmospheric metallicity to ≳350× solar under grey-cloud models.
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Multiple mechanisms of rhythm switching in recurrent neural networks with adaptive time constants
Leaky integrator RNNs with adaptive time constants switch between four frequency bands using multiple mechanisms including subpopulation turnover, baseline shifts, and phase reorganization, with high frequencies dominated by short-time-constant neurons.
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Ionization Structure and Metal Enrichment of the Galactic Center Minispiral Observed with JWST
JWST MIRI MRS observations show the Galactic Center Minispiral gas has 1-2.5 solar metallicity, Wolf-Rayet driven ionization, significant Ni and Fe dust destruction, and harder radiation in compact structures near Sgr A*.
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Following the thread: surface and bulk solvent migration in silicone elastomers from local volumetric swelling
Solvent transport in silicone networks is limited by interfacial flux, correcting an order-of-magnitude diffusivity underestimate and enabling direct local measurement of dilation and contraction in bent samples.
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Advance warning of $\gamma$-ray blazar flares from \textit{Fermi}-LAT light curves: a strictly causal machine-learning backtest
A causal machine-learning model using variability features from Fermi-LAT light curves predicts blazar flare activity within 90 days with 86% recall on held-out data for one FSRQ.
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Scylla VI: Parsec-Scale Dust Extinction Maps in the SMC and LMC
Kriging and Gaussian mixture modeling applied to HST data yield 1-pc resolution dust extinction maps in the SMC and LMC, showing log-normal column density distributions and systematic differences from FIR-derived dust masses.
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ATOMIUM: Inner circumstellar envelopes of oxygen-rich AGB stars as revealed by highly excited SiO lines
ALMA Band 6 data detect SiO emission and masers up to v=8 in AGB stars, showing clumpy distributions, velocity gradients, and a tentative link between emission radius and mass-loss rate.
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Detection of an Extended Ly$\alpha$ Halo around a $\textit{z}=6.64$ Broad Absorption Line Quasar with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager
An extended Lyα halo is detected around the z=6.64 BAL quasar J0910-0414, extending to 11 pkpc with rotation-like kinematics, lower velocity dispersion than the host core, and contributing 55% of the total Lyα flux due to central absorption.
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The Pinocchio Dimension: Phenomenality of Experience as the Primary Axis of LLM Psychometric Differences
The primary axis of psychometric variation among LLMs is the degree to which they represent themselves as loci of phenomenal experience rather than systems of behavioral responses.
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First Detection of Extensive Air Showers Using a Small-Aperture Fluorescence Telescope
First successful detection of extensive air showers using a small-aperture fluorescence telescope with a 25 cm Fresnel lens.
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The Tale of a Hungry Subgiant and Its Brown Dwarf: Interior Radiative Damping Dominates the Tidal Evolution of TOI-5882
Radiative damping of internal gravity waves dominates tidal evolution in TOI-5882, shortening the brown dwarf's engulfment timescale by a factor of 2-6 relative to classical models.
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Characterizing the bolometric-photoevaporative transition in young sub-Neptunes with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations
Young sub-Neptunes transition from core-powered bolometric escape to photoevaporative escape at smaller radii for lower-mass and more irradiated planets, with self-consistent simulations yielding combined mass-loss rates and analytic transition scalings.
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Black Hole Supernovae Outcomes Across a Wide Progenitor Range
Black hole supernovae occur across a wide progenitor mass range from 19.5 to 60 solar masses, yielding final black hole masses of 3 to 26 solar masses that trend with but are not fully set by CO core mass.
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SENECA: Small-Sample Discrete Entropy Estimation via Self-Consistent Missing Mass
SENECA uses a novel self-consistent missing mass calculation to improve discrete entropy estimates in small-sample regimes and outperforms alternatives in numerical tests.
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Galaxy Zoo Bar Lengths: A Catalogue of Measurements from Hubble Space Telescope Images and the Evolution of Galactic Bar Structure at z < 1
A new catalogue of bar lengths and widths from HST images of 8230 galaxies shows bars are about 13% weaker at higher redshift, with longer bars in higher-mass quiescent galaxies and trends consistent with slow quenching.
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Resolved Maps of Gas and Dust in a Massive Quiescent Galaxy at z=2 from INQUEST-JWST: Evidence of Accretion and Rejuvenation
Resolved gas and dust maps in a z=2 quiescent galaxy reveal accreted material from tidal interactions and a past star-formation rejuvenation, indicating that gas content variations are not solely due to consumption timescales.
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spectroxide: A code package for computing cosmic microwave background spectral distortions
Spectroxide is a publicly available code package that evolves the photon Boltzmann equation from z ~ 5e6 to today to calculate CMB spectral distortions caused by heat or photon injection, with all code and tests generated by AI under human supervision and validated against analytic limits and prior
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Probabilistic Spectral Reconstruction of Trans-Neptunian Objects from Sparse Photometry: A Framework for Taxonomy, Survey Optimization, and Outlier Detection
Probabilistic PCA latent-space model with Bayesian inference reconstructs TNO near-IR spectra from photometry, achieving 95% credible-interval coverage and supporting taxonomy plus survey optimization.
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JetSCI: A Hybrid JAX-PETSc Framework for Scalable Differentiable Simulation
JetSCI is a hybrid JAX-PETSc framework that delivers scalable differentiable finite element simulations and outperforms pure JAX implementations on heterogeneous micromechanics problems.
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Informative Priors on Primordial Non-Gaussianity Bias $b_{\phi}$ From Galaxy Formation
Conditioning CAMELS-SAM simulations on the stellar mass function or stellar-to-halo mass relation reduces uncertainty in b_phi by 88-97% for DESI emission line galaxy samples while remaining consistent across galaxy formation variations.
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Archival Multiband Gravitational-Wave Signals from Massive Black Hole Binary Mergers
Massive black hole binary mergers produce orphaned low-frequency signals in PTA pulsar terms that can be stacked for archival multiband gravitational-wave detection.
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Beyond the Virial Expansion: Microscopic Origins of Partial Molar Volumes in LiCl Solutions
PMV for LiCl salt rises and water falls up to 6.7 M then reverses as three- and four-body ion clusters form; MD polyhedral partitioning of snapshots quantitatively matches the experimental curve while Raman and DFT detail water electrostriction.
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A Census of Na D-traced neutral ISM and outflows at $0.6<z<4$
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
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Impact of Cold Jupiter Scattering on the Mean-Motion Resonance of Inner Small Planets
Scattering cold Jupiters disrupt inner mean-motion resonances via secular perturbations from their orbital history, driving resonance circulation in most 2:1 and 3:2 configurations and explaining the Kepler period ratio distribution.
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Witnessing the onset of stellar winds in Super-Luminous Supernova Hosts: implications for star-formation-driven outflows in low and high-redshift galaxies
Spectroscopic observations of six low-mass, metal-poor SLSN host galaxies reveal slow stellar-wind-driven outflows with velocities 37-104 km/s and mass-loading factors below 1 in the earliest phases of star formation.
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Persephone's Torch: A 15th Magnitude Quadruply-Lensed Quasar From the Couch Discovered with SPHEREx and the LBT
Spectroscopic and imaging confirmation of the brightest known quadruply-lensed quasar J1330-0905 at z=2.22 with Einstein radius ~0.45 arcsec and predicted magnification ~56.
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FRTSearch: Unified Detection and Parameter Inference of Fast Radio Transients using Instance Segmentation
FRTSearch reframes fast radio transient detection as instance segmentation on dynamic spectra and uses the segmented shapes to infer dispersion measure and time of arrival, achieving 98% recall with over 99.9% fewer false positives than traditional methods.
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JWST Observations of Starbursts: Dust Processing in the M82 Superwind
JWST observations find constant ~1% PAH abundance in the M82 superwind to 5 kpc, consistent with shielding in surface layers of cool clouds and possible replenishment.
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The Milky Way Tomography with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam: Implications for the past orbit of the Large Magellanic Cloud
A newly detected stellar substructure beyond 30 kpc in the Milky Way halo matches simulated LMC tidal debris only under the second-passage orbital model.
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Direct Images of CO2 Absorption in the Atmosphere of a Super-Jupiter: Enhanced Metallicity Suggestive of Formation in a Disk
Direct imaging reveals enhanced metallicity and aligned orbit in 29 Cyg b, supporting protoplanetary disk formation near the deuterium burning limit.
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Ghosts of eruptions past: Searching for historical Galactic supernovae using variable thermal dust echoes and machine learning
An all-sky NEOWISE-based search using difference imaging and a CNN classifier trained on Cas A echoes detects no other historical Galactic supernova dust echoes at WISE sensitivity and delivers a catalog of 20477 Cas A echo positions.
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High-dimensional inference for the $\gamma$-ray sky with differentiable programming
A differentiable forward model and likelihood enable probabilistic inference over many spatial morphologies for the Galactic Center gamma-ray Excess using variational methods on GPUs.