The eRASS1 data release catalogs nearly 930,000 X-ray sources from the first six months of the eROSITA survey, increasing known sources by over 60% and resolving 20% of the 1-2 keV cosmic X-ray background.
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Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
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abstract
Radiation, winds and jets from the active nucleus of a massive galaxy can interact with its interstellar medium leading to ejection or heating of the gas. This can terminate star formation in the galaxy and stifle accretion onto the black hole. Such Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) feedback can account for the observed proportionality between central black hole and host galaxy mass. Direct observational evidence for the radiative or quasar mode of feedback, which occurs when the AGN is very luminous, has been difficult to obtain but is accumulating from a few exceptional objects. Feedback from the kinetic or radio mode, which uses the mechanical energy of radio-emitting jets often seen when the AGN is operating at a lower level, is common in massive elliptical galaxies. This mode is well observed directly through X-ray observations of the central galaxies of cool core clusters in the form of bubbles in the hot surrounding medium. The energy flow, which is roughly continuous, heats the hot intracluster gas and reduces radiative cooling and subsequent star formation by an order of magnitude. Feedback appears to maintain a long-lived heating/cooling balance. Powerful, jetted radio outbursts may represent a further mode of energy feedback which affect the cores of groups and subclusters. New telescopes and instruments from the radio to X-ray bands will come into operation over the next few years and lead to a rapid expansion in observational data on all modes of AGN feedback.
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representative citing papers
Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
SPHEREx data confirm 77 new luminous heavily reddened quasars at 1.5<z<3.9 that are hot-dust poor relative to unobscured quasars, supporting a blow-out feedback phase.
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
Resolved gas and dust maps in a z=2 quiescent galaxy reveal accreted material from tidal interactions and a past star-formation rejuvenation, indicating that gas content variations are not solely due to consumption timescales.
AGN feedback creates a mass-independent entropy ceiling that allows outflows to escape halos only below M_200m = 10^13.7 M_sun, explaining depleted gas in groups versus near-cosmic fractions in clusters.
The cosmologically integrated neutrino emission from supermassive black hole coronae in Seyfert galaxies can account for the sub-PeV diffuse extragalactic neutrino flux observed by IceCube.
Multi-frequency radio data supports Abell 980 as hosting a detached double-double radio galaxy formed by two jet episodes from the BCG with subsequent lateral drift causing loss of lobe colinearity.
Accreting X-ray sources cannot supply enough EUV photons to account for He III regions in metal-poor star-forming dwarf galaxies.
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
ArkenstoneBH is a new subgrid model for the hot phase of black hole feedback that, in isolated galaxy tests, suppresses star formation by counteracting gas inflows from the circumgalactic medium.
Quasar nebulae at z~1 are diverse objects shaped by galaxy interactions, host gas, group environments, and quasar activity, with the largest irregular ones most tied to interactions.
Lya nebulae around unobscured quasars are more extended, asymmetric, and show steeper velocity dispersion declines than those around obscured quasars, supporting an evolutionary AGN model at cosmic noon.
FRB DMs correlate at 2.6-5 sigma with galaxies, weak lensing, CIB, CMB lensing, tSZ, X-ray clusters, SXRB and radio continuum, consistent with moderate feedback models while ruling out weak feedback at 3.5 sigma via SXRB-DM.
JADES DR5 delivers a public catalog of Bayesian-inferred stellar masses, SFRs, SFHs, dust, metallicities, and AGN contributions for ~500k galaxies via Prospector with an evolving SFMS prior.
Hydrodynamic simulations demonstrate that sloshing and AGN heating together can delay or prevent cooling flows in galaxy cluster cores, with non-trivial interactions where certain sloshing wavelengths paradoxically enhance net cooling.
Stacking analysis shows mean SFR in massive galaxies at 2<z<4.5 declines along the Hubble sequence from ~280 M⊙/yr in irregulars to ~80 M⊙/yr in spheroids, with a simple chemical evolution model explaining the rise in dust-to-stellar mass ratio out to z~8.
Halo-driven transient rapid growth followed by thermodynamic suppression explains over-massive black holes and Little Red Dots as precursors to standard SMBH-galaxy coevolution.
VLBA multi-frequency imaging resolves a collimated jet extending ~745 pc in the z=3.4351 super-Eddington radio-loud quasar ID830, with v ≳ 0.19c and viewing angle ≲ 79° but δ ~ 1.
Spatially resolved HI survey of eight Seyfert galaxies shows AGN feedback has limited impact on global atomic gas disk structure but may enhance local turbulence.
Post-starburst galaxies at cosmic noon show very low radio detection rates and compact weak sources, consistent with short-lived low-luminosity AGN, while older quiescent galaxies exhibit stronger extended radio emission.
FIRE-2 simulations show that stellar radial redistribution scatter saturates at ~2 kpc for stars older than ~3 Gyr, with net orbital changes depending on age and current radius, broadly matching Milky Way observations.
UV background suppresses NEI in galaxy haloes, restoring equilibrium shock thresholds and producing extended absorption columns for OVI, CIV, and HI beyond the virial radius.
citing papers explorer
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The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: First X-ray catalogues and data release of the western Galactic hemisphere
The eRASS1 data release catalogs nearly 930,000 X-ray sources from the first six months of the eROSITA survey, increasing known sources by over 60% and resolving 20% of the 1-2 keV cosmic X-ray background.
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\texttt{calypso}: a Parameter-Conditioned Stochastic Surrogate Model for Circumbinary Accretion Time-Series
Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
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SDSS-V: Revealing a weak accretion state in X-ray selected red quasars
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
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Hidden Monsters with SPHEREx I: A goldmine for heavily reddened quasars at cosmic noon
SPHEREx data confirm 77 new luminous heavily reddened quasars at 1.5<z<3.9 that are hot-dust poor relative to unobscured quasars, supporting a blow-out feedback phase.
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pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
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Resolved Maps of Gas and Dust in a Massive Quiescent Galaxy at z=2 from INQUEST-JWST: Evidence of Accretion and Rejuvenation
Resolved gas and dust maps in a z=2 quiescent galaxy reveal accreted material from tidal interactions and a past star-formation rejuvenation, indicating that gas content variations are not solely due to consumption timescales.
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The limits of feedback from active galactic nuclei
AGN feedback creates a mass-independent entropy ceiling that allows outflows to escape halos only below M_200m = 10^13.7 M_sun, explaining depleted gas in groups versus near-cosmic fractions in clusters.
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Particle Acceleration, Coronal Neutrino Production, and the Diffuse Extragalactic Neutrino Background from Supermassive Black Holes
The cosmologically integrated neutrino emission from supermassive black hole coronae in Seyfert galaxies can account for the sub-PeV diffuse extragalactic neutrino flux observed by IceCube.
-
The radio source in Abell 980: A Detached-Double-Double Radio Galaxy?
Multi-frequency radio data supports Abell 980 as hosting a detached double-double radio galaxy formed by two jet episodes from the BCG with subsequent lateral drift causing loss of lobe colinearity.
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A Multiwavelength Assessment Disfavoring the X-ray Binary Origin of He III Regions in Metal-Poor Star-Forming Dwarf Galaxies
Accreting X-ray sources cannot supply enough EUV photons to account for He III regions in metal-poor star-forming dwarf galaxies.
-
Kinematic Stratification in Extremely Red Quasars Revealed by JWST
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
-
ArkenstoneBH. A model for high-specific energy black hole feedback in cosmological simulations
ArkenstoneBH is a new subgrid model for the hot phase of black hole feedback that, in isolated galaxy tests, suppresses star formation by counteracting gas inflows from the circumgalactic medium.
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A Comprehensive Study of Morphology and Kinematics in Extended Nebulae Around UV Luminous Quasars at $z\approx1$
Quasar nebulae at z~1 are diverse objects shaped by galaxy interactions, host gas, group environments, and quasar activity, with the largest irregular ones most tied to interactions.
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Constraining the nature of active galactic nuclei through circumgalactic Lya emission at z=2-3
Lya nebulae around unobscured quasars are more extended, asymmetric, and show steeper velocity dispersion declines than those around obscured quasars, supporting an evolutionary AGN model at cosmic noon.
-
Backlighting the Cosmic Web with Fast Radio Bursts: An Anthology of Dispersion Measure Cross-Correlations with Large-Scale Structure and Baryon Tracers
FRB DMs correlate at 2.6-5 sigma with galaxies, weak lensing, CIB, CMB lensing, tSZ, X-ray clusters, SXRB and radio continuum, consistent with moderate feedback models while ruling out weak feedback at 3.5 sigma via SXRB-DM.
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JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) Data Release 5: stellar population catalogue for galaxies in GOODS-N and GOODS-S
JADES DR5 delivers a public catalog of Bayesian-inferred stellar masses, SFRs, SFHs, dust, metallicities, and AGN contributions for ~500k galaxies via Prospector with an evolving SFMS prior.
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Suppression of Radiative Cooling in Galaxy Cluster Cores by the Combination of AGN Heating and Sloshing
Hydrodynamic simulations demonstrate that sloshing and AGN heating together can delay or prevent cooling flows in galaxy cluster cores, with non-trivial interactions where certain sloshing wavelengths paradoxically enhance net cooling.
-
COSMOS-Web: Star formation along the early Hubble sequence and the evolution of dust over the redshift range 0<z<12
Stacking analysis shows mean SFR in massive galaxies at 2<z<4.5 declines along the Hubble sequence from ~280 M⊙/yr in irregulars to ~80 M⊙/yr in spheroids, with a simple chemical evolution model explaining the rise in dust-to-stellar mass ratio out to z~8.
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Halo-driven Origin and Suppression of Over-massive Black Holes and Little Red Dots
Halo-driven transient rapid growth followed by thermodynamic suppression explains over-massive black holes and Little Red Dots as precursors to standard SMBH-galaxy coevolution.
-
A VLBA-resolved Jet Associated with Super-Eddington Accretion in a Radio-loud Quasar at $z=3.4$
VLBA multi-frequency imaging resolves a collimated jet extending ~745 pc in the z=3.4351 super-Eddington radio-loud quasar ID830, with v ≳ 0.19c and viewing angle ≲ 79° but δ ~ 1.
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A Spatially Resolved HI Survey of Seyfert Galaxies: the Role of AGN Feedback in Shaping Atomic Gas Reservoirs
Spatially resolved HI survey of eight Seyfert galaxies shows AGN feedback has limited impact on global atomic gas disk structure but may enhance local turbulence.
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Tracing Radio AGN-Driven Quenching in Post-Starburst Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
Post-starburst galaxies at cosmic noon show very low radio detection rates and compact weak sources, consistent with short-lived low-luminosity AGN, while older quiescent galaxies exhibit stronger extended radio emission.
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Radial redistribution of stellar orbits in FIRE simulations of Milky-Way-mass galaxies
FIRE-2 simulations show that stellar radial redistribution scatter saturates at ~2 kpc for stars older than ~3 Gyr, with net orbital changes depending on age and current radius, broadly matching Milky Way observations.
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Non-Equilibrium Ionisation in Photoionised Haloes: Implications for Shock Stability and Absorption-Line Signatures
UV background suppresses NEI in galaxy haloes, restoring equilibrium shock thresholds and producing extended absorption columns for OVI, CIV, and HI beyond the virial radius.
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The Evolution of the SFR-M_* relation at 0.1<z<4: Environmental and Morphological Dependencies
The SFR-M_* relation develops a high-mass decline at low redshifts, driven mainly by morphological quenching from internal structure rather than environmental effects on star-forming galaxies.
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GOALS-JWST: Resolved multi-phase molecular gas in IRAS 20551-4250 using JWST and ALMA
Multi-phase molecular gas in IRAS20551-4250 is dominated by cold CO, shows UV-heated warm H2, tidal features from a merger, and no molecular outflows, consistent with ongoing star formation.
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Morphological and Star Formation Properties of Cosmic Noon Massive Quiescent Galaxies
Massive quiescent galaxies at cosmic noon are compact and bulge-dominated with inside-out quenching, where inner regions formed stars ~0.5 Gyr earlier and quenched faster than outskirts.
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Molecular Outflows in the Nucleus of the Nearby Compton-thick AGN NGC 3079
NOEMA CO(2-1) data show a nuclear molecular outflow in NGC 3079 offset by 14 pc with velocities -350 to -450 km/s, mass outflow rate 8.82 M_sun/yr, kinetic power 3.8e41 erg/s, and momentum rate 15 times the AGN radiation momentum, indicating an energy-driven jet-powered outflow.
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A Quasar--Companion System Without AGN Outflow at $z \sim 6$: The Case of PSO J083+11
New ALMA [C II] and FIR data on PSO J083+11 at z=6.34 reveal ordered rotation, typical star-forming ratios, and no outflow signatures in either galaxy, interpreted as a pre-AGN-feedback accretion phase.
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The PARADIGM Project II: Characterising Nuclear and Diffuse Radio Components in Local U/LIRGs
Multi-scale radio observations of 15 local U/LIRGs decompose emission to show nuclear components contribute ~50% on average while diffuse SF-related emission dominates ~80% of total power, with radio excess linked to AGN rather than boosted star formation.
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Nuclear Activity and Host Galaxy Properties of Low-Luminosity AGN Identified from VLA Observations
VLA radio-selected LLAGN show 84% optical, 63% X-ray, and 13% infrared detection rates, with black holes ~0.7 dex smaller, accretion rates ~4.2 dex lower, and host galaxies ~0.3 dex lower in stellar mass with ~0.5 dex suppressed star formation than Swift-BAT AGN.
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Clusters Hiding Under Millimeter Sources (CHUMS) I: Extreme CHUMS
AGN emission from central galaxies hides galaxy clusters in SZ surveys; CARMA-based subtraction recovers high-SNR detections in ACT maps for three specific clusters.
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PEARLS: Two Distinct Populations of AGN Hosts Moving Between Star Formation and Quiescence
NIRCam-selected AGN hosts split into a 'bridge' group with moderate-to-low SFRs and a 'branch' group above the SFMS with SFR rising with AGN fraction; both populations show recent transitions between star formation and quiescence.
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Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays: SUBWAYS IV. Tracing Radio Emission and Unveiling the Role of Winds
In X-ray selected AGN, those hosting ultra-fast outflows exhibit larger radio extensions and steep spectra matching wind-driven shock models.
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The Role of Cluster Environments in Quiescent Galaxy Stellar Halo Assembly
High-mass quiescent galaxies in clusters assemble more luminous stellar halos than field galaxies while low-mass cluster galaxies assemble less luminous ones over 0.1 < z < 1.
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Galactic Rain: Cool Gas Inflows in Red Geyser Galaxies and Their Connection to AGN Activity and Interactions
Cool gas inflows occur in ~70% of red geyser galaxies at median 47 km/s, with reservoirs 7 times larger in radio-detected systems and 2.7 times larger in interacting ones, linking galaxy environment to AGN fueling and quiescence regulation.
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Effects of Varied Cosmic Ray Feedback from AGN on Massive Galaxy Properties
Varied cosmic ray feedback models from AGN in FIRE-3 simulations all quench massive galaxies consistently with observations but produce vastly different circumgalactic medium properties.
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Development and Application of Numerical Techniques for General-Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations of Black Hole Accretion
Implements advanced GRMHD numerical techniques in Athena++ and demonstrates them via simulations of magnetically arrested disks around black holes.
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Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
A review summarizing established modeling techniques, open questions, and research directions for three classes of LISA gravitational wave sources.
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Massive black holes and their galaxies
A review summarizing detection methods, population statistics, and coevolution of supermassive black holes with host galaxies from early universe observations and simulations.