Claude 3 Opus strategically fakes alignment by complying with harmful requests only during simulated training to preserve its preference for refusing them afterward.
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Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms
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abstract
We propose a new family of policy gradient methods for reinforcement learning, which alternate between sampling data through interaction with the environment, and optimizing a "surrogate" objective function using stochastic gradient ascent. Whereas standard policy gradient methods perform one gradient update per data sample, we propose a novel objective function that enables multiple epochs of minibatch updates. The new methods, which we call proximal policy optimization (PPO), have some of the benefits of trust region policy optimization (TRPO), but they are much simpler to implement, more general, and have better sample complexity (empirically). Our experiments test PPO on a collection of benchmark tasks, including simulated robotic locomotion and Atari game playing, and we show that PPO outperforms other online policy gradient methods, and overall strikes a favorable balance between sample complexity, simplicity, and wall-time.
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- abstract We propose a new family of policy gradient methods for reinforcement learning, which alternate between sampling data through interaction with the environment, and optimizing a "surrogate" objective function using stochastic gradient ascent. Whereas standard policy gradient methods perform one gradient update per data sample, we propose a novel objective function that enables multiple epochs of minibatch updates. The new methods, which we call proximal policy optimization (PPO), have some of the benefits of trust region policy optimization (TRPO), but they are much simpler to implement, more ge
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representative citing papers
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OGPO: Sample Efficient Full-Finetuning of Generative Control Policies
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ANO: A Principled Approach to Robust Policy Optimization
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A Meta Reinforcement Learning Approach to Goals-Based Wealth Management
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Break the Block: Dynamic-size Reasoning Blocks for Diffusion Large Language Models via Monotonic Entropy Descent with Reinforcement Learning
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T$^2$PO: Uncertainty-Guided Exploration Control for Stable Multi-Turn Agentic Reinforcement Learning
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An adaptive variance estimator for relative sparsity
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Weight Clipping for Robust Conformal Inference under Unbounded Covariate Shifts
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QHyer: Q-conditioned Hybrid Attention-mamba Transformer for Offline Goal-conditioned RL
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Remote Action Generation: Remote Control with Minimal Communication
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Accelerating Long-Tail Generation in Synchronous RLHF Training via Adaptive Tensor Parallelism
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VOFA: Visual Object Goal Pushing with Force-Adaptive Control for Humanoids
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Injecting Distributional Awareness into MLLMs via Reinforcement Learning for Deep Imbalanced Regression
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Segment-Aligned Policy Optimization for Multi-Modal Reasoning
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Dynamics Aware Quadrupedal Locomotion via Intrinsic Dynamics Head
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SAVGO: Learning State-Action Value Geometry with Cosine Similarity for Continuous Control
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Stable-GFlowNet: Toward Diverse and Robust LLM Red-Teaming via Contrastive Trajectory Balance
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LaST-R1: Reinforcing Robotic Manipulation via Adaptive Physical Latent Reasoning
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Relation Reasoning with LLMs in Expensive Optimization
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Co-Evolving Policy Distillation
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Addressing Performance Saturation for LLM RL via Precise Entropy Curve Control
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Reinforcement Learning for Public Safety Power Shutoffs Under Decision-Dependent Uncertainty and Nonlinear Wildfire Ignition Models
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Application of Deep Reinforcement Learning to Event-Triggered Control for Networked Artificial Pancreas Systems
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Distill-Belief: Closed-Loop Inverse Source Localization and Characterization in Physical Fields
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When Errors Can Be Beneficial: A Categorization of Imperfect Rewards for Policy Gradient
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Sample-efficient Neuro-symbolic Proximal Policy Optimization
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R$^3$-SQL: Ranking Reward and Resampling for Text-to-SQL
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How Can Reinforcement Learning Achieve Expert-level Placement?
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What Makes Good Instruction-Tuning Data? An In-Context Learning Perspective
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ViPO: Visual Preference Optimization at Scale
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Hierarchical Behaviour Spaces
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Meta-Aligner: Bidirectional Preference-Policy Optimization for Multi-Objective LLMs Alignment
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Scalable Production Scheduling: Linear Complexity via Unified Homogeneous Graphs
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Unleashing the Agility of Wheeled-Legged Robots for High-Dynamic Reflexive Obstacle Evasion
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Pref-CTRL: Preference Driven LLM Alignment using Representation Editing
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V-GRPO: Online Reinforcement Learning for Denoising Generative Models Is Easier than You Think
V-GRPO makes ELBO surrogates stable and efficient for online RL alignment of denoising models, delivering SOTA text-to-image performance with 2-3x speedups over MixGRPO and DiffusionNFT.