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The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
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The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will provide the data to support detailed investigations of the distribution of luminous and non- luminous matter in the Universe: a photometrically and astrometrically calibrated digital imaging survey of pi steradians above about Galactic latitude 30 degrees in five broad optical bands to a depth of g' about 23 magnitudes, and a spectroscopic survey of the approximately one million brightest galaxies and 10^5 brightest quasars found in the photometric object catalog produced by the imaging survey. This paper summarizes the observational parameters and data products of the SDSS, and serves as an introduction to extensive technical on-line documentation.
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Mitigating Charge Migration in JWST NIRISS Reveals That KELT-7 b is a Metal-enriched Ultra-hot Jupiter Orbiting a Young Metal-rich Star
Correcting NIRISS charge migration reveals KELT-7 b as a metal-enriched (~92x solar) ultra-hot Jupiter with H2O, CO2 and TiO but no H- or clouds, orbiting a young metal-rich star.
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Integral field spectroscopy with no IFUs: combining wide-field rotational slitless spectroscopy with tomographic reconstruction
ROSSINI achieves integral field spectroscopy without IFUs via rotational slitless imaging combined with tomographic reconstruction, recovering input datacubes to percent-level accuracy in numerical simulations.
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Cosmological analysis of the DESI DR1 Lyman alpha 1D power spectrum
DESI DR1 Lyman-alpha data yields Δ²★=0.379±0.032 and n★=-2.309±0.019 at k★=0.009 km⁻¹s and z=3, sharpening N_eff, α_s, and β_s constraints by factors of 1.18-1.90 when combined with other probes.
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Tomographic Alcock-Paczynski Test with Marked Correlation Functions
First integration of tomographic AP tests with MCFs and PCA compression yields 48% and 45% tighter errors on Ω_m and w versus standard two-point functions.
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Characterization of DESI fiber assignment incompleteness effect on 2-point clustering and mitigation methods for DR1 analysis
Pairwise inverse probability weights with angular upweighting recover the true clustering of DESI DR1 galaxies despite fiber assignment incompleteness, in both configuration and Fourier space.
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AGN radiative feedback as the main regulator of [O III] outflow activity and obscuration in X-ray AGN
Higher Eddington ratio AGN exhibit increased [O III] outflow incidence and reduced obscuration, supporting radiative feedback as the regulator.
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CORN -- Chronometers of Relic Nature I: The first estimate of the expansion rate of the Universe using compact relic galaxies
The first Hubble-parameter measurement using relic galaxies gives H(z=0.15)=85±53 km/s/Mpc and identifies alpha-element enhancement as a major systematic in the Dn4000 chronometer method.
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Multi-tracer mass bias in matched cosmic voids from SDSS DR7 and the ELUCID constrained simulation
Galaxy and subhalo mass fractions relative to dark matter decrease towards the centres of matched cosmic voids, with galaxy-to-subhalo ratios limited by the scarcity of massive subhaloes.
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Wild behaviour near the finish line: the Type Ibn SN 2020able and its stratified environment
The Type Ibn supernova SN 2020able exploded inside a stratified, three-component helium-rich envelope, with an inner dense shell from a pre-explosion eruption and an outer shell consistent with a Wolf-Rayet wind.
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A low value of $H_0$ in tension with the distance ladder from Megamasers using peculiar velocity reconstruction
Reanalyzing six megamaser galaxies with the M25 peculiar velocity reconstruction yields H0 ≈ 68.7 km/s/Mpc, consistent with the CMB and about 2.2σ below the local distance ladder.
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Where did all the Little Red Dots go? The abundance of LRD analogues among objects with broad lines at $z < 0.35$
Only 0.08% of low-redshift broad-line objects have SEDs resembling high-redshift Little Red Dots, yielding nine candidates, one of which is the known analogue 'The Egg'.
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Cosmic Velocity Flows: from Theory to Observations
A methods-heavy thesis presenting the Sahyadri simulation suite, calibrated filament reconstruction with Fourier smoothing, and the hierarchical Voronoi filament finder Skeletor, with phase-space analyses of filament ...
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PhoPS: An automated photometric pipeline for survey-era astronomy
PhoPS is an open-source Python pipeline that automatically calibrates astrometry and photometry using on-the-fly Gaia DR3 reference indexes and a robust field-dependent zero-point model.
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Lyman-$\alpha$ forest holography: 3D predictions from 1D measurements
One-dimensional Lyman-α forest power spectrum measurements, propagated through the ForestFlow emulator, predict three-dimensional clustering that matches DESI BAO and ACCEL-2 simulation results.
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The Twentieth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First All-Sky BOSS Spectra, eROSITA-SDSS-V Mapper Coordinated Observations, and a Preview of the Local Volume Mapper
DR20 releases over three million BOSS spectra (first southern-hemisphere SDSS-V optical data), 169 LVM integral-field tiles over six targets, and eighteen value-added catalogs.
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Syntriod: A Robust Initial Parameter Estimator for Radial Velocity Curve Solutions Beyond Conventional Sampling Limits
Syntriod recovers Keplerian orbital periods from sparse RV data at ~94% success with six points and ~83% with five, outperforming Lomb–Scargle and also recovering mass ratio and systemic velocity below the sampling limit.
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Too many quiescent late-type galaxies or a matter of misclassification?
Quiescent late-type galaxies in SDSS morphological catalogues are overestimated by a factor of ~2 due to misclassified edge-on S0 galaxies.
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Spectral Data-cube Cleaning for CCAT Deep Spectroscopic Survey. I. Effect of correlated noise and filtering on the power spectrum
The EoR-Spec Filter-and-Bin pipeline suppresses atmospheric 1/f noise by about four orders of magnitude and recovers the [CII]+CO power spectrum above k ~ 0.1 Mpc^-1, but suppresses large-scale modes below 20% transfe...
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Fuelling the central region of galaxies with misaligned gas accretion
Kinematically misaligned gas accretion sustains main-sequence-level star formation only below ~1e10 Msun; above that, central gas is present but dilution by pre-existing mass keeps specific star formation low.
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First planetesimals from DESI DR1: 12 highly metal-rich white dwarfs
Twelve white dwarfs from DESI DR1 have accreted debris resembling inner-Solar-System rock, with two systems likely accreting water-rich planetesimals.
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Mapping Dust Attenuation at Kiloparsec Scales. III. The 2175\AA\ Bump
The 2175Å attenuation bump is strongest at low Σ_Hα/Σ_* (especially non-SF regions) while absolute strength tracks dust column, supporting local radiation-field processing of its carriers.
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Variables in S-PLUS: I. Multiband period-luminosity relations and reddening maps of the Magellanic Clouds using classical Cepheids
First multiband P-L relations for Cepheids in S-PLUS system with reddening maps of the Magellanic Clouds from single-epoch photometry.
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Consistency of DES and DESI distances and the Standard Cosmological Model
DESI recovers the CMB-constrained parameter combination at sub-percent precision; high-redshift DES supernovae fit flat Lambda CDM while a 0.05 mag offset in the low-redshift anchor sample may be systematic, supportin...
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The Hubble Missing Globular Clusters Survey IV. Ultra-faint compact satellites of the Milky Way. The case of Koposov 2
Koposov 2 is shown to be an old (13.7 Gyr) star cluster with half-light radius 2.7 pc, absolute magnitude -0.95, and stellar mass 372 solar masses, supporting a star cluster classification over a dwarf galaxy.
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Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy with One Fiber
A masked autoencoder model trained on 4.7 million DESI single-fiber observations predicts emission-line maps from images that match independent MaNGA IFU data without any IFU training.
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Mapping the nuclear environments of extreme coronal line emitting galaxies
Multi-epoch spectroscopy of 33 ECLEs shows coronal lines emitted at intermediate radii with log(distance)-log(black hole mass) slopes of 0.63 and 0.69 for [O III] and [Fe VII], consistent with photoionization setting ...
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A New Record Census of Dwarf AGN and a Bimodal $M_{\rm BH}$-$M_{\star}$ Scaling Relation with DESI DR1
DESI DR1 yields 314k high-mass and 9.6k dwarf AGN, extending the M_BH-M_star relation to log M_star ~7.8 and suggesting two evolutionary pathways for galaxies and black holes.
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Understanding the Broad-line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei with Photoionization. II. Slim disks, Self-shadowing, and BLR sizes
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
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Cosmological Constraints from Bias-Robust Wavelet Scattering Statistics for Stage-IV Galaxy Surveys
The paper develops R^wst, a bias-robust wavelet scattering statistic that delivers unbiased constraints on cosmological parameters and improves degeneracy breaking versus the two-point correlation function via simulat...
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VarWISE: Infrared Variability via NEOWISE Single Exposure Photometry
VarWISE catalog identifies 457,080 high-confidence infrared variables (49.81% new) and an extended set of 1.9 million from NEOWISE photometry via spatial clustering, VARnet detection, and XGBoost classification.
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Unveiling compact planetary nebulae: Broad-band survey analysis and LAMOST confirmation
A new Gaia plus Pan-STARRS color-color selection method identifies compact planetary nebulae and yields the discovery of the high-ionization PN J020808.63+491401.0, confirmed by LAMOST spectroscopy and Cloudy modeling.
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Growth, geometry, and early-universe split of the matter density parameter $\Omega_{\rm m}$
Splitting Ω_m into geometry, growth, and early-universe regimes yields mutually compatible values, yet ΔΩ_m^{geo,early} is 2σ from zero under combined DES, Planck (scale-cut), DESI, Pantheon+, and RSD data.
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Constraints on the population level distribution of nearby Dark Matter halo shapes with extragalactic streams
A gold subsample of 17 photometry-only extragalactic streams yields a mildly oblate dark-matter halo population with mean flattening μ_q ≈ 0.72 and scatter σ_q ≈ 0.34.
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The FAST HI 21-cm Absorption Blind Survey. III. OH Absorption Search in the 21-cm Absorber Sample and Continued HI Absorption Search
A blind FAST survey of 41 HI absorbers re-detected the known OH absorber PKS 1413+135, found no new OH, and set [OH]/[HI] upper limits near 1e-8.
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How large can galaxies be? Ultra-deep imaging of IC 1101, the most extended known galaxy
Ultra-deep imaging places the edge of IC 1101's main stellar body at ~260 kpc, a ~520 kpc diameter that is the largest galaxy edge measured to date.
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A machine learning approach to estimating HI deficiency in galaxies
A random forest model trained on isolated ALFALFA-SDSS galaxies predicts HI mass from optical properties with RMSE≈0.22 dex, revealing a 0.15 dex median HI deficiency increase in dense environments.
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Deep far-UV observations of the ELAIS N1 field using AstroSat: Source catalogue, spectral energy distribution modelling and star formation
UVIT FUV catalogues of ELAIS N1 plus CIGALE SED fits show SFR increasing with redshift and a flat young-to-total stellar mass ratio to z≲0.76, consistent with secular SFMS evolution.
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S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): II. PZWav versus redMaPPer identification of eRosita groups
A probabilistic Hausdorff-distance matching of PZWav/AME optical systems to eRASS1 X-ray contours yields multi-wavelength group/cluster catalogs with tunable purity and improved low-mass completeness versus redMaPPer.
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S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known clusters and groups in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038
SCALE delivers dynamical properties for 83 known z≤0.1 systems and uses S-PLUS photo-zs plus RPM to map Abell 4038 substructure and mass-dependent color-concentration trends.
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Optically Selected Superthin Galaxies Remain Thin in the Near-infrared
Optically selected superthin galaxies remain superthin in NIR with unchanged axis ratios, showing no prominent thick disk from old stars, and prefer lower-density environments consistent with high-halo-spin formation.
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COSMOS-Web: does halo mass alone shape the clustering of star-forming and quiescent galaxies?
Quiescent galaxies cluster more strongly than star-forming ones by 0.5-1 dex after halo-mass matching, with one-halo conformity up to z~2 that disappears at higher redshifts.
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MSFA-Net: An Advanced Deep Learning Model for Identifying Blue Horizontal-Branch Stars from LAMOST DR12
MSFA-Net applies multi-scale convolutions and soft frequency attention to LAMOST spectra, achieving high-precision BHB identification and adding 3583 new candidates to the catalog.
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Cosmic evolution of the helium and oxygen abundances in type 2 Active Galactic Nuclei: Helium-loud AGNs
Abundance analysis of 84 type-2 AGNs finds oversolar He and subsolar O at z>2.8, including one object at z=6.26 with record He abundance of 12+log(He/H)=11.64, plus marginal trends of declining He/H and rising O/H toward z=0.
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Revisiting the 'Lensing is Low' Problem with UNIONS
New UNIONS galaxy-galaxy lensing data around CMASS galaxies indicates no significant lensing is low problem, with joint HOD fits to GGL and GC favoring a slightly lower matter power spectrum amplitude than Planck.
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Recalibration of SDSS photometric zero-points based on the InfraRed Flux Method temperature scale
Revised SDSS ugriz zero-points obtained by inverting IRFM on 6000+ FGK stars to match an adopted temperature scale, with largest offset in u band depending on filter curves.
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Decadal pre-explosion activity and circumstellar interaction in a supernova
SN 2026gzf exhibits early circumstellar interaction with 0.02 solar masses of material and decadal pre-explosion variability suggesting enhanced eruptive mass loss.
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Cosmological constraints from neighbor-density-weighted marked correlation functions
Neighbor-density-weighted marked correlation functions improve FoM for Ωm–σ8 by 1.7–2.5× over standard 2PCF using Gaussian-process emulators on 129 w0waCDM+∑mν simulations.
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Bulgeless Evolution And the Rise of Discs (BEARD) I. Physical drivers of the mass-size relation for Milky Way-like galaxies
Bulgeless galaxies trace the upper envelope of the mass-R1 relation with scatter driven by central stellar density and the spatial configuration of mergers rather than their number.
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Hyrax: An Extensible Framework for Rapid ML Experimentation and Unsupervised Discovery in the Era of Rubin, Roman, and Euclid
Hyrax is a GPU-enabled open-source framework for the full ML lifecycle in astronomy, with demonstrations of unsupervised discovery and classification on real survey data from Rubin, ZTF, and other projects.
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Applying Liouville's Theorem to Gaia Data
Phase-space density is recovered from Gaia data for M4 and disrupted streams by correcting entropy injection and minimizing stream entropy, enabling original mass inference via Liouville's theorem.
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Investigating radio source population $\&$ spatial characteristics of diffuse Galactic synchrotron emission in the GAMA-23 field with uGMRT Band-3
A 325 MHz uGMRT mosaic of the GAMA-23 field yields a 5741-source catalog, source counts, spectral indices, and angular power spectra of diffuse Galactic synchrotron emission.
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Present Day Cosmic Acceleration from SDSS and DESI BAO: A Call for Finer Tomography of the DESI Bright Galaxy Survey
DESI BAO+CMB yielding a positive present-day deceleration parameter q0≈0.10 (vs SDSS's q0≈−0.22) is explained by DESI's higher lowest effective redshift (0.295 vs 0.15), not by new physics.
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Modern tidal interaction models for rapid binary population synthesis: II. Binary black hole formation, mergers, and spins
Simulations with a new tidal model in COMPAS predict that merging binary black holes from isolated evolution are strongly biased to low effective spins, with one third below 0.05 and only 3% above 0.5, but the high-sp...
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Empirical colour--effective temperature relations in the SDSS system from IRFM temperatures of GALAH and APOGEE stars
New empirical color-Teff calibrations in the SDSS system from IRFM temperatures of 3902 GALAH and 2535 APOGEE stars, with 30-50 K precision for long-baseline colors.
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Taking Inventory of the Most Promising Lensed Radio Sources for Constraining Fundamental Properties of Dark Matter
Reports results from two searches for new radio lenses in existing surveys and discusses the completeness of the population usable for constraining dark matter properties via astrometric perturbations.
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Nuclear Activity and Host Galaxy Properties of Low-Luminosity AGN Identified from VLA Observations
VLA radio-selected LLAGN show 84% optical, 63% X-ray, and 13% infrared detection rates, with black holes ~0.7 dex smaller, accretion rates ~4.2 dex lower, and host galaxies ~0.3 dex lower in stellar mass with ~0.5 dex...
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COOL-LAMPS IX: A Rare Duo of Quasars Each Lensed by a Single Massive Galaxy Cluster
A single galaxy cluster lenses two quasars (one Type I at z=1.524, one dust-obscured Type II at z=1.939) into four images each, yielding a projected mass of ~3.3e14 solar masses within 500 kpc and time delays of hundr...
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DESI DR2 Results I: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest
DESI DR2 delivers 0.65% precision BAO measurements from the LyA forest at z_eff=2.33, with D_H/r_d = 8.632 ± 0.098 ± 0.026 and D_M/r_d = 38.99 ± 0.52 ± 0.12.
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Cosmological searches for the neutrino mass scale and mass ordering
Thesis summarizing an upper limit of 0.12 eV on the neutrino mass sum, bias calibration via CMB lensing cross-correlations, and tighter limits plus stronger normal-ordering preference in non-phantom dynamical dark ene...
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Tracing Cold Gas in Absorption Across Cosmic Time with the SKA
SKAO will enable HI and OH absorption surveys to characterize cold gas properties in galaxies from z=0 to beyond z=6.
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