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The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) Science White Paper

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arxiv 2403.05398 v2 pith:WDGTEFUQ submitted 2024-03-08 astro-ph.IM astro-ph.COastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR

The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) Science White Paper

Vincenzo Mainieri , Richard I. Anderson , Jarle Brinchmann , Andrea Cimatti , Richard S. Ellis , Vanessa Hill , Jean-Paul Kneib , Anna F. McLeod
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Cyrielle Opitom Martin M. Roth Paula Sanchez-Saez Rodolfo Smiljanic Eline Tolstoy Roland Bacon Sofia Randich Angela Adamo Francesca Annibali Patricia Arevalo Marc Audard Stefania Barsanti Giuseppina Battaglia Amelia M. Bayo Aran Francesco Belfiore Michele Bellazzini Emilio Bellini Maria Teresa Beltran Leda Berni Simone Bianchi Katia Biazzo Sofia Bisero Susanna Bisogni Joss Bland-Hawthorn Stephane Blondin Julia Bodensteiner Henri M.J. Boffin Rosaria Bonito Giuseppe Bono Nicolas F. Bouche Dominic Bowman Vittorio F. Braga Angela Bragaglia Marica Branchesi Anna Brucalassi Julia J. Bryant Ian Bryson Innocenza Busa Stefano Camera Carmelita Carbone Giada Casali Mark Casali Viviana Casasola Norberto Castro Marcio Catelan Lorenzo Cavallo Cristina Chiappini Maria-Rosa Cioni Matthew Colless Laura Colzi Sofia Contarini Warrick Couch Filippo D'Ammando William d'Assignies D. Valentina D'Orazi Ronaldo da Silva Maria Giovanna Dainotti Francesco Damiani Camilla Danielski Annalisa De Cia Roelof S. de Jong Suhail Dhawan Philippe Dierickx Simon P. Driver Ulyana Dupletsa Stephanie Escoffier Ana Escorza Michele Fabrizio Giuliana Fiorentino Adriano Fontana Francesco Fontani Daniel Forero Sanchez Patrick Franois Francisco Jose Galindo-Guil Anna Rita Gallazzi Daniele Galli Miriam Garcia Jorge Garcia-Rojas Bianca Garilli Robert Grand Mario Giuseppe Guarcello Nandini Hazra Amina Helmi Artemio Herrero Daniela Iglesias Dragana Ilic Vid Irsic Valentin D. Ivanov Luca Izzo Pascale Jablonka Benjamin Joachimi Darshan Kakkad Sebastian Kamann Sergey Koposov Georges Kordopatis Andjelka B. Kovacevic Katarina Kraljic Hanindyo Kuncarayakti Yuna Kwon Fiorangela La Forgia Ofer Lahav Clotilde Laigle Monica Lazzarin Ryan Leaman Floriane Leclercq Khee-Gan Lee David Lee Matt D. Lehnert Paulina Lira Eleonora Loffredo Sara Lucatello Laura Magrini Kate Maguire Guillaume Mahler Fatemeh Zahra Majidi Nicola Malavasi Filippo Mannucci Marcella Marconi Nicolas Martin Federico Marulli Davide Massari Tadafumi Matsuno Jorryt Mattheee Sean McGee Jaroslav Merc Thibault Merle Andrea Miglio Alessandra Migliorini Ivan Minchev Dante Minniti Nuria Miret-Roig Ana Monreal Ibero Federico Montano Ben T. Montet Michele Moresco Chiara Moretti Lauro Moscardini Andres Moya Oliver Mueller Themiya Nanayakkara Matt Nicholl Thomas Nordlander Francesca Onori Marco Padovani Anna Francesca Pala Swayamtrupta Panda Mamta Pandey-Pommier Luca Pasquini Michal Pawlak Priscila J. Pessi Alice Pisani Lukav C. Popovic Loredana Prisinzano Roberto Raddi Monica Rainer Alberto Rebassa-Mansergas Johan Richard Mickael Rigault Antoine Rocher Donatella Romano Piero Rosati Germano Sacco Ruben Sanchez-Janssen Andreas A.C. Sander Jason L. Sanders Mark Sargent Elena Sarpa Carlo Schimd Pietro Schipani Emiliano Sefusatti Graham P. Smith Lorenzo Spina Matthias Steinmetz Sandro Tacchella Grazina Tautvaisiene Christopher Theissen Guillaume Thomas Yuan-Sen Ting Tony Travouillon Laurence Tresse Oem Trivedi Maria Tsantaki Maria Tsedrik Tanya Urrutia Elena Valenti Mathieu Van der Swaelmen Sophie Van Eck Francesco Verdiani Aurelien Verdier Susanna Diana Vergani Anne Verhamme Joel Vernet Giovanni Verza Matteo Viel Pauline Vielzeuf Giustina Vietri Jorick S. Vink Carlos Viscasillas Vazquez Hai-Feng Wang Peter M. Weilbacher Martin Wendt Nicholas Wright Quanzhi Ye Christophe Yeche Jiaxi Yu Tayyaba Zafar Stefano Zibetti Bodo Ziegler Igor Zinchenko
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The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is proposed as a new facility dedicated to the efficient delivery of spectroscopic surveys. This white paper summarises the initial concept as well as the corresponding science cases. WST will feature simultaneous operation of a large field-of-view (3 sq. degree), a high multiplex (20,000) multi-object spectrograph (MOS) and a giant 3x3 sq. arcmin integral field spectrograph (IFS). In scientific capability these requirements place WST far ahead of existing and planned facilities. Given the current investment in deep imaging surveys and noting the diagnostic power of spectroscopy, WST will fill a crucial gap in astronomical capability and work synergistically with future ground and space-based facilities. This white paper shows that WST can address outstanding scientific questions in the areas of cosmology; galaxy assembly, evolution, and enrichment, including our own Milky Way; origin of stars and planets; time domain and multi-messenger astrophysics. WST's uniquely rich dataset will deliver unforeseen discoveries in many of these areas. The WST Science Team (already including more than 500 scientists worldwide) is open to the all astronomical community. To register in the WST Science Team please visit https://www.wstelescope.com/for-scientists/participate

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