The satellite metallicity enhancement profile around clusters declines steeply in the core, plateaus near the virial radius due to enriched inflow, and declines further out, with mass loss and quenching dominating the core.
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The DESI Experiment, a whitepaper for Snowmass 2013
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abstract
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is a massively multiplexed fiber-fed spectrograph that will make the next major advance in dark energy in the timeframe 2018-2022. On the Mayall telescope, DESI will obtain spectra and redshifts for at least 18 million emission-line galaxies, 4 million luminous red galaxies and 3 million quasi-stellar objects, in order to: probe the effects of dark energy on the expansion history using baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), measure the gravitational growth history through redshift-space distortions, measure the sum of neutrino masses, and investigate the signatures of primordial inflation. The resulting 3-D galaxy maps at z<2 and Lyman-alpha forest at z>2 will make 1%-level measurements of the distance scale in 35 redshift bins, thus providing unprecedented constraints on cosmological models.
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representative citing papers
Introduces HICOBIAN, a differentiable fuzzy hierarchical cosmic-web bias model using sigmoid gradients for smooth region transitions, enabling accurate Bayesian field-level reconstruction of primordial density fields validated by Fourier-space statistics.
Spectroscopic members of the M92 stream yield a Milky Way bar pattern speed of 29.1 +0.7/-0.4 km s^{-1} kpc^{-1}.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
A catalog-level Alcock-Paczynski wavelength-shift blinding scheme for the Lyman-alpha forest robustly hides the expansion history and correctly shifts the BAO peak on DESI DR1 data and mocks.
A hybrid Jeffreys+baseline prior removes multi-σ prior-volume projection in DESI DR1 full-shape fits of H0, w0, and wa, yielding late-time expansion constraints consistent with HOD-informed Bayesian and frequentist analyses.
DESI LAE clustering measurements give a linear bias of 2.31-2.62 with constraints on radiative transfer effects and halo occupation from correlation functions and power spectra.
Cosmic variance is modeled as Eulerian bias parameters of a finite-volume realization relative to the ensemble average, disentangling it from galaxy bias in the nonlinear BAO shift.
DESI DR1 yields 314k high-mass and 9.6k dwarf AGN, extending the M_BH-M_star relation to log M_star ~7.8 and suggesting two evolutionary pathways for galaxies and black holes.
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
The paper develops R^wst, a bias-robust wavelet scattering statistic that delivers unbiased constraints on cosmological parameters and improves degeneracy breaking versus the two-point correlation function via simulation-based inference.
A heuristic power-spectrum rescaling applied to DESI DR1 BAO data plus CMB acoustic scale anchor yields H0 values of 69.2 to 70.3 km/s/Mpc at sub-2% precision across three independent late-time datasets.
Generation of 100 full-sky quasar spectrophotometric mock catalogs using a hierarchical nonlocal nonlinear bias scheme on Augmented Lagrangian Perturbation Theory lightcone fields, calibrated to DESI data and including Quaia observational effects.
DESI DR1 full-shape clustering yields Ω_m = 0.2962 ± 0.0095 and σ_8 = 0.842 ± 0.034 in flat ΛCDM, tightening to H_0 = 68.40 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc with CMB and DESY3, while favoring w_0 > -1, w_a < 0 and limiting neutrino mass sum to < 0.071 eV.
DESI DR1 full-shape galaxy clustering constrains Omega_m = 0.296 ± 0.010, H0 = 68.63 ± 0.79 km/s/Mpc, and sigma_8 = 0.841 ± 0.034, consistent with LambdaCDM and Planck.
DESI's instrumentation, including a 3.2-degree prime-focus corrector, 5020 fiber positioners across ten petals, and ten three-channel spectrographs, has been successfully installed and meets all performance goals for a five-year survey of 40 million galaxies and quasars.
LSST will image 18,000 square degrees of sky about 800 times across six bands over 10 years to a coadded depth of r~27.5, producing a public database of 40 billion objects and 32 trillion observations.
A generative adversarial network emulator upscales low-resolution N-body simulations with non-zero curvature to high resolution, recovering most large-scale power but with up to 10% small-scale suppression and altered halo profiles.
A catalog of 621 new winged radio galaxies is presented from LoTSS DR2, with 382 X-shaped and 239 Z-shaped, predominantly FR-II sources having average radio power log P_144MHz = 26.25 and median size 498 kpc.
Forecasts show that line-of-sight dependent 3PCF tightens sigma_8 constraints by a factor of 5 over 2PCF alone for Roman ELG and DESI LRG samples on scales <80 Mpc/h using AbacusSummit simulations.
First systematic validation shows Hybrid Bias Expansion model for galaxy bispectrum remains accurate up to k=0.25 h/Mpc in DESI-like mocks, outperforming tree-level EFT.
DESI K-giant catalog identifies Aleph, Sagittarius, GSE, Cetus-Palca and Orphan-Chenab, then shows residual halo high-angular-momentum stars have bimodal MDFs unlike GSE or Sagittarius.
Full-GR simulations find that inhomogeneous curvature produces only sub-dominant systematic offsets in growth-rate measurements from magnitude fluctuations at z ≲ 0.2 relative to current statistical errors.
Group-scale halos produce a dual effect on infalling galaxies: pre-processing raises quiescent fraction early, while protection delays cluster-driven quenching to smaller d_R.
citing papers explorer
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Satellite Metallicity Enhancement I: Suppressed Star Formation, Stellar Mass Loss, and Enriched Inflow of DESI and EAGLE Galaxies around Massive Clusters
The satellite metallicity enhancement profile around clusters declines steeply in the core, plateaus near the virial radius due to enriched inflow, and declines further out, with mass loss and quenching dominating the core.
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Differentiable Fuzzy Cosmic-Web for Field Level Inference
Introduces HICOBIAN, a differentiable fuzzy hierarchical cosmic-web bias model using sigmoid gradients for smooth region transitions, enabling accurate Bayesian field-level reconstruction of primordial density fields validated by Fourier-space statistics.
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Constraining the Galactic bar using the M92 stellar stream
Spectroscopic members of the M92 stream yield a Milky Way bar pattern speed of 29.1 +0.7/-0.4 km s^{-1} kpc^{-1}.
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DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
-
Alcock-Paczynski Blinding Scheme for the Ly-$\alpha$ Forest Analysis
A catalog-level Alcock-Paczynski wavelength-shift blinding scheme for the Lyman-alpha forest robustly hides the expansion history and correctly shifts the BAO peak on DESI DR1 data and mocks.
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Alleviating prior dependencies for DESI DR1 clustering fits through reparameterization
A hybrid Jeffreys+baseline prior removes multi-σ prior-volume projection in DESI DR1 full-shape fits of H0, w0, and wa, yielding late-time expansion constraints consistent with HOD-informed Bayesian and frequentist analyses.
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The 3D clustering of Lyman Alpha Emitters measured with DESI
DESI LAE clustering measurements give a linear bias of 2.31-2.62 with constraints on radiative transfer effects and halo occupation from correlation functions and power spectra.
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Cosmic variance or galaxy bias? Disentangling finite-volume and galaxy formation effects in cosmological analysis
Cosmic variance is modeled as Eulerian bias parameters of a finite-volume realization relative to the ensemble average, disentangling it from galaxy bias in the nonlinear BAO shift.
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A New Record Census of Dwarf AGN and a Bimodal $M_{\rm BH}$-$M_{\star}$ Scaling Relation with DESI DR1
DESI DR1 yields 314k high-mass and 9.6k dwarf AGN, extending the M_BH-M_star relation to log M_star ~7.8 and suggesting two evolutionary pathways for galaxies and black holes.
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Understanding the Broad-line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei with Photoionization. II. Slim disks, Self-shadowing, and BLR sizes
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
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Cosmological Constraints from Bias-Robust Wavelet Scattering Statistics for Stage-IV Galaxy Surveys
The paper develops R^wst, a bias-robust wavelet scattering statistic that delivers unbiased constraints on cosmological parameters and improves degeneracy breaking versus the two-point correlation function via simulation-based inference.
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$H_0$ Without the Sound Horizon (or Supernovae): A 2% Measurement in DESI DR1
A heuristic power-spectrum rescaling applied to DESI DR1 BAO data plus CMB acoustic scale anchor yields H0 values of 69.2 to 70.3 km/s/Mpc at sub-2% precision across three independent late-time datasets.
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Fast and accurate Gaia-unWISE quasar mock catalogs from LPT and Eulerian bias
Generation of 100 full-sky quasar spectrophotometric mock catalogs using a hierarchical nonlocal nonlinear bias scheme on Augmented Lagrangian Perturbation Theory lightcone fields, calibrated to DESI data and including Quaia observational effects.
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DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full-Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements
DESI DR1 full-shape clustering yields Ω_m = 0.2962 ± 0.0095 and σ_8 = 0.842 ± 0.034 in flat ΛCDM, tightening to H_0 = 68.40 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc with CMB and DESY3, while favoring w_0 > -1, w_a < 0 and limiting neutrino mass sum to < 0.071 eV.
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DESI 2024 V: Full-Shape Galaxy Clustering from Galaxies and Quasars
DESI DR1 full-shape galaxy clustering constrains Omega_m = 0.296 ± 0.010, H0 = 68.63 ± 0.79 km/s/Mpc, and sigma_8 = 0.841 ± 0.034, consistent with LambdaCDM and Planck.
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Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
DESI's instrumentation, including a 3.2-degree prime-focus corrector, 5020 fiber positioners across ten petals, and ten three-channel spectrographs, has been successfully installed and meets all performance goals for a five-year survey of 40 million galaxies and quasars.
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LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
LSST will image 18,000 square degrees of sky about 800 times across six bands over 10 years to a coadded depth of r~27.5, producing a public database of 40 billion objects and 32 trillion observations.
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Separate Universe Super-Resolution Emulator
A generative adversarial network emulator upscales low-resolution N-body simulations with non-zero curvature to high resolution, recovering most large-scale power but with up to 10% small-scale suppression and altered halo profiles.
-
A Morphological Identification and Study of Radio Galaxies from LoTSS DR2. I. The "Winged'' Radio Galaxies
A catalog of 621 new winged radio galaxies is presented from LoTSS DR2, with 382 X-shaped and 239 Z-shaped, predominantly FR-II sources having average radio power log P_144MHz = 26.25 and median size 498 kpc.
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Increasing the sensitivity of full-shape galaxy clustering measurements in configuration-space with three-point statistics
Forecasts show that line-of-sight dependent 3PCF tightens sigma_8 constraints by a factor of 5 over 2PCF alone for Roman ELG and DESI LRG samples on scales <80 Mpc/h using AbacusSummit simulations.
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Validation of the Hybrid Bias Expansion model for the galaxy bispectrum
First systematic validation shows Hybrid Bias Expansion model for galaxy bispectrum remains accurate up to k=0.25 h/Mpc in DESI-like mocks, outperforming tree-level EFT.
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Disentangling the Distant Stellar Halo Using K-Giants in the DESI Year 3 Data
DESI K-giant catalog identifies Aleph, Sagittarius, GSE, Cetus-Palca and Orphan-Chenab, then shows residual halo high-angular-momentum stars have bimodal MDFs unlike GSE or Sagittarius.
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Impact of inhomogeneous curvature on growth rate measurements from magnitude fluctuations
Full-GR simulations find that inhomogeneous curvature produces only sub-dominant systematic offsets in growth-rate measurements from magnitude fluctuations at z ≲ 0.2 relative to current statistical errors.
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The dual effect of group-scale environments on galaxy quenching during cluster infall: pre-processing and protection
Group-scale halos produce a dual effect on infalling galaxies: pre-processing raises quiescent fraction early, while protection delays cluster-driven quenching to smaller d_R.
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Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity from DESI DR1 quasars and Planck PR4 CMB Lensing
Cross-correlation of DESI DR1 quasars with Planck PR4 CMB lensing constrains local f_NL to 2^{+28}_{-34} (p=1.6) or 6^{+20}_{-24} (p=1.0), tightening previous limits by 35%.
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ELG$\times$LRG distribution through dark matter halo dynamics
A new halo occupation model called HOMe reproduces the anisotropic clustering of ELGs and LRGs down to 200 h^{-1} kpc scales by sampling satellites from dark matter particle positions and fitting parameters to two-point statistics.
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The DESI DR1 Peculiar Velocity Survey: growth rate measurements from the maximum likelihood fields method
DESI DR1 peculiar velocity data yields fσ8(z_eff=0.07) = 0.450 ± 0.055, consistent with Planck ΛCDM and GR growth index γ = 0.58 ± 0.11.
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Combined tracer analysis for DESI 2024 BAO
Combining LRG and ELG tracers with bias weighting improves BAO constraints by 11% on alpha_iso and 7% on alpha_AP in DESI DR1 data for the 0.8<z<1.1 bin.
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Constraints on Neutrino Physics from DESI DR2 BAO and DR1 Full Shape
DESI DR2 BAO and full-shape data plus CMB yield ∑m_ν < 0.0642 eV (95% CL) under ΛCDM, in 3σ tension with oscillation lower limits, relaxed to <0.163 eV in w0waCDM.
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Unveiling Hidden Lyman Alpha Emitters in the DESI DR1 Data
A CNN detects 19,685 LAEs at z=2-3.5 in DESI DR1 spectra with 95% purity and completeness.
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A simulation-based analytic model of radio galaxies II: self-consistent radiative losses
Including radiative losses in analytic models of high-redshift radio galaxies reduces predicted radio and X-ray luminosities compared to models that neglect them.
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DESI DR2 Reference Mocks: Clustering results from UCHUU ELGs and QSOs
Mock catalogs for DESI DR2 ELGs and QSOs are constructed via modified subhalo abundance matching on the Uchuu simulation to reproduce observed number density and clustering statistics.
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Quality Assessment of Spectroscopic Data Reduction Pipelines Using Artificial Intelligence: Scrutinizing Data Release 2 from the DESI Survey
Unsupervised UMAP plus Friends-of-Friends clustering on 58 million DESI DR2 spectra identifies 1.1 million outlier candidates where visual checks show 67 percent have reduction artifacts missed by the standard pipeline.
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A local Universe catalogue of structures and voids dynamically identified using Cosmic-Flows4++ZOA peculiar velocities
A catalogue of 37 voids (radii 13-38 h^{-1} Mpc) and 42 knots (volumes 10^4 to 3.3x10^5 h^{-3} Mpc^3) is presented using V-web on CF4++ZOA peculiar velocities within z=0.1.
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A Value-added Physical Properties Catalog for Low-redshift Galaxies from DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR10
A multimodal neural network trained on MPA-JHU references produces SFR, stellar mass, and metallicity estimates for 547 million low-redshift galaxies in DESI LS DR10.
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Integrated Sachs-Wolfe maps from the Gower Street $w$CDM simulations
The authors produce and publicly release ISW maps from Gower Street simulations spanning w from -1.79 to -0.34, validated against linear theory with excellent agreement in the relevant multipole range.
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Tracing the high-z cosmic web with Quaia: catalogues of voids and clusters in the quasar distribution
Using 708,483 quasars at 0.8<z<2.2 from Quaia, the authors identify 12,842 voids and 41,111 clusters whose radii, densities and profiles agree with 50 mock catalogues to within 5-10%, with no ultra-large structures exceeding mock expectations.
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Extended Dark Energy analysis using DESI DR2 BAO measurements
Extended analysis of DESI DR2 data confirms robust evidence for dynamical dark energy with phantom crossing preference, stable under parametric and non-parametric modeling.
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DESI DR2 Results I: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest
DESI DR2 delivers 0.65% precision BAO measurements from the LyA forest at z_eff=2.33, with D_H/r_d = 8.632 ± 0.098 ± 0.026 and D_M/r_d = 38.99 ± 0.52 ± 0.12.
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From Large Telescopes to the MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST)
MUST is a new 6.5 m telescope designed to deliver simultaneous optical spectra for over 20,000 targets across a 5 deg² field, enabling the largest 3D spectroscopic map of the Universe with redshifts for more than 100 million objects over an 8-year survey.
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The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design
DESI will target luminous red galaxies to z=1, emission-line galaxies to z=1.7, quasars for tracers and Ly-alpha forest at 2.1<z<3.5, plus a bright galaxy survey, to obtain more than 30 million redshifts for BAO and matter power spectrum measurements.
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Comparative Study of Hollow-Core and Standard Optical Fibers for Astronomy
IC-HCFs exhibit lower throughput loss than standard fibers under mechanical stress, indicating potential gains for blue-sensitive astronomical spectroscopy.
- Changing-look Active Galactic Nuclei from SDSS, LAMOST and DESI Surveys
- A sound-horizon-free measurement of the Hubble constant from DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillations using artificial neural networks