Gravitational memory from hairy binary black hole mergers in scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity differs from GR by a few percent due to altered nonlinear dynamics, with direct scalar contributions suppressed, and including memory increases GR-sGB mismatch by more than an order of magnitude.
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Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
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abstract
Advanced gravitational wave detectors, currently under construction, are expected to directly observe gravitational wave signals of astrophysical origin. The Einstein Telescope, a third-generation gravitational wave detector, has been proposed in order to fully open up the emerging field of gravitational wave astronomy. In this article we describe sensitivity models for the Einstein Telescope and investigate potential limits imposed by fundamental noise sources. A special focus is set on evaluating the frequency band below 10Hz where a complex mixture of seismic, gravity gradient, suspension thermal and radiation pressure noise dominates. We develop the most accurate sensitivity model, referred to as ET-D, for a third-generation detector so far, including the most relevant fundamental noise contributions.
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A contrastive self-supervised convolutional autoencoder detects core-collapse supernova gravitational waves with performance comparable to supervised CNNs, better generalization to unseen waveforms, and ~120 kpc sensitive distance under Einstein Telescope noise.
Bubble collisions in a seesaw model produce right-handed neutrinos that source novel gravitational waves detectable by LISA, ET, and LVK while allowing the lightest RHN to explain dark matter or enable leptogenesis.
Defines peak-integrated sensitivity curves (PISCs) that fold in the expected spectral shape of gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions and supplies semianalytical fits plus public data for major detectors.
Tensor perturbations from first-order phase transitions and domain wall annihilation induce curvature fluctuations at second order that form primordial black holes, allowing asteroid-mass PBHs to comprise all dark matter for specific parameter ranges with associated gravitational wave peaks in LISA,
A two-step Bayesian reweighting scheme using Euclid galaxy locations boosts the Bayes factor for true lensed GW pairs by a factor of about 10 while lowering it for unlensed coincidences.
Excitation factors of long-lived quasinormal modes in horizonless compact objects scale with their small imaginary frequency, suppressing early contributions and producing a hierarchy where prompt ringdown uses ordinary modes and late echoes use cavity modes.
Hierarchical Bayesian inference on 20 high-SNR simulated binary neutron star events shows a linear lnΛ-lnQ relation suffices and constrains dynamical Chern-Simons gravity length scale to ≤10 km.
Lunar GW observatories can deliver weeks-to-months early warnings, 0.01 deg² localizations, and ~100 well-localized BNS events per year for GW170817-like sources, with multi-band networks yielding 0.1% mass-ratio and 1% distance precision.
GW231123's masses and high spins are consistent with primordial black holes that accreted mass and angular momentum in the early universe within the standard PBH framework.
Low-scale leptogenesis becomes viable in the neutrino seesaw framework when a first-order electroweak phase transition allows sphalerons to convert lepton asymmetry into baryon asymmetry at temperatures below the Standard Model decoupling point.
Spectral features imprinted by long-lived BSM particles on any primordial GWB directly determine the particles' mass and decay rate once the model and initial abundance are specified.
Flavour deconstruction models with semi-simple gauge groups generically produce light monopoles that require low-scale reheating after inflation to satisfy cosmological and astrophysical bounds.
Finite recombination thickness introduces Gaussian smoothing in ln k to the primordial power spectrum, producing non-trivial differences between TT and EE spectral indices that may be detectable in future CMB data.
Positive running of the spectral index is achievable in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with viable inflation, unlike standard scalar field and F(R) models which face challenges.
Bose enhancement from a transient condensate of inflaton decay products dramatically increases decay efficiency and amplifies stochastic gravitational wave production to potentially observable levels.
LGWA could observe more than one third of known binary black hole events, detect ~90 mergers per year, and measure chirp mass better than third-generation detectors for massive systems.
Density-of-states lattice study of the first-order phase transition in Sp(4) Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature, confirming metastability and surface tension for two temporal extents toward the continuum limit.
FIREFLY accelerates multi-mode GW ringdown analysis by analytically marginalizing QNM amplitudes and phases via Bayesian principles and importance sampling.
High-frequency quasi-reflectionless scattering modes in the greybody factors of ultracompact horizonless objects are responsible for echoes in the time-domain response.
Machine learning extracts core rotation and signal properties from CCSN gravitational waves, with next-generation detectors constraining rotation beyond 100 kpc for favorable orientations despite some uncertainties.
K-inflation with non-canonical kinetic term G(φ) shifts α-attractor T-models and natural inflation into the Planck-ACT-LB-BK18 allowed region while satisfying Swampland conjectures and producing testable GW spectra.
The Aligned 2HDM supports strong first-order electroweak phase transitions that yield LISA-detectable gravitational waves together with LHC-accessible signals from additional neutral and charged Higgs states.
High-quality axion models with N_DW=1 and dark matter abundance requirement restrict the gauge breaking scale to 1.6e11-1e16 GeV, yielding a band of gravitational wave signals from two-step phase transitions consistent with current observations.
citing papers explorer
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Gravitational Memory from Hairy Binary Black Hole Mergers
Gravitational memory from hairy binary black hole mergers in scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity differs from GR by a few percent due to altered nonlinear dynamics, with direct scalar contributions suppressed, and including memory increases GR-sGB mismatch by more than an order of magnitude.
-
Contrastive self-supervised convolutional autoencoder for core-collapse supernova gravitational-wave detection
A contrastive self-supervised convolutional autoencoder detects core-collapse supernova gravitational waves with performance comparable to supervised CNNs, better generalization to unseen waveforms, and ~120 kpc sensitive distance under Einstein Telescope noise.
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Cosmic Collider Gravitational Waves sourced by Right-handed Neutrino production from Bubbles: Testing Seesaw, Leptogenesis and Dark Matter
Bubble collisions in a seesaw model produce right-handed neutrinos that source novel gravitational waves detectable by LISA, ET, and LVK while allowing the lightest RHN to explain dark matter or enable leptogenesis.
-
New Sensitivity Curves for Gravitational-Wave Signals from Cosmological Phase Transitions
Defines peak-integrated sensitivity curves (PISCs) that fold in the expected spectral shape of gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions and supplies semianalytical fits plus public data for major detectors.
-
Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls
Tensor perturbations from first-order phase transitions and domain wall annihilation induce curvature fluctuations at second order that form primordial black holes, allowing asteroid-mass PBHs to comprise all dark matter for specific parameter ranges with associated gravitational wave peaks in LISA,
-
Improved Identification of Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves with Host Galaxy Locations
A two-step Bayesian reweighting scheme using Euclid galaxy locations boosts the Bayes factor for true lensed GW pairs by a factor of about 10 while lowering it for unlensed coincidences.
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Excitation factors for horizonless compact objects: long-lived modes, echoes, and greybody factors
Excitation factors of long-lived quasinormal modes in horizonless compact objects scale with their small imaginary frequency, suppressing early contributions and producing a hierarchy where prompt ringdown uses ordinary modes and late echoes use cavity modes.
-
Inferring neutron-star Love-Q relations from gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework
Hierarchical Bayesian inference on 20 high-SNR simulated binary neutron star events shows a linear lnΛ-lnQ relation suffices and constrains dynamical Chern-Simons gravity length scale to ≤10 km.
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Binary Neutron Stars from the Moon: Early Warnings and Precision Science for the Artemis Era
Lunar GW observatories can deliver weeks-to-months early warnings, 0.01 deg² localizations, and ~100 well-localized BNS events per year for GW170817-like sources, with multi-band networks yielding 0.1% mass-ratio and 1% distance precision.
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GW231123: A Possible Primordial Black Hole Origin
GW231123's masses and high spins are consistent with primordial black holes that accreted mass and angular momentum in the early universe within the standard PBH framework.
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Exploring Leptogenesis in the Era of First Order Electroweak Phase Transition
Low-scale leptogenesis becomes viable in the neutrino seesaw framework when a first-order electroweak phase transition allows sphalerons to convert lepton asymmetry into baryon asymmetry at temperatures below the Standard Model decoupling point.
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Irreducible Gravitational Wave Background as a Particle Detector
Spectral features imprinted by long-lived BSM particles on any primordial GWB directly determine the particles' mass and decay rate once the model and initial abundance are specified.
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Cosmological History of Flavour Deconstruction Models: Constraints from Monopole Production
Flavour deconstruction models with semi-simple gauge groups generically produce light monopoles that require low-scale reheating after inflation to satisfy cosmological and astrophysical bounds.
-
Recombination Thickness as an Uncertainty in Inflationary Observables
Finite recombination thickness introduces Gaussian smoothing in ln k to the primordial power spectrum, producing non-trivial differences between TT and EE spectral indices that may be detectable in future CMB data.
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Positive Running of the Spectral Index for Scalar Theory and Modified Gravity
Positive running of the spectral index is achievable in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with viable inflation, unlike standard scalar field and F(R) models which face challenges.
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Probing Bose-enhanced Inflaton Decay with Gravitational Waves
Bose enhancement from a transient condensate of inflaton decay products dramatically increases decay efficiency and amplifies stochastic gravitational wave production to potentially observable levels.
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Gravitational-wave parameter estimation to the Moon and back: massive binaries and the case of GW231123
LGWA could observe more than one third of known binary black hole events, detect ~90 mergers per year, and measure chirp mass better than third-generation detectors for massive systems.
-
Finite-temperature Yang-Mills theories with the density of states method: towards the continuum limit
Density-of-states lattice study of the first-order phase transition in Sp(4) Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature, confirming metastability and surface tension for two temporal extents toward the continuum limit.
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A practical Bayesian method for gravitational-wave ringdown analysis with multiple modes
FIREFLY accelerates multi-mode GW ringdown analysis by analytically marginalizing QNM amplitudes and phases via Bayesian principles and importance sampling.
-
Greybody factors, reflectionless scattering modes, and echoes of ultracompact horizonless objects
High-frequency quasi-reflectionless scattering modes in the greybody factors of ultracompact horizonless objects are responsible for echoes in the time-domain response.
-
Parameter Estimation Horizon of Core-Collapse Supernovae with Current and Next-Generation Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Machine learning extracts core rotation and signal properties from CCSN gravitational waves, with next-generation detectors constraining rotation beyond 100 kpc for favorable orientations despite some uncertainties.
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Reviving Motivated Inflationary Potentials with $K$-inflation in the light of ACT
K-inflation with non-canonical kinetic term G(φ) shifts α-attractor T-models and natural inflation into the Planck-ACT-LB-BK18 allowed region while satisfying Swampland conjectures and producing testable GW spectra.
-
Electro-Weak Phase Transitions and Collider Signals in the Aligned 2-Higgs Doublet Model
The Aligned 2HDM supports strong first-order electroweak phase transitions that yield LISA-detectable gravitational waves together with LHC-accessible signals from additional neutral and charged Higgs states.
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Probing High-Quality Axions with Gravitational Waves
High-quality axion models with N_DW=1 and dark matter abundance requirement restrict the gauge breaking scale to 1.6e11-1e16 GeV, yielding a band of gravitational wave signals from two-step phase transitions consistent with current observations.
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Uncool soft-wall transitions and gravitational waves
Soft-wall warped geometries yield rapid, mildly supercooled phase transitions whose TeV-scale gravitational wave signals are accessible to space-based interferometers.
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Validating Prior-informed Fisher-matrix Analyses against GWTC Data
Fisher-matrix methods in GWFish match LIGO/Virgo posteriors reasonably when priors are included, with prior impact scaling with parameter degeneracy, supporting their use for ET forecasts.
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Not too close! Evaluating the impact of the baseline on the localization of binary black holes by next-generation gravitational-wave detectors
Baselines of 8-11 ms light travel time for two CE detectors provide a reasonable compromise for BBH sky localization, with third detectors eliminating multimodality for most or all events.
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Residual Test for the Third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
Residuals after subtracting best-fit waveforms from GWTC-3 events show no significant deviation from noise according to three standard goodness-of-fit tests.
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Science with the Einstein Telescope: a comparison of different designs
The paper evaluates how triangular versus two-L-shaped geometries, arm lengths, and presence of low-frequency instruments affect the science reach of the Einstein Telescope for compact binaries, multi-messenger events, and stochastic backgrounds.
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Science Case for the Einstein Telescope
The Einstein Telescope will enable gravitational-wave observations up to cosmological distances, opening avenues for discoveries in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics.
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The Science of the Einstein Telescope
The paper provides state-of-the-art predictions for the Einstein Telescope's impact on fundamental physics, cosmology, compact-object astrophysics, and multi-messenger astronomy across its proposed configurations.