PhysInOne is a new dataset of 2 million videos across 153,810 dynamic 3D scenes covering 71 physical phenomena, shown to improve AI performance on physics-aware video generation, prediction, property estimation, and motion transfer.
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Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challenges
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abstract
Recent advances in deep generative models have lead to remarkable progress in synthesizing high quality images. Following their successful application in image processing and representation learning, an important next step is to consider videos. Learning generative models of video is a much harder task, requiring a model to capture the temporal dynamics of a scene, in addition to the visual presentation of objects. While recent attempts at formulating generative models of video have had some success, current progress is hampered by (1) the lack of qualitative metrics that consider visual quality, temporal coherence, and diversity of samples, and (2) the wide gap between purely synthetic video data sets and challenging real-world data sets in terms of complexity. To this extent we propose Fr\'{e}chet Video Distance (FVD), a new metric for generative models of video, and StarCraft 2 Videos (SCV), a benchmark of game play from custom starcraft 2 scenarios that challenge the current capabilities of generative models of video. We contribute a large-scale human study, which confirms that FVD correlates well with qualitative human judgment of generated videos, and provide initial benchmark results on SCV.
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- abstract Recent advances in deep generative models have lead to remarkable progress in synthesizing high quality images. Following their successful application in image processing and representation learning, an important next step is to consider videos. Learning generative models of video is a much harder task, requiring a model to capture the temporal dynamics of a scene, in addition to the visual presentation of objects. While recent attempts at formulating generative models of video have had some success, current progress is hampered by (1) the lack of qualitative metrics that consider visual quali
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representative citing papers
Physics-IQ benchmark reveals that generative video models exhibit limited physical understanding unrelated to their visual quality.
CRONOS benchmark shows recent open-source video generators fail to preserve physical consistency under controlled changes to viewpoint, scene, object category, and appearance.
Q-ARVD introduces final-quality-aware frame weighting and outlier-aware adaptive dual-scale quantization to enable accurate low-bit inference for autoregressive video diffusion models.
InstructAV2AV is an end-to-end instruction-guided audio-video joint editing model that adapts a pre-trained backbone with gated attention and two-stage training, outperforming prior methods on 11 metrics after building the InsAVE-80K dataset.
CoReDiT reduces self-attention FLOPs in DiTs by up to 55% via linear-time spatial coherence pruning and neighbor-based reconstruction, delivering 1.33x-1.72x speedups with maintained quality.
GaitProtector optimizes diffusion model latents to impersonate target identities in gait sequences, dropping Rank-1 identification accuracy from 89.6% to 15.0% on CASIA-B while keeping scoliosis diagnostic accuracy at 74.2%.
WorldLens benchmark reveals no driving world model dominates across visual, geometric, behavioral, and perceptual fidelity, with contributions of a 26K human-annotated dataset and a distilled vision-language evaluator.
ConFixGS repairs feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting with confidence-aware diffusion priors, delivering up to 3.68 dB PSNR gains and halved FID scores on Waymo, nuScenes, and KITTI novel view synthesis tasks.
DUST decouples pose trajectories per camera source while sharing canonical Gaussians per agent to remove cross-source gradient conflicts and ghosting caused by temporal asynchrony in 4D cooperative driving scenes.
AniMatrix generates anime videos by structuring artistic production rules into a controllable taxonomy and training the model to prioritize those rules over physical realism, achieving top scores from professional animators on prompt understanding and artistic motion.
ABC enables any-subset autoregressive generation of continuous stochastic processes via non-Markovian diffusion bridges that track physical time and allow path-dependent conditioning.
Talker-T2AV achieves better lip-sync accuracy, video quality, and audio quality than dual-branch baselines by separating high-level shared autoregressive modeling from modality-specific low-level diffusion refinement in a joint audio-video generation framework.
OccDirector uses a VLM-guided Spatio-Temporal MMDiT model with history anchoring to generate physically plausible 4D occupancy from language scripts, supported by the new OccInteract-85k dataset.
WorldMark is the first public benchmark that standardizes scenes, trajectories, and control interfaces across heterogeneous interactive image-to-video world models.
HumanScore defines six metrics for kinematic plausibility, temporal stability, and biomechanical consistency to benchmark human motions in videos from thirteen state-of-the-art generation models, revealing gaps between visual appeal and physical fidelity.
MultiWorld is a scalable framework for multi-agent multi-view video world models that improves controllability and consistency over single-agent baselines in game and robot tasks.
A survey that groups efficient video diffusion methods into four paradigms—step distillation, efficient attention, model compression, and cache/trajectory optimization—and outlines open challenges for practical use.
C-MET transfers emotions from speech to facial video by learning cross-modal semantic vectors with pretrained audio and disentangled expression encoders, yielding 14% higher emotion accuracy on MEAD and CREMA-D even for unseen emotions.
MoRight disentangles object and camera motion via canonical-view specification and temporal cross-view attention, while decomposing motion into active user-driven and passive consequence components to learn and apply causality in video generation.
OmniCamera disentangles video content and camera motion for multi-task generation with arbitrary camera control via the OmniCAM hybrid dataset and Dual-level Curriculum Co-Training.
HumANDiff improves motion consistency in human video generation by sampling diffusion noise on an articulated human body template and adding joint appearance-motion prediction plus a geometric consistency loss.
The PVIR benchmark tests video object removal on physical consistency using 95 annotated videos and shows that existing methods struggle with complex interactions like lingering shadows.
FrameDiT proposes Matrix Attention for DiTs to achieve SOTA video generation with improved temporal coherence and efficiency comparable to local factorized attention.
citing papers explorer
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PhysInOne: Visual Physics Learning and Reasoning in One Suite
PhysInOne is a new dataset of 2 million videos across 153,810 dynamic 3D scenes covering 71 physical phenomena, shown to improve AI performance on physics-aware video generation, prediction, property estimation, and motion transfer.
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Do generative video models understand physical principles?
Physics-IQ benchmark reveals that generative video models exhibit limited physical understanding unrelated to their visual quality.
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CRONOS: Benchmarking Counterfactual Physical Consistency in Video Models
CRONOS benchmark shows recent open-source video generators fail to preserve physical consistency under controlled changes to viewpoint, scene, object category, and appearance.
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Q-ARVD: Quantizing Autoregressive Video Diffusion Models
Q-ARVD introduces final-quality-aware frame weighting and outlier-aware adaptive dual-scale quantization to enable accurate low-bit inference for autoregressive video diffusion models.
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InstructAV2AV: Instruction-Guided Audio-Video Joint Editing
InstructAV2AV is an end-to-end instruction-guided audio-video joint editing model that adapts a pre-trained backbone with gated attention and two-stage training, outperforming prior methods on 11 metrics after building the InsAVE-80K dataset.
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CoReDiT: Spatial Coherence-Guided Token Pruning and Reconstruction for Efficient Diffusion Transformers
CoReDiT reduces self-attention FLOPs in DiTs by up to 55% via linear-time spatial coherence pruning and neighbor-based reconstruction, delivering 1.33x-1.72x speedups with maintained quality.
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GaitProtector: Impersonation-Driven Gait De-Identification via Training-Free Diffusion Latent Optimization
GaitProtector optimizes diffusion model latents to impersonate target identities in gait sequences, dropping Rank-1 identification accuracy from 89.6% to 15.0% on CASIA-B while keeping scoliosis diagnostic accuracy at 74.2%.
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Is Your Driving World Model an All-Around Player?
WorldLens benchmark reveals no driving world model dominates across visual, geometric, behavioral, and perceptual fidelity, with contributions of a 26K human-annotated dataset and a distilled vision-language evaluator.
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ConFixGS: Learning to Fix Feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting with Confidence-Aware Diffusion Priors in Driving Scenes
ConFixGS repairs feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting with confidence-aware diffusion priors, delivering up to 3.68 dB PSNR gains and halved FID scores on Waymo, nuScenes, and KITTI novel view synthesis tasks.
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One World, Dual Timeline: Decoupled Spatio-Temporal Gaussian Scene Graph for 4D Cooperative Driving Reconstruction
DUST decouples pose trajectories per camera source while sharing canonical Gaussians per agent to remove cross-source gradient conflicts and ghosting caused by temporal asynchrony in 4D cooperative driving scenes.
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AniMatrix: An Anime Video Generation Model that Thinks in Art, Not Physics
AniMatrix generates anime videos by structuring artistic production rules into a controllable taxonomy and training the model to prioritize those rules over physical realism, achieving top scores from professional animators on prompt understanding and artistic motion.
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ABC: Any-Subset Autoregression via Non-Markovian Diffusion Bridges in Continuous Time and Space
ABC enables any-subset autoregressive generation of continuous stochastic processes via non-Markovian diffusion bridges that track physical time and allow path-dependent conditioning.
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Talker-T2AV: Joint Talking Audio-Video Generation with Autoregressive Diffusion Modeling
Talker-T2AV achieves better lip-sync accuracy, video quality, and audio quality than dual-branch baselines by separating high-level shared autoregressive modeling from modality-specific low-level diffusion refinement in a joint audio-video generation framework.
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OccDirector: Language-Guided Behavior and Interaction Generation in 4D Occupancy Space
OccDirector uses a VLM-guided Spatio-Temporal MMDiT model with history anchoring to generate physically plausible 4D occupancy from language scripts, supported by the new OccInteract-85k dataset.
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WorldMark: A Unified Benchmark Suite for Interactive Video World Models
WorldMark is the first public benchmark that standardizes scenes, trajectories, and control interfaces across heterogeneous interactive image-to-video world models.
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HumanScore: Benchmarking Human Motions in Generated Videos
HumanScore defines six metrics for kinematic plausibility, temporal stability, and biomechanical consistency to benchmark human motions in videos from thirteen state-of-the-art generation models, revealing gaps between visual appeal and physical fidelity.
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MultiWorld: Scalable Multi-Agent Multi-View Video World Models
MultiWorld is a scalable framework for multi-agent multi-view video world models that improves controllability and consistency over single-agent baselines in game and robot tasks.
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Efficient Video Diffusion Models: Advancements and Challenges
A survey that groups efficient video diffusion methods into four paradigms—step distillation, efficient attention, model compression, and cache/trajectory optimization—and outlines open challenges for practical use.
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Cross-Modal Emotion Transfer for Emotion Editing in Talking Face Video
C-MET transfers emotions from speech to facial video by learning cross-modal semantic vectors with pretrained audio and disentangled expression encoders, yielding 14% higher emotion accuracy on MEAD and CREMA-D even for unseen emotions.
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MoRight: Motion Control Done Right
MoRight disentangles object and camera motion via canonical-view specification and temporal cross-view attention, while decomposing motion into active user-driven and passive consequence components to learn and apply causality in video generation.
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OmniCamera: A Unified Framework for Multi-task Video Generation with Arbitrary Camera Control
OmniCamera disentangles video content and camera motion for multi-task generation with arbitrary camera control via the OmniCAM hybrid dataset and Dual-level Curriculum Co-Training.
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HumANDiff: Articulated Noise Diffusion for Motion-Consistent Human Video Generation
HumANDiff improves motion consistency in human video generation by sampling diffusion noise on an articulated human body template and adding joint appearance-motion prediction plus a geometric consistency loss.
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Physics-Aware Video Instance Removal Benchmark
The PVIR benchmark tests video object removal on physical consistency using 95 annotated videos and shows that existing methods struggle with complex interactions like lingering shadows.
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FrameDiT: Diffusion Transformer with Matrix Attention for Efficient Video Generation
FrameDiT proposes Matrix Attention for DiTs to achieve SOTA video generation with improved temporal coherence and efficiency comparable to local factorized attention.
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EduVQA: Towards Concept-Aware Assessment of Educational AI-Generated Videos
EduVQA introduces the first concept-aware benchmark for educational AI-generated video assessment and a S2D-MoE framework that jointly evaluates perceptual quality and fine-grained semantic alignment.
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MultiAnimate: Pose-Guided Image Animation Made Extensible
MultiAnimate adds Identifier Assigner and Identifier Adapter modules to diffusion video models so they can handle multiple characters without identity mix-ups, generalizing from two-character training data to more characters.
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LangDriveCTRL: Natural Language Controllable Driving Scene Editing with Multi-modal Agents
LangDriveCTRL decomposes driving videos into 3D scene graphs and uses an agentic pipeline with specialized multi-modal agents to perform language-controlled object and behavior edits, achieving nearly 2x higher instruction alignment than prior state-of-the-art methods.
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AVI-Edit: Audio-sync Video Instance Editing with Granularity-Aware Mask Refiner
AVI-Edit enables precise audio-synchronized instance-level video editing via a granularity-aware mask refiner, a self-feedback audio agent, and a new large-scale annotated dataset.
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Preserving Source Video Realism: High-Fidelity Face Swapping for Cinematic Quality
LivingSwap is the first video reference-guided face swapping model that uses keyframe conditioning and temporal stitching to preserve source video realism with high fidelity across long sequences.
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One-to-All Animation: Alignment-Free Character Animation and Image Pose Transfer
One-to-All Animation enables alignment-free character animation and image pose transfer via self-supervised outpainting reformulation, reference extraction, hybrid fusion attention, identity-robust pose control, and token replacement for long videos.
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History-Guided Video Diffusion
DFoT enables flexible history conditioning in video diffusion, with history guidance methods that boost temporal consistency and support long rollouts.
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Language Model Beats Diffusion -- Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generation
A new shared video-image tokenizer enables large language models to surpass diffusion models on standard visual generation benchmarks.
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Phenaki: Variable Length Video Generation From Open Domain Textual Description
Phenaki generates arbitrary-length videos from sequences of text prompts by tokenizing videos with causal temporal attention and generating tokens with a text-conditioned masked transformer, trained jointly on images and videos.
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Video Diffusion Models
A diffusion model for video generation extends image architectures with joint image-video training and improved conditional sampling, delivering first large-scale text-to-video results and state-of-the-art performance on video prediction and unconditional generation benchmarks.
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SCOPE: Simulating Cross-game Operations in Playable Environments for FPS World Models
SCOPE adds per-pixel action conditioning to pretrained video diffusion models and releases the CrossFPS multi-game dataset to support cross-game FPS world model simulation with zero-shot transfer.
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Improved Baselines with Representation Autoencoders
RAE v2 reaches gFID 1.06 on ImageNet-256 in 80 epochs by combining multi-layer encoder sums, complementary REPA targets, and free guidance via output reparameterization.
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Quantitative Video World Model Evaluation for Geometric-Consistency
PDI-Bench computes 3D projective residuals from segmented and tracked points to quantify geometric inconsistency in AI-generated videos.
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$h$-control: Training-Free Camera Control via Block-Conditional Gibbs Refinement
h-control augments hard-replacement guidance with block-conditional pseudo-Gibbs refinement on unobserved latent sites and adaptive 3D patch freezing to achieve superior FVD on RealEstate10K and DAVIS.
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CoWorld-VLA: Thinking in a Multi-Expert World Model for Autonomous Driving
CoWorld-VLA extracts semantic, geometric, dynamic, and trajectory expert tokens from multi-source supervision and feeds them into a diffusion-based hierarchical planner, achieving competitive collision avoidance and trajectory accuracy on the NAVSIM v1 benchmark.
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SocialDirector: Training-Free Social Interaction Control for Multi-Person Video Generation
SocialDirector uses spatiotemporal actor masking and directional reweighting on cross-attention maps to reduce actor-action mismatches and improve target-directed interactions in generated multi-person videos.
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DiffATS: Diffusion in Aligned Tensor Space
DiffATS trains diffusion models directly on aligned Tucker tensor primitives that are proven to be homeomorphisms, delivering efficient unconditional and conditional generation across images, videos, and PDE data with high compression.
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Implicit Preference Alignment for Human Image Animation
IPA aligns animation models for superior hand quality via implicit reward maximization on self-generated samples plus hand-focused local optimization, avoiding expensive paired data.
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Velox: Learning Representations of 4D Geometry and Appearance
Velox compresses dynamic point clouds into latent tokens that support geometry via 4D surface modeling and appearance via 3D Gaussians, showing strong results on video-to-4D generation, tracking, and image-to-4D cloth simulation.
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Bridging the Embodiment Gap: Disentangled Cross-Embodiment Video Editing
A dual-contrastive disentanglement method factorizes videos into independent task and embodiment latents, then uses a parameter-efficient adapter on a frozen video diffusion model to synthesize robot executions from single human demonstrations without paired data.
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Divide and Conquer: Decoupled Representation Alignment for Multimodal World Models
M²-REPA decouples modality-specific features inside a diffusion model and aligns each to its matching expert foundation model via an alignment loss plus a decoupling regularizer, yielding better visual quality and long-term consistency in multi-modal video generation.
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AsymTalker: Identity-Consistent Long-Term Talking Head Generation via Asymmetric Distillation
AsymTalker uses temporal reference encoding and asymmetric knowledge distillation to produce identity-consistent talking head videos up to 600 seconds long at 66 FPS.
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HuM-Eval: A Coarse-to-Fine Framework for Human-Centric Video Evaluation
HuM-Eval evaluates human motion videos with a coarse-to-fine approach using VLM global checks plus 2D pose and 3D motion analysis, reaching 58.2% average correlation with human judgments and introducing a 1000-prompt benchmark.
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EAD-Net: Emotion-Aware Talking Head Generation with Spatial Refinement and Temporal Coherence
EAD-Net uses a diffusion model with new spatio-temporal attention, graph-based temporal reasoning, and LLM-derived semantic descriptions to generate emotionally expressive talking head videos with improved lip-sync and coherence over prior methods.
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Exploring the Role of Synthetic Data Augmentation in Controllable Human-Centric Video Generation
Synthetic data complements real data in diffusion-based controllable human video generation, with effective sample selection improving motion realism, temporal consistency, and identity preservation.
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Seen-to-Scene: Keep the Seen, Generate the Unseen for Video Outpainting
Seen-to-Scene unifies propagation-based and generation-based approaches for video outpainting via fine-tuned flow completion and reference-guided latent propagation to deliver superior temporal coherence and efficiency.